{"id":1187,"date":"2007-02-27T21:26:14","date_gmt":"2007-02-28T05:26:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2007\/02\/27\/the-world-is-flat-%e4%b8%96%e7%95%8c%e6%98%af%e5%b9%b3%e7%9a%84\/"},"modified":"2015-10-28T16:24:15","modified_gmt":"2015-10-29T00:24:15","slug":"the-world-is-flat-%e4%b8%96%e7%95%8c%e6%98%af%e5%b9%b3%e7%9a%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2007\/02\/27\/the-world-is-flat-%e4%b8%96%e7%95%8c%e6%98%af%e5%b9%b3%e7%9a%84\/","title":{"rendered":"The World is Flat \u4e16\u754c\u662f\u5e73\u7684 – Thomas L. Friedman"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"The<\/a> \u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u4e16\u7d00\u662f\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\ufe50\u96a8\u8457\u79d1\u6280\u548c\u4ea4\u901a\u767c\u9054\ufe50\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u5169\u500b\u5404\u89d2\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u9694\u96e2\u7e2e\u77ed\u4e86\ufe50\u96a8\u8457\u7dca\u5bc6\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7d93\u6fdf\u5408\u4f5c\u95dc\u4fc2\ufe50\u570b\u8207\u570b\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u570d\u7246\u4e5f\u5012\u4e0b\u4e86\u3002\u4e0d\u8ad6\u5728\u90a3\u88cf\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u4eba\ufe50\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u5728\u767c\u9054\u570b\u5bb6\u9084\u662f\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e16\u754c\ufe50\u4e5f\u7121\u53ef\u88ab\u514d\u8981\u9069\u61c9\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u5927\u8da8\u52e2\u3002\u300c\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u5e73\u7684\u300d\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u6b63\u597d\u70ba\u8b80\u8005\u89e3\u8aaa\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u4f86\u9f8d\u53bb\u8108\ufe50\u5206\u6790\u767c\u9054\u570b\u5bb6\u8207\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e16\u754c\u5728\u5168\u7403\u5316\u9047\u5230\u7684\u554f\u984c\ufe50\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c55\u671b\u672a\u4f86\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u5728\u96f6\u4e94\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u5f8c\u4fbf\u4e00\u76f4\u9ad8\u8e1e\u7d10\u7d04\u6642\u5831\u66a2\u92b7\u66f8\u6392\u884c\u699c\ufe50\u53bb\u5e74\u66f4\u7372\u63a8\u85a6\u70ba\u9999\u6e2f\u96fb\u53f0\u5341\u672c\u597d\u66f8\u3002\u5176\u5be6\u5728\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u51fa\u7248\u4ee5\u524d\ufe50\u5168\u7403\u5316\u9019\u500b\u8a5e\u8a9e\u65e9\u5df2\u6df1\u5165\u6c11\u5fc3\u3002\u82e5\u5e73\u6642\u6709\u770b\u7d93\u6fdf\u6216\u4f01\u7ba1\u96dc\u8a8c\ufe50\u5c0d\u66f8\u4e2d\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u76f8\u4fe1\u4e0d\u6703\u964c\u751f\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u628a\u6709\u95dc\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u6709\u7cfb\u7d71\u5730\u6574\u7406\u51fa\u4f86\ufe50\u5c0d\u65b0\u624b\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5165\u66f8\u85c9\ufe50\u4ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u8001\u624b\u6eab\u6545\u77e5\u65b0\ufe50\u91cd\u65b0\u601d\u8003\u5728\u5168\u7403\u5316\u4e2d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n

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hazard)\uff0c\u9019\u7b46\u7cca\u5857\u8cec\u600e\u6a23\u4e5f\u4e0d\u61c9\u7b97\u5230\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u982d\u4e0a\u4f86\u5427\u3002\u82e5\u679c\u8981\u56de\u7b54\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u793e\u6703\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6703\u767c\u5c55\u9019\u4e00\u500b\u5730\u6b65\uff0c\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u524d\u5de6\u6d3e\u907a\u7559\u7684\u9918\u6bd2\u9084\u672a\u5fb9\u5e95\u6e05\u9664\u3002\u96f6\u516b\u5e74\u91d1\u878d\u6d77\u562f\u7684\u4e3b\u56e0\u662f\u6b21\u6309\u5371\u6a5f\uff0c\u800c\u6b21\u6309\u7684\u6e90\u982d\u6b63\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u653f\u5e9c\u5e72\u9810\u5e02\u5834\uff0c\u8981\u5169\u623f\u9054\u6210\u4eba\u4eba\u6709\u5c4b\u4f4f\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4efb\u52d9\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u8ca8\u6b3e\u4eba\u662f\u5426\u8db3\u5920\u9084\u50b5\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u786c\u751f\u751f\u628a\u9055\u7d04\u98a8\u96aa\u6ce8\u5165\u5e02\u5834\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u6f14\u8b8a\u6210\u50b3\u70b8\u5f48\u904a\u6232\u3002 