{"id":1048,"date":"2007-01-01T18:32:09","date_gmt":"2007-01-02T02:32:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/?p=1048"},"modified":"2015-11-06T00:26:29","modified_gmt":"2015-11-06T08:26:29","slug":"%e7%b6%a0%e8%89%b2%e9%a3%9f%e7%89%a9%e4%b8%8d%e7%92%b0%e4%bf%9d","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2007\/01\/01\/%e7%b6%a0%e8%89%b2%e9%a3%9f%e7%89%a9%e4%b8%8d%e7%92%b0%e4%bf%9d\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7da0\u8272\u98df\u7269\u4e0d\u74b0\u4fdd"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Organic<\/p>\n

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\u672c\u5730\u98df\u54c1\ufe55<\/p>\n

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\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u7cbe\u660e\u7684\u74b0\u4fdd\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\ufe50\u5728\u8cfc\u8cb7\u50f9\u683c\u6602\u8cb4\u7684\u7da0\u8272\u98df\u7269\u524d\ufe50\u8acb\u505c\u4e0b\u4f86\u601d\u8003\u4e00\u4e0b\ufe50\u8cb7\u7da0\u8272\u98df\u7269\u771f\u7684\u6709\u52a9\u74b0\u4fdd\u55ce\ufe56<\/p>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599\ufe55The Economist Dec 7th 2006<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u7cbe\u660e\u7684\u74b0\u4fdd\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\ufe50\u5728\u8cfc\u8cb7\u50f9\u683c\u6602\u8cb4\u7684\u7da0\u8272\u98df\u7269\u524d\ufe50\u8acb\u505c\u4e0b\u4f86\u601d\u8003\u4e00\u4e0b\ufe50\u8cb7\u7da0\u8272\u98df\u7269\u771f\u7684\u6709\u52a9\u74b0\u4fdd\u55ce\ufe56 \u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599\ufe55The Economist Dec 7th 2006<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1049,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"lc_iscn_info":[],"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[6],"tags":[968],"class_list":["post-1048","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-_society","tag-968"],"yoast_head":"\n\u7da0\u8272\u98df\u7269\u4e0d\u74b0\u4fdd - \u54f2\u5b50\u6232 Philosophist\u2019s Camp<\/title>\n<meta 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"\u66f8\u8a55"","block_context":{"text":"\u66f8\u8a55","link":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/category\/_books\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/03\/guns-germs-and-steel.jpg?fit=454%2C700&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":7734,"url":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2013\/10\/09\/false-economy-a-surprising-economic-history-of-the-world-alan-beattie-%e5%9c%8b%e5%ae%b6%e7%9a%84%e5%91%bd%e9%81%8b%e5%a5%bd%e5%a5%bd%e7%8e%a9\/","url_meta":{"origin":1048,"position":2},"title":"False Economy – Alan Beattie \u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u547d\u904b\u597d\u597d\u73a9","author":"hevangel","date":"October 9, 2013","format":false,"excerpt":"\u8b80\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u80fd\u5920\u5206\u6790\u4e16\u614b\uff0c\u8b80\u6b77\u53f2\u53ef\u4ee5\u9452\u53e4\u77e5\u4eca\uff0c\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u628a\u5169\u8005\u7d50\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4ee5\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u8208\u8870\u4f86\u4f50\u8b49\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u4ee5\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u7684\u7406\u4f86\u5206\u6790\u5169\u500b\u8d77\u8dd1\u9ede\u76f8\u8fd1\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5728\u6578\u5341\u5e74\u5f8c\u5169\u570b\u4e4b\u9593\u6703\u8ca7\u5bcc\u61f8\u6b8a\u3002\u4f5c\u8005Alan Beattie\u662f\u91d1\u878d\u6642\u5831\u7684\u7de8\u8f2f\uff0c\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u6587\u7b46\u5e7d\u9ed8\u8cc7\u6599\u8c50\u5bcc\uff0c\u7d93\u6fdf\u89e3\u91cb\u6df1\u5165\u6dfa\u51fa\uff0c\u8f14\u4ee5\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u8da3\u805e\u8efc\u4e8b\uff0c\u5341\u5206\u8f15\u9b06\u6613\u8b80\u3002 \u82f1\u6587\u66f8\u540d\u4e2d\u7684\u526f\u984cA Surprising Economic History of the 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"\u653f\u6cbb\u7d93\u6fdf"","block_context":{"text":"\u653f\u6cbb\u7d93\u6fdf","link":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/category\/_society\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":5288,"url":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2011\/09\/01\/ecological-ethics-an-introduction-patrick-curry\/","url_meta":{"origin":1048,"position":5},"title":"Ecological