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destruction)\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u3002 \u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\uff1a\u5e02\u5834\u5316\u8836\u98df\u793e\u6703\u50f9\u503c \u9019\u4e00\u7ae0\u8f49\u800c\u6279\u8a55\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u5834\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u4f5c\u8005\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5c0d\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e2d\u7684\u5e02\u5834\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u8aa4\u89e3\u3002\u66f8\u4e2d\u8aaa \u5982\u679c\u300c\u4e00\u500b\u9858\u8cb7\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u9858\u8ce3\u300d\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5c31\u662f\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u793e\u6703\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u90a3\u7e3b\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7d55\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u793e\u6703\u90fd\u4e0d\u8a31\u8ce3\u8840\uff0c\u8ce3\u5668\u5b98\uff0c\u8ce3\u6deb\uff0c\u8ce3\u6bd2\u54c1\uff0c\u8cb7\u8ce3\u5b78\u4f4d\uff0c\u8cb7\u8ce3\u5b98\u8077\uff0c\u8cb7\u8ce3\u5b50\u5973\uff0c\u300c\u8ce3\u8eab\u846c\u7236\u300d\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u8a31\u8ce3\u300c\u9ec3\u725b\u98db\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u5f7c\u6b64\u4f60\u60c5\u6211\u9858\u7684\u9ad8\u5229\u8ca8\uff0c\u5305\u652c\u8a34\u8a1f\uff0c\u91d1\u5b57\u5854\u5f0f\u63a8\u92b7\u7b49\uff0c\u5728\u7d55\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u570b\u5bb6\u90fd\u88ab\u5217\u70ba\u975e\u6cd5\uff1f\u5f88\u660e\u986f\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u4ea4\u6613\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u51cc\u99d5\u65bc\u793e\u6703\u50f9\u503c\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u6289\u64c7\u4e4b\u4e0a \u9996\u5148\u8981\u6f84\u6e05\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u6703\u8a8d\u540c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6240\u8b02\u8cb7\u8ce3\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u4ea4\u6613\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4f86\u81ea\u5eb7\u5fb7\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u8981\u5c0a\u91cd\u634d\u885b\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u5c0a\u56b4\u3002\u8ce3\u8840\uff0c\u8ce3\u5668\u8840\uff0c\u8ce3\u5b50\u5973\uff0c\u8ce3\u8eab\u846c\u7236\u7b49\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u9055\u53cd\u4eba\u6b0a\u628a\u4eba\u985e\u8cb6\u70ba\u8ca8\u7269\uff0c\u8207\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u885d\u7a81\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e2d\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4ea4\u6613\uff0c\u5fc5\u9700\u4ee5\u5408\u7d04\u7cbe\u795e\u548c\u8aa0\u4fe1\u70ba\u5927\u524d\u984c\uff0c\u800c\u653f\u5e9c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u529f\u7528\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u76e3\u7763\u4eba\u6c11\u5c65\u884c\u5408\u7d04\u7684\u7fa9\u52d9\u3002\u8cb7\u8ce3\u5b78\u4f4d\uff0c\u8cb7\u8ce3\u5b98\u8077\uff0c\u7092\u9ec3\u725b\u98db\uff0c\u9ad8\u5229\u8ca8\uff0c\u5305\u652c\u8a34\u8a1f\uff0c\u91d1\u5b57\u5854\u5f0f\u63a8\u92b7\u7b49\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u53cd\u5c0d\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u884c\u70ba\u542b\u6709\u6b3a\u9a19\u6216\u9055\u7d04\u6210\u4efd\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u5b97\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4ea4\u6613\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6bd2\u54c1\u4e0d\u6703\u5e36\u4f86\u5176\u4ed6\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u793e\u6703\u554f\u984c\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u672c\u8eab\u4e26\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u6216\u53cd\u5c0d\u8ce3\u6bd2\u54c1\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u7981\u4e0d\u7981\u6bd2\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u793e\u6703\u6210\u672c\u8a08\u7b97\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u8ce3\u6deb\u561b\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u5b8c\u5168\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u897f\u65b9\u81ea\u7531\u793e\u6703\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9999\u6e2f\uff0c\u8ce3\u6deb\u662f\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\uff0c\u72af\u6cd5\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u626f\u76ae\u689d\u3002 \u63a5\u8457\u9019\u7ae0\u7e7c\u7e8c\u6279\u8a55\u5e02\u5834\u5316\uff0c\u8aaa\u300c\u5e02\u5834\u5316\u672c\u8eab\u66f4\u662f\u56b4\u91cd\u5730\u8836\u98df\u8457\u4eba\u969b\u9593\u7684\u502b\u7406\u95dc\u4fc2\u4ee5\u53ca\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u793e\u7fa4\u50f9\u503c\u300d\uff0c\u4e26\u8209\u51fa\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u8a17\u5152\u6240\u5c0d\u9072\u5230\u63a5\u5b50\u5973\u7684\u5bb6\u9577\u5f15\u5165\u7f70\u6b3e\u4f5c\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u9019\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u5728Predictably Irrational\u4e00\u66f8\u4e2d\u6211\u4e5f\u6709\u770b\u904e\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u628a\u9019\u500b\u5e02\u5834\u5316\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u672a\u514d\u904e\u4efd\u806f\u60f3\u3002\u9019\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6307\u51fa\u4eba\u8166\u5206\u70ba\u611f\u6027\u548c\u7406\u6027\u5169\u500b\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u601d\u8003\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5169\u8005\u5f80\u5f80\u5f97\u51fa\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u985e\u975e\u7406\u6027\u9078\u64c7\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\uff0c\u65e9\u5df2\u6649\u8eab\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\uff0c\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5bb6Maurice Allais\u66f4\u6191\u6b64\u7372\u5f97\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7d93\u6fdf\u734e\u3002\u6211\u4e0d\u719f\u6089\u884c\u70ba\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u4f46\u7406\u8ad6\u4e0a\u5169\u8005\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f8\u5bb9\u5171\u8655\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u5f71\u97ff\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u67b6\u69cb\u3002 \u6700\u5f8c\u4f5c\u8005\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\u6253\u7a3b\u8349\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u6279\u8a55\u6d88\u8cbb\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u8aaa\u300c\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5341\u8db3\u5947\u602a\u7684\u672c\u672b\u5012\u7f6e\u300d\uff0c\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u4e5f\u6703\u8a8d\u540c\u9019\u756a\u8aaa\u8a71\u3002\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u4fbf\u662f\u7d2f\u7a4d\u8cc7\u672c\u53bb\u589e\u52a0\u751f\u7522\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u503c\u50f9\uff0c\u6d88\u8cbb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u537b\u53cd\u884c\u5176\u9053\u628a\u9322\u82b1\u6389\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u4f55\u89e3\u4f5c\u8005\u628a\u6d88\u8cbb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7b97\u5230\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u982d\u4e0a\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u4ed6\u53c8\u8aaa\uff1a \u6309\u7167\u300c\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u300d\u7684\u4e3b\u5c0e\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5927\u53ef\u5c07\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u516c\u5712\u3001\u5716\u66f8\u9928\u3001\u535a\u7269\u9928\u3001\u90f5\u653f\u5c40\u3001\u6c34\u52d9\u8655\u3001\u6d88\u9632\u670d\u52d9\u3001\u6551\u50b7\u8eca\u670d\u52d9\u3001\u6c23\u50cf\u670d\u52d9\u7b49\u79c1\u6709\u5316\u3002\u6240\u6709\u570b\u5bb6\u5176\u81f3\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u8b66\u5bdf\u548c\u8ecd\u968a\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u7dad\u6301\u6cbb\u5b89\u53ef\u7531\u4fdd\u5b89\u516c\u53f8\u8ca0\u8cac\u3001\u570b\u9632\u5247\u53ef\u7531\u50f1\u50ad\u5175\u8ca0\u8cac\u3002\u5f9e\u7d93\u6fdf\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u9019\u4e9b\u8f49\u8b8a\u80af\u5b9a\u6703\u5e36\u4f86\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u300c\u7d93\u6fdf\u6548\u76ca\u300d\u3002 \u54a6~ \u9019\u7ae0\u958b\u9996\u4e0d\u624d\u525b\u525b\u8aaa\u904e\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u670d\u52d9\u662f\u516c\u7528\u54c1(public goods)\uff0c\u7531\u653f\u5e9c\u4f86\u505a\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u7387\u55ce\uff1f\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u53ef\u4e5f\u767e\u4efd\u767e\u8a8d\u540c\u9019\u9ede\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u8c48\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u6253\u5634\u5df4\uff1f\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u63d0\u51fa\u79c1\u6709\u5316\u7684\u6700\u5927\u7406\u7531\uff0c\u662f\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e9b\u670d\u52d9\u5e02\u5834\u7af6\u722d\u6bd4\u653f\u5e9c\u5305\u8fa6\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4fbf\u61c9\u8a72\u8b93\u5e02\u5834\u4f86\u505a\uff0c\u4f46\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5f9e\u4f86\u6c92\u6709\u8aaa\u904e\u6240\u6709\u653f\u5e9c\u670d\u52d9\u4e5f\u8981\u79c1\u71df\u5316\u554a\u3002\u518d\u8aaa\u591a\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u7121\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3002 \u9019\u7ae0\u5f8c\u9762\u7684\u5c0f\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u7528\u6700\u5f8c\u901a\u789f\u904a\u6232(Utlimatum Game)\uff0c\u8aaa\u7406\u6027\u7684\u300c\u7d93\u6fdf\u4eba\u300d\u61c9\u8a72\u8b93\u4eba\u5bb6\u62ff\u4e5d\u5341\u4e5d\u5143\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u5143\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u62cd\u5169\u6563\u4ee4\u5927\u5bb6\u4e5f\u6c92\u9322\u62ff\uff0c\u53bb\u8b49\u660e\u4eba\u985e\u6709\u516c\u5e73\u4e4b\u5fc3\u3002\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4f5c\u8005\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u8b80\u904e\u535a\u5955\u7406\u8ad6(Game Theory)\uff0c\u66f8\u4e2d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u7121\u4ec7\u5831\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u904e\u904a\u6232single shot game\uff0c\u4f46\u73fe\u5be6\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u4e00\u6b21\u904e\u904a\u6232\u4e26\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u904a\u6232\u90fd\u662f\u91cd\u8986\u904a\u6232(repeated game)\u3002\u5728\u91cd\u8986\u904a\u6232\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u62cd\u5169\u6563\u662f\u8feb\u5c0d\u624b\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c40\u5c31\u7bc4\u7684\u6700\u597d\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4eba\u8166\u5c31\u6703\u4f5c\u51fa\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u3002\u518d\u8005\u5c31\u7b97\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u904e\u904a\u6232\u4e2d\uff0c\u8b93\u5c0d\u624b\u77e5\u9053\u4f60\u6709\u4e00\u62cd\u5169\u6563\u7684\u6c7a\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u9632\u6b62\u4ed6\u4e82\u4f86\u7684\u6700\u597d\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u6587\u4e2d\u8aaa\u7406\u6027\u7d93\u6fdf\u4eba\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5316\u592a\u904e\u77ed\u8996\u4e86\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7406\u6027\u7d93\u6fdf\u4eba\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u662f\u9577\u9060\u6548\u76ca\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5316\u3002 \u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\uff1a\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u6307\u6a19 \u4f5c\u8005\u8aaa\u8981\u53cd\u8f49\u4e3b\u6d41\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\uff0c\u9019\u7ae0\u6307\u51faGDP(Gross Domestic Product)\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u537b\u662f\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u5e38\u8b58\uff0c\u4e2d\u5b78\u7d93\u6fdf\u8ab2\u6216\u8a31\u6c92\u6709\u6559\uff0c\u5927\u5b78\u7d93\u6fdf\u8ab2\u4e00\u5b9a\u6703\u8b1b\u53caGDP\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u3002\u9019\u7ae0\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u5168\u7121\u554f\u984c\u5341\u5206\u6b63\u8def\uff0cGDP\u7684\u4e14\u800c\u78ba\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u72f9\u9698\u548c\u504f\u9817\u7684\u6307\u6a19\u300d\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u91cf\u5ea6\u4e00\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u4e00\u5e74\u5167\u7684\u82b1\u8cbb\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u6c92\u6709\u53cd\u6620\u5176\u4ed6\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u5982\u74b0\u5883\u8cc7\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u570b\u50b5\u589e\u52a0\u7b49\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u5927\u6168\u9664\u4e86\u4e2d\u570b\u6703\u8a02\u4e0b\u81ea\u6b3a\u6b3a\u7684GDP\u589e\u9577\u76ee\u6a19\u5916\uff0c\u5916\u570b\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5bb6\u65e9\u5df2\u8a08\u7b97\u5176\u4ed6\u6307\u6a19\uff0c\u53bb\u5f4c\u4fddGDP\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002\u66f8\u4e2d\u63d0\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u6307\u6a19\u5982GNH(Gross National Happiness)\u6216HPI(Happy Planet Index)\u7b49\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u53d6\u4ee3GDP\u4f5c\u70ba\u7d93\u6fdf\u6307\u6a19\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u90a3\u4e9b\u91cf\u5ea6\u5feb\u6a02\u7684\u6307\u6a19\u4e3b\u89c0\u6027\u592a\u5f37\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u5ba2\u89c0\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u6578\u5b57\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u3002 \u66f8\u4e2d\u4ea6\u63d0\u53ca\u7528\u904e\u6642\u7684GNP(Gross\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "\u66f8\u8a55"","block_context":{"text":"\u66f8\u8a55","link":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/category\/_books\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/l_p0024271795.jpg?fit=536%2C720&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/l_p0024271795.jpg?fit=536%2C720&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/l_p0024271795.jpg?fit=536%2C720&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 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"\u66f8\u8a55"","block_context":{"text":"\u66f8\u8a55","link":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/category\/_books\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/01\/Confessions-of-An-Economic-Hitman-Cover.jpg?fit=750%2C1152&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/01\/Confessions-of-An-Economic-Hitman-Cover.jpg?fit=750%2C1152&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/01\/Confessions-of-An-Economic-Hitman-Cover.jpg?fit=750%2C1152&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/01\/Confessions-of-An-Economic-Hitman-Cover.jpg?fit=750%2C1152&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":6302,"url":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2012\/03\/23\/%e7%9b%9c%e7%89%88%e7%9b%9c%e7%89%88%ef%bc%8c%e8%aa%b0%e7%9b%9c%e8%aa%b0%e7%9a%84%e7%89%88%ef%bc%9f-%e5%8a%89%e5%ae%87%e5%87%a1\/","url_meta":{"origin":1187,"position":4},"title":"\u76dc\u7248\u76dc\u7248\uff0c\u8ab0\u76dc\u8ab0\u7684\u7248\uff1f \u5289\u5b87\u51e1","author":"hevangel","date":"March 23, 2012","format":false,"excerpt":"This article summarize the history of intellectual properties and its problem. I agree to limit the use of patent as offensive legal weapon to stop competitors and return the copyright period back to 14 years. \u6700\u8fd1\u9999\u6e2f\u67d0\u5927\u5b78\u9032\u884c\u6709\u95dc\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u8cfc\u8cb7\u76dc\u7248\u5149\u789f\u7684\u8abf\u67e5\uff0c\u986f\u793a\u5728\u8cfc\u76dc\u7248\u8ca8\u8005\u4e2d\u6709\u56db\u6210\u5177\u5927\u5c08\u5b78\u6b77\u3002\u8ca0\u8cac\u8abf\u67e5\u7684\u90a3\u4f4d\u6559\u6388\u9a5a\u547c\u9019\u7a2e\u300c\u53ea\u8b1b\u50f9\u9322\u4e0d\u8b1b\u9053\u5fb7\u300d\u7684\u98a8\u6c23\u8981\u4e0d\u5f97\u3002 \u8857\u982d\u8a2a\u554f\u986f\u793a\u6709\u4e9b\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u662f\u8cb7\u5f97\u7406\u76f4\u6c23\u58ef\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u8cea\u7591\uff1a\u300c\u4eba\u4eba\u77e5\u9053\u5149\u789f\u88fd\u9020\u6210\u672c\u5f88\u4f4e\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5011\u537b\u8ce3\u5f97\u90a3\u9ebc\u8cb4\uff0c\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7406\u7531\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u8cb7\u6b63\u7248\uff1f\u300d\u4f46\u4e5f\u6709\u4eba\u59cb\u7d42\u611f\u5230\u8cb7\u76dc\u7248\u7684\u78ba\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0a\u4e0d\u597d\u3002\u300c\u7562\u7adf\u90a3\u662f\u4eba\u5bb6\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u7522\u6b0a\u554a\uff01\u300d \u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4f60\u5011\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u600e\u6a23\u770b\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u90fd\u6b63\u5728\u5927\u529b\u6383\u8569\u7ffb\u7248\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u65b7\u76e4\u7b97\u600e\u6a23\u9023\u8cfc\u8cb7\u7ffb\u7248\u4e5f\u5217\u70ba\u5211\u4e8b\u7f6a\u884c\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u554a\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u8981\u4e3b\u6301\u6b63\u7fa9\uff0c\u634d\u885b\u300c\u77e5\u8b58\u7522\u6b0a\u300d\u554a\u3002 \u5f9e\u516c\u8b8a\u79c1\u7684\u4e92\u806f\u7db2 \u5fae\u8edf\u8fd1\u5e74\u4e00\u76f4\u53d7\u5230\u88ab\u6307\u58df\u65b7\u7684\u5b98\u53f8\u7684\u56f0\u64fe\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u4e26\u4e0d\u59a8\u7919\u84cb\u8328\uff08Bill Gates\uff09\u5728\u5168\u7403\u5404\u5730\u8ffd\u67e5\u53ca\u63a7\u544a\u6d89\u5acc\u76dc\u7248\u8005\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u76dc\u7248\u8005\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e2d\u570b\u3002 \u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b\u95dc\u65bc\u4e92\u806f\u7db2\u3001\u96fb\u8166\u3001\u5fae\u8edf\u4ee5\u81f3\u77e5\u8b58\u7522\u6b0a\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e0d\u96e3\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u628a\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u77e5\u8b58\u7522\u6b0a\u300d\u7576\u4f5c\u662f\u5929\u7d93\u5730\u7fa9\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u662f\u591a\u9ebc\u53d7\u9a19\u3002 \u5927\u5bb6\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6c92\u6709\u4e92\u806f\u7db2\uff0c\u77e5\u8a0a\u79d1\u6280\u5c31\u4e0d\u6703\u767c\u751f\u90a3\u9ebc\u5927\u7684\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u5fae\u8edf\u7684\u96fb\u8166\u738b\u570b\u5373\u4f7f\u6709\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6703\u50cf\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u898f\u6a21\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4e92\u806f\u7db2\u7684\u958b\u767c\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u5834\u4e0b\u79c1\u4eba\u4f01\u696d\u6240\u7165\u767c\u7684\u5275\u65b0\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u7522\u7269\u55ce\uff1f\u4e0d\u662f\u