Ethics, An Introduction – Patrick Curry","author":"hevangel","date":"September 1, 2011","format":false,"excerpt":"\u8fd1\u5e74\u6f6e\u6d41\u8208\u74b0\u4fdd\uff0c\u6211\u4e00\u76f4\u5c0d\u9019\u500b\u8b70\u984c\u5f88\u6709\u8208\u8da3\u3002\u525b\u597d\u5927\u5b78\u958b\u8fa8\u74b0\u5883\u9053\u5fb7\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u8ab2\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u60dc\u4e0a\u8ab2\u6642\u9593\u4e0d\u9069\u5408\uff0c\u6211\u6c92\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u4fee\u8b80\u3002\u53ea\u597d\u628a\u8ab2\u672c\u8cb7\u56de\u4f86\u81ea\u5df2\u770b\uff0c\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u662f\u4fbf\u662f\u8a72\u8ab2\u7684\u8ab2\u672c\u3002\u9019\u662f\u672c\u74b0\u4fdd\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u5165\u9580\u66f8\u85c9\uff0c\u66f8\u4e2d\u7e3d\u62ec\u4ecb\u7d39\u7531\u6dfa\u7da0\u81f3\u6df1\u7da0\uff0c\u5404\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u502b\u7406\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u3002\u5168\u66f8\u53ea\u6709\u77ed\u77ed\u4e00\u767e\u4e94\u5341\u9801\uff0c\u4f46\u5167\u5bb9\u5341\u5206\u8c50\u5bcc\uff0c\u8981\u95b1\u8b80\u5927\u91cf\u8cc7\u6599\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u53ea\u662f\u5165\u9580\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u66f8\u4e2d\u76e1\u91cf\u4e2d\u80af\u5730\u7684\u4ecb\u7d39\u5404\u500b\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u81f3\u65bc\u5c0d\u5404\u500b\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u6279\u8a55\u548c\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u9019\u8ab2\u9084\u6709\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u672c\u5de8\u5f62\u78da\u982d\u66f8\u3002 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\u6df1\u7da0\u74b0\u4fdd\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u6dfa\u7da0\u548c\u4e2d\u7da0\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5206\u5225\uff0c\u662f\u50f9\u503c\u7684\u53d6\u5411\u5f9e\u500b\u9ad4\u5c64\u9762\u8df3\u5347\u5230\u5168\u90e8\u7684\u5c64\u9762\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u5207\u751f\u7269\u548c\u6b7b\u7269\u3002\u7576\u74b0\u5883\u548c\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u76f8\u9055\u6642\uff0c\u5bb9\u8a31\u5426\u5b9a\u4eba\u985e\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u53d6\u5411\u3002\u66f8\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7d39\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e7e\u500b\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u6df1\u7da0\u7406\u8ad6\uff1a \u571f\u5730\u502b\u7406(Land Ethic)\u628a\u571f\u58e4\uff0c\u6c34\uff0c\u52d5\u690d\u7269\uff0c\u7d71\u7d71\u7d66\u8209\u672c\u7136\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u628a\u4eba\u985e\u8996\u70ba\u751f\u614b\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u4e00\u4efd\u5b50\u3002\u5b83\u8a8d\u70ba\u5408\u4e4e\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u5fc5\u9700\u80fd\u5920\u4fdd\u5b58\u751f\u614b\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff0c\u96b1\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u7f8e\u9e97\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\u4fbf\u662f\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u53cd\u5c0d\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\u571f\u5730\u502b\u7406\u5927\u5927\u9650\u5236\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u4e26\u59a8\u7919\u4eba\u985e\u4f7f\u7528\u5929\u7136\u8cc7\u6e90\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\u3002 \u84cb\u4e9e\u7406\u8ad6(Gaia Theory)\u8a8d\u70ba\u5730\u7403\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u8d85\u7d1a\u751f\u547d\u9ad4\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u662f\u5730\u7403\u8eab\u4e0a\u7684\u5bb3\u87f2\uff0c\u7576\u5730\u7403\u53d7\u5920\u4eba\u985e\u6642\uff0c\u5b83\u4fbf\u6703\u4f5c\u51fa\u53cd\u64ca\uff0c\u8b93\u751f\u614b\u56de\u8986\u6b63\u5e38\u3002\u53cd\u5c0d\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\u84cb\u4e9e\u7406\u8ad6\u6c92\u6709\u79d1\u5b78\u6839\u64da\uff0c\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u84cb\u4e9e\u4fbf\u662f\u5e0c\u81d8\u795e\u8a71\u4e2d\u5927\u5730\u4e4b\u795e\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u84cb\u4e9e\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u571f\u5730\u502b\u7406\u5167\u5bb9\u592a\u904e\u7a7a\u6cdb\uff0c\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u6307\u70ba\u7da0\u8272\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u4ee5\u5730\u7403\u70ba\u540d\u7fa9\u4fb5\u72af\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u6b0a\u5229\u3002 \u6df1\u74b0\u5883\u8ad6(Deep Ecology)\u8a8d\u70ba\u975e\u4eba\u985e\u751f\u7269\u6709\u672c\u7136\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u4e0d\u61c9\u53ea\u8981\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u529f\u7528\u53bb\u8861\u91cf\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u6c92\u6709\u6b0a\u5229\u53bb\u6e1b\u5c11\u7269\u7a2e\u7684\u8c50\u5bcc\u6027\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4eba\u985e\u5fc5\u9700\u8981\u6539\u8b8a\u751f\u6d3b\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e26\u9010\u6f38\u5c11\u4eba\u53e3\u6578\u76ee\uff0c\u8b93\u5176\u4ed6\u751f\u7269\u6709\u751f\u5b58\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u3002\u6df1\u74b0\u5883\u8ad6\u9084\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u7d00\u5143\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u8981\u5f9e\u601d\u60f3\u4e0a\u53bb\u6539\u8b8a\u4eba\u985e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u8b93\u4eba\u5011\u660e\u767d\u74b0\u5883\u4e5f\u662f\u4eba\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\uff0c\u8b93\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\u9748\u9023\u63a5\u5230\u74b0\u5883\u4e0a\u3002 \u6df1\u7da0\u7406\u8ad6(Deep Green Theory)\u5426\u5b9a\u4eba\u985e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u7279\u5225\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u672c\u7136\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cc\u99d5\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u9664\u4e86\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u81ea\u9858\u6027\u7684\u8f49\u8b8a\u5916\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u7d50\u69cb\u4e5f\u8981\u4f5c\u51fa\u6539\u8b8a\u3002 \u5de6\u7ffc\u751f\u614b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e3b\u7fa9(Left Biocentrism)\u540c\u6642\u5426\u5b9a\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u548c\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u5169\u8005\u7686\u662f\u5de5\u696d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u4e00\u9ad4\u5169\u9762\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u628a\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u7684\u968e\u7d1a\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u63a8\u5c55\u5230\u5168\u90e8\u751f\u7269\u7684\u5c64\u9762\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u5728\u525d\u524a\u5176\u4ed6\u751f\u7269\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u5730\u7403\u4e26\u4e0d\u5c6c\u65bc\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u6709\u8cac\u4efb\u904e\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4ee5\u6e1b\u5c11\u5c0d\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u50b7\u5bb3\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u53cd\u5c0d\u7d93\u6fdf\u767c\u5c55\u548c\u5168\u7403\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u8a8d\u70ba\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u7406\u8ad6\u9084\u662f\u4eba\u672c\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u6703\u50b7\u5bb3\u74b0\u5883\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u7269\u7a2e\u7684\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u6bd4\u4efb\u4f55\u500b\u4eba\uff0c\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u793e\u5340\u6216\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u66f4\u52a0\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u7c21\u55ae\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u4eba\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u6551\u8b22\u8eca\u6551\u4eba\u662f\u597d\uff0c\u5766\u514b\u8eca\u6bba\u4eba\u662f\u58de\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u5766\u514b\u8eca\u548c\u6551\u8b22\u8eca\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u5206\u5225\uff0c\u90fd\u6703\u5e36\u4f86\u74b0\u5883\u7834\u58de\u3002 \u5730\u7403\u5ba3\u8a00(The Earth