7684\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u6838\u80fd\u3001\u96f7\u9054\u3001\u5fae\u578b\u96fb\u5b50\u5668\u6750\u7b49\u7b49\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u4e92\u806f\u7db2\u662f\u6230\u722d\u6216\u8ecd\u4e8b\u7af6\u8cfd\u4e0b\uff0c\u7531\u653f\u5e9c\u4ee5\u516c\u5e11\u958b\u767c\u7684\u3002\u7576\u8607\u806f\u57281957\u5e74\u767c\u5c04\u7b2c\u4e00\u9846\u4eba\u9020\u885b\u661f\u6642\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u7acb\u523b\u610f\u8b58\u5230\u6709\u5728\u8ecd\u4e8b\u7af6\u8cfd\u4e2d\u843d\u5f8c\u4e4b\u865e\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u52a0\u7dca\u79d1\u7814\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7814\u7a76\u600e\u6a23\u5c0d\u901a\u8a0a\u79d1\u6280\u9032\u884c\u9769\u65b0\u3002\u4e92\u806f\u7db2\u7684\u539f\u610f\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u4f7f\u6838\u6230\u6642\u4e5f\u80fd\u78ba\u4fdd\u5168\u570b\u901a\u8a0a\u3002\u5728\u820a\u6709\u7684\u901a\u8a0a\u8a2d\u5099\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u9996\u90fd\u53ca\u5e7e\u500b\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u57ce\u5e02\u53d7\u8972\uff0c\u5168\u570b\u901a\u8a0a\u4fbf\u53ef\u80fd\u7671\u7613\u3002\u7f8e\u570b\u8ecd\u65b9\u57281969\u5e74\u6210\u529f\u5730\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u96fb\u8166\u7db2\u7d61\uff0c\u8b93\u5404\u90e8\u9580\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u76f8\u4e92\u4e4b\u9593\u50b3\u905e\u6700\u65b0\u6d88\u606f\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u88ab\u6bc0\uff0c\u5176\u9918\u7684\u7db2\u7d61\u4ecd\u53ef\u7dad\u6301\u3002\u5230\u4e861983\u5e74\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u7db2\u7d61\u5df2\u806f\u7e6b\u4e86562\u500b\u96fb\u8166\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002\u7db2\u7d61\u96d6\u7531\u653f\u5e9c\u4ed8\u9322\u958b\u767c\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5be6\u969b\u7d93\u71df\u662f\u5916\u5224\u7d66\u4e00\u9593\u79c1\u71df\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u53eb\u9ad8\u7d1a\u7db2\u7d61\u53ca\u670d\u52d9\u516c\u53f8\uff08ANS - Advanced Network & Services\uff09\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u90a3\u6642\u7db2\u7d61\u53eb\u505aANS net\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u516c\u79c1\u5408\u71df\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u570b\u5bb6\u90fd\u5f88\u666e\u904d\u3002\u9019\u9593\u516c\u53f8\u662f\u7531\u5305\u62ecIBM\u5728\u5167\u7684\u5927\u516c\u53f8\u6240\u5275\u5efa\u3002\u5230\u4e861995\u5e74\uff0c\u7d93\u904e\u5e7e\u8f2a\u8f49\u624b\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0cANS\u7684\u7db2\u7d61\u66f4\u6b63\u5f0f\u843d\u5165\u79c1\u4eba\u624b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8b8a\u6210\u73fe\u5728\u7684internet\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u7531\u516c\u5e11\u4ed8\u5e33\uff0c\u53c8\u8b93\u79c1\u4eba\u4f01\u696d\u5206\u4eab\u958b\u767c\u6210\u679c\u7684\u516c\u79c1\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u79c1\u4eba\u4f01\u696d\u5f80\u5f80\u7121\u511f\u5f97\u5230\u6602\u8cb4\u800c\u53c8\u5c16\u7aef\u7684\u6280\u8853\u3002\u6838\u80fd\u6280\u8853\u4e5f\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u8b8a\u6210\u675c\u90a6\uff08Dupont\uff09\uff0c\u5b5f\u5c71\u90fd\uff08Monsanto\uff09\uff0c\u5a01\u65af\u4e01\u8c6a\u58eb\uff08Westing house\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "\u4e2d\u6587\u526a\u5831"","block_context":{"text":"\u4e2d\u6587\u526a\u5831","link":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/category\/_reference\/_chinesenews\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":1862,"url":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2008\/06\/11\/%e5%8d%b0%e5%ba%a6%e9%81%8a%e8%a8%98%e5%ae%8c-%e5%be%8c%e6%84%9f\/","url_meta":{"origin":1187,"position":5},"title":"\u5370\u5ea6\u904a\u8a18(\u5b8c) \u2013 \u5f8c\u611f","author":"hevangel","date":"June 11, 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