Manifesto)\u662f\u500b\u5927\u96dc\u71f4\uff0c\u628a\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u53ca\u7684\u7a2e\u7a2e\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u5beb\u4e0b\u4f86\u6210\u70ba\u884c\u52d5\u5ba3\u8a00\uff0c\u9084\u9806\u624b\u52a0\u5165\u6ec5\u8ca7\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0c\u548c\u5e73\u7b49\u5ba3\u8a00\u3002\u5730\u7403\u5ba3\u8a00\u597d\u807d\u662f\u597d\u807d\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u6d41\u65bc\u4e0d\u5207\u5be6\u969b\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u6709\u885d\u7a81\u6642\uff0c\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u8aaa\u660e\u89e3\u6c7a\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002 \u74b0\u5883\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9(Ecofeminsim)\u548c\u50b3\u7d71\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u61c9\u7528\u5728\u74b0\u5883\u554f\u984c\u4e0a\uff0c\u628a\u7537\u6027\u5c0d\u5973\u6027\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u7533\u5ef6\u81f3\u4eba\u985e\u5c0d\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u4e0a\u3002\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u53cd\u5c0d\u7406\u6027\u722d\u8faf\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u4eba\u61c9\u8a72\u7528\u611f\u60c5\u53bb\u611f\u53d7\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u3002\u4e0d\u8ac7\u8cac\u4efb\u6216\u6b0a\u5229\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u8981\u50cf\u6bcd\u89aa\u822c\u628a\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u597d\u597d\u7684\u7167\u9867\u3002 \u6709\u4e9b\u6df1\u7da0\u652f\u6301\u8005\uff0c\u66f4\u628a\u74b0\u4fdd\u63d0\u5347\u5230\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u5c64\u9762\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5b97\u6559\uff0c\u7686\u7121\u6cd5\u6eff\u8db3\u74b0\u4fdd\u554f\u984c\u7684\u8a34\u6c42\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u60f3\u56de\u5230\u571f\u8457\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u653e\u68c4\u4eba\u985e\u73fe\u4ee3\u6587\u5316\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u91cd\u56de\u539f\u59cb\u4eba\u8207\u5927\u5730\u5171\u5b58\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002 \u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u7ae0\u5f15\u7528\u66f8\u4e2d\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5730\u7403\u74b0\u5883\u9762\u5c0d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u96e3\u984c\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u592a\u591a\u3002\u6839\u64da\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u8a08\u7b97\uff0c\u82e5\u679c\u4eba\u985e\u8981\u6709\u6b50\u6d32\u767c\u5c55\u570b\u5bb6\u8212\u9069\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u8cea\u7d20\uff0c\u5c31\u7b97\u628a\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u80fd\u6e90\u6548\u7387\u7684\u65b0\u79d1\u6280\u8a08\u7b97\u5728\u5167\uff0c\u5730\u7403\u53ea\u80fd\u5920\u652f\u6301\u5927\u7d04\u4e8c\u5341\u5104\u4eba\u53e3\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u73fe\u5728\u5730\u7403\u4eba\u53e3\u8d85\u6a19\u4e09\u500d\u3002\u7da0\u8272\u79d1\u6280\u767c\u5c55\u8ffd\u4e0d\u4e0a\u4eba\u53e3\u589e\u9577\uff0c\u8981\u4eba\u5011\u5927\u5e45\u6e1b\u5c11\u7269\u8cea\u751f\u6d3b\u5247\u4e0d\u53d7\u6b61\u8fce\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u6b63\u662f\u6df1\u7da0\u74b0\u5883\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u8a66\u91d1\u77f3\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u5982\u4f55\u628a\u74b0\u5883\u653e\u5728\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u4eba\u985e\u7121\u7bc0\u5236\u5730\u751f\u80b2\u3002\u5176\u5be6\u628a\u5730\u7403\u8996\u70ba\u652f\u6301\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u53bb\u8a08\u7b97\u4e8c\u5341\u5104\u4eba\u9019\u500b\u6578\u76ee\uff0c\u4fbf\u5df2\u7d93\u9055\u53cd\u6df1\u7da0\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u3002\u82e5\u8981\u628a\u4eba\u985e\u5c0d\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u5f71\u56ae\u6e1b\u5230\u6700\u5c11\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u5fc5\u9700\u66f4\u52a0\u5927\u91cf\u5730\u6e1b\u5c11\u4eba\u53e3\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5920\u8b93\u4eba\u985e\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7269\u7a2e\u548c\u5e73\u5171\u5b58\u3002","rel":"","context":"In 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