{"id":1280,"date":"2007-05-14T20:21:13","date_gmt":"2007-05-15T04:21:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2007\/05\/14\/%e5%85%a9%e7%a8%ae%e9%81%93%e5%be%b7\/"},"modified":"2015-11-06T00:25:51","modified_gmt":"2015-11-06T08:25:51","slug":"%e5%85%a9%e7%a8%ae%e9%81%93%e5%be%b7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2007\/05\/14\/%e5%85%a9%e7%a8%ae%e9%81%93%e5%be%b7\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5169\u7a2e\u9053\u5fb7"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u7d9c\u89c0\u9019\u6b21\u4e2d\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u5831\u7684\u60c5\u8272\u4e8b\u4ef6\ufe50\u9999\u6e2f\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u4eba\u5176\u5be6\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u628a\u9053\u5fb7\u4e8c\u5b57\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u610f\u601d\u3002\u9053\u5fb7\u5176\u5be6\u6709\u5206\u5169\u500b\u5c64\u9762\ufe55\u63cf\u8ff0\u9053\u5fb7(descriptive ethics)\u548c\u898f\u7bc4\u9053\u5fb7(normative ethics)\u3002\u524d\u8005\u662f\u53ea\u63cf\u8ff0\u67d0\u4e00\u793e\u6703\u5718\u9ad4\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u89c0\u5ff5\ufe50\u4f8b\u5982\u9999\u6e2f\u793e\u6703\u666e\u904d\u8a8d\u70ba\u4e82\u502b\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\ufe50\u56de\u6559\u793e\u6703\u666e\u904d\u8a8d\u70ba\u5973\u4eba\u4e0d\u5e36\u982d\u7d17\u662f\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u7b49\u3002\u5f8c\u8005\u5247\u662f\u5f9e\u7406\u6027\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6 \u53bb\u63a2\u8a0e\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u67d0\u4e00\u884c\u70ba\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\u6216\u662f\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9664\u975e\u95a3\u4e0b\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\u76f8\u5c0d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\ufe50\u5b8c\u5168\u5426\u8a8d\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u8fa8\u9053\u5fb7\u5c0d\u932f\ufe50\u53c8\u6216\u8005\u95a3\u4e0b\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u6703\u7368\u7acb\u601d\u8003\ufe50 \u8ddf\u8457\u5927\u968a\u4eba\u4e91\u4ea6\u4e91\u5730\u63a5\u53d7\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u5c0d\u932f\ufe50\u5426\u5247\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7121\u8996\u898f\u7bc4\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u82e5\u95a3\u4e0b\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\u76f8\u5c0d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\ufe50\u9053\u5fb7\u76f8\u5c0d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u5167\u5728\u77db\u76fe\u6211\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7528\u591a\u8aaa\u4e86\u3002\u82e5\u679c\u95a3\u4e0b\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\u6c11\u8403\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\ufe50\u90a3\u4f60\u8a72\u6176\u5e78\u81ea\u5df1\u51fa\u751f\u65bc\u6c11\u667a\u5c1a\u7b97\u958b\u660e\u7684\u9999\u6e2f\ufe50\u800c\u975e\u5854\u91cc\u73ed\u7d71\u6cbb\u4e0b\u7684\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8ad6\u50b3\u5a92\u5831\u7d19\ufe50\u4fdd\u5b88\u6d3e\u6216\u958b\u660e\u6d3e\ufe50\u7d55\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u7684\u8a55\u8ad6\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u8aaa\u63cf \u8ff0\u9053\u5fb7\u3002\u59a8\u5ffd\u4e82\u502b\u548c\u7378\u4ea4\u65e9\u5df2\u7d66\u84cb\u68fa\u5b9a\u8ad6\u70ba\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6c92\u6709\u50b3\u5a92\u5920\u81bd\u5f9e\u898f\u7bc4\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u5c64\u9762\ufe50\u53bb\u63a2\u8a0e\u4e82\u502b\u548c\u7378\u4ea4\u662f\u5426\u771f\u7684\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u5462\ufe56 \u5404\u5927\u50b3\u5a92\u5728\u6279\u8a55\u4e2d\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u9918\ufe50\u81f3\u5c11\u4e5f\u6709\u61c9\u6709\u500b\u683c\u4ed4\u8aaa\u8aaa\u76f8\u53cd\u610f\u898b\ufe50\u8b1b\u8b1b\u67d0\u5916\u570b\u5b78\u8005\u8aaa\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e82\u502b\u548c\u7378\u4ea4\u662f\u5408\u4e4e\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u610f\u898b\u561b\u3002(\u9999\u6e2f\u61c9\u8a72\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u5b78\u8005\u4f86\u89e3\u8a71 \ufe50\u5c31\u7b97\u6709\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5920\u81bd\u4f01\u51fa\u4f86\ufe50\u516c\u7136\u8aaa\u652f\u6301\u4e82\u502b\u7378\u4ea4\u3002) \u597d\u4e86\ufe50\u6211\u7576\u9999\u6e2f\u50b3\u5a92\u7684\u5b78\u8b58\u54c1\u5473\u4f4e\u4fd7\ufe50\u6c92\u6709\u8a18\u8005\u61c2\u5f97\u9019\u9ebc\u5b78\u8853\u6027\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u90a3\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5168\u9999\u6e2f\u6c92\u6709\u4e00\u4efd\u5831\u7d19\ufe50\u5217\u51fa\u4e82\u502b\u5728\u6cd5\u570b\u662f\u5408\u6cd5\ufe50\u4eba\u7378\u4ea4\u5728\u897f\u6b50\u591a\u570b\ufe50\u5fb7\u570b\ufe50\u8377\u862d\ufe50 \u7aef\u5178\ufe50\u4fc4\u570b\ufe50\u4e39\u9ea5\u7b49\u662f\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u9019\u5169\u9805\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\ufe50\u8b93\u8b80\u8005\u89c0\u773e\u53bb\u81ea\u884c\u601d\u8003\u9019\u500b\u9053\u5fb7\u554f\u984c\u3002\u4e0a\u6b21\u5ee3\u7ba1\u5c40\u624d\u8aaa\u8981\u50b3\u5a92\u8981\u516c\u6b63\u6301\u5e73\ufe50\u4e0d\u77e5\u4eca\u6b21\u5ee3\u7ba1\u5c40\u53c8\u53d7\u4e0d\u53d7\u7406\u5462\ufe56<\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\ufe55\u70ba\u514d\u7d66\u4eba\u8aa4\u6703\u6211\u4fc2\u8b8a\u614b\ufe50\u6bcf\u6b21\u8aaa\u9019\u500b\u984c\u76ee\u6642\u6211\u4e5f\u8981\u91cd\u7533\u7acb\u5834\u3002\u6211\u53cd\u5c0d\u4e82\u502b\u548c\u7378\u4ea4\ufe50\u4f46\u6211\u4e0d\u53cd\u5c0d\u9f4b\u8aaa\u4e82\u502b\u6216\u7378\u4ea4\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u53cd\u5c0d\u6b7b\u5211\ufe50\u4f46\u4e0d\u53cd\u5c0d\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6b7b\u5211\u662f\u5426\u5408\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7d9c\u89c0\u9019\u6b21\u4e2d\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u5831\u7684\u60c5\u8272\u4e8b\u4ef6\ufe50\u9999\u6e2f\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u4eba\u5176\u5be6\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u628a\u9053\u5fb7\u4e8c\u5b57\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u610f\u601d\u3002\u9053\u5fb7\u5176\u5be6\u6709\u5206\u5169\u500b\u5c64\u9762\ufe55\u63cf\u8ff0\u9053\u5fb7(descriptive ethics)\u548c\u898f\u7bc4\u9053\u5fb7(normative ethics)\u3002\u524d\u8005\u662f\u53ea\u63cf\u8ff0\u67d0\u4e00\u793e\u6703\u5718\u9ad4\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u89c0\u5ff5\ufe50\u4f8b\u5982\u9999\u6e2f\u793e\u6703\u666e\u904d\u8a8d\u70ba\u4e82\u502b\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\ufe50\u56de\u6559\u793e\u6703\u666e\u904d\u8a8d\u70ba\u5973\u4eba\u4e0d\u5e36\u982d\u7d17\u662f\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u7b49\u3002\u5f8c\u8005\u5247\u662f\u5f9e\u7406\u6027\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6 \u53bb\u63a2\u8a0e\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u67d0\u4e00\u884c\u70ba\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\u6216\u662f\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u3002 \u9664\u975e\u95a3\u4e0b\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\u76f8\u5c0d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\ufe50\u5b8c\u5168\u5426\u8a8d\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u8fa8\u9053\u5fb7\u5c0d\u932f\ufe50\u53c8\u6216\u8005\u95a3\u4e0b\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u6703\u7368\u7acb\u601d\u8003\ufe50 \u8ddf\u8457\u5927\u968a\u4eba\u4e91\u4ea6\u4e91\u5730\u63a5\u53d7\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u5c0d\u932f\ufe50\u5426\u5247\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7121\u8996\u898f\u7bc4\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u82e5\u95a3\u4e0b\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\u76f8\u5c0d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\ufe50\u9053\u5fb7\u76f8\u5c0d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u5167\u5728\u77db\u76fe\u6211\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7528\u591a\u8aaa\u4e86\u3002\u82e5\u679c\u95a3\u4e0b\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\u6c11\u8403\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\ufe50\u90a3\u4f60\u8a72\u6176\u5e78\u81ea\u5df1\u51fa\u751f\u65bc\u6c11\u667a\u5c1a\u7b97\u958b\u660e\u7684\u9999\u6e2f\ufe50\u800c\u975e\u5854\u91cc\u73ed\u7d71\u6cbb\u4e0b\u7684\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u4e86\u3002 \u4e0d\u8ad6\u50b3\u5a92\u5831\u7d19\ufe50\u4fdd\u5b88\u6d3e\u6216\u958b\u660e\u6d3e\ufe50\u7d55\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u7684\u8a55\u8ad6\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u8aaa\u63cf \u8ff0\u9053\u5fb7\u3002\u59a8\u5ffd\u4e82\u502b\u548c\u7378\u4ea4\u65e9\u5df2\u7d66\u84cb\u68fa\u5b9a\u8ad6\u70ba\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6c92\u6709\u50b3\u5a92\u5920\u81bd\u5f9e\u898f\u7bc4\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u5c64\u9762\ufe50\u53bb\u63a2\u8a0e\u4e82\u502b\u548c\u7378\u4ea4\u662f\u5426\u771f\u7684\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u5462\ufe56 \u5404\u5927\u50b3\u5a92\u5728\u6279\u8a55\u4e2d\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u9918\ufe50\u81f3\u5c11\u4e5f\u6709\u61c9\u6709\u500b\u683c\u4ed4\u8aaa\u8aaa\u76f8\u53cd\u610f\u898b\ufe50\u8b1b\u8b1b\u67d0\u5916\u570b\u5b78\u8005\u8aaa\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e82\u502b\u548c\u7378\u4ea4\u662f\u5408\u4e4e\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u610f\u898b\u561b\u3002(\u9999\u6e2f\u61c9\u8a72\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u5b78\u8005\u4f86\u89e3\u8a71 \ufe50\u5c31\u7b97\u6709\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5920\u81bd\u4f01\u51fa\u4f86\ufe50\u516c\u7136\u8aaa\u652f\u6301\u4e82\u502b\u7378\u4ea4\u3002) \u597d\u4e86\ufe50\u6211\u7576\u9999\u6e2f\u50b3\u5a92\u7684\u5b78\u8b58\u54c1\u5473\u4f4e\u4fd7\ufe50\u6c92\u6709\u8a18\u8005\u61c2\u5f97\u9019\u9ebc\u5b78\u8853\u6027\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u90a3\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5168\u9999\u6e2f\u6c92\u6709\u4e00\u4efd\u5831\u7d19\ufe50\u5217\u51fa\u4e82\u502b\u5728\u6cd5\u570b\u662f\u5408\u6cd5\ufe50\u4eba\u7378\u4ea4\u5728\u897f\u6b50\u591a\u570b\ufe50\u5fb7\u570b\ufe50\u8377\u862d\ufe50 \u7aef\u5178\ufe50\u4fc4\u570b\ufe50\u4e39\u9ea5\u7b49\u662f\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u9019\u5169\u9805\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\ufe50\u8b93\u8b80\u8005\u89c0\u773e\u53bb\u81ea\u884c\u601d\u8003\u9019\u500b\u9053\u5fb7\u554f\u984c\u3002\u4e0a\u6b21\u5ee3\u7ba1\u5c40\u624d\u8aaa\u8981\u50b3\u5a92\u8981\u516c\u6b63\u6301\u5e73\ufe50\u4e0d\u77e5\u4eca\u6b21\u5ee3\u7ba1\u5c40\u53c8\u53d7\u4e0d\u53d7\u7406\u5462\ufe56 \u6ce8\ufe55\u70ba\u514d\u7d66\u4eba\u8aa4\u6703\u6211\u4fc2\u8b8a\u614b\ufe50\u6bcf\u6b21\u8aaa\u9019\u500b\u984c\u76ee\u6642\u6211\u4e5f\u8981\u91cd\u7533\u7acb\u5834\u3002\u6211\u53cd\u5c0d\u4e82\u502b\u548c\u7378\u4ea4\ufe50\u4f46\u6211\u4e0d\u53cd\u5c0d\u9f4b\u8aaa\u4e82\u502b\u6216\u7378\u4ea4\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u53cd\u5c0d\u6b7b\u5211\ufe50\u4f46\u4e0d\u53cd\u5c0d\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6b7b\u5211\u662f\u5426\u5408\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"lc_iscn_info":[],"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[6],"tags":[954],"class_list":["post-1280","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-_society","tag-954"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u5169\u7a2e\u9053\u5fb7 - \u54f2\u5b50\u6232 Philosophist\u2019s Camp<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u7d9c\u89c0\u9019\u6b21\u4e2d\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u5831\u7684\u60c5\u8272\u4e8b\u4ef6\ufe50\u9999\u6e2f\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u4eba\u5176\u5be6\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u628a\u9053\u5fb7\u4e8c\u5b57\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u610f\u601d\u3002\u9053\u5fb7\u5176\u5be6\u6709\u5206\u5169\u500b\u5c64\u9762\ufe55\u63cf\u8ff0\u9053\u5fb7(descriptive ethics)\u548c\u898f\u7bc4\u9053\u5fb7(normative\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2007\/05\/14\/\u5169\u7a2e\u9053\u5fb7\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u5169\u7a2e\u9053\u5fb7 - \u54f2\u5b50\u6232 Philosophist\u2019s Camp\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u7d9c\u89c0\u9019\u6b21\u4e2d\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u5831\u7684\u60c5\u8272\u4e8b\u4ef6\ufe50\u9999\u6e2f\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u4eba\u5176\u5be6\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u628a\u9053\u5fb7\u4e8c\u5b57\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u610f\u601d\u3002\u9053\u5fb7\u5176\u5be6\u6709\u5206\u5169\u500b\u5c64\u9762\ufe55\u63cf\u8ff0\u9053\u5fb7(descriptive ethics)\u548c\u898f\u7bc4\u9053\u5fb7(normative\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2007\/05\/14\/\u5169\u7a2e\u9053\u5fb7\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u54f2\u5b50\u6232 Philosophist\u2019s Camp\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/horace.org\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/horace.org\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2007-05-15T04:21:13+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2015-11-06T08:25:51+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"hevangel\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@horaceorg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@horaceorg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"hevangel\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/2007\\\/05\\\/14\\\/%e5%85%a9%e7%a8%ae%e9%81%93%e5%be%b7\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/2007\\\/05\\\/14\\\/%e5%85%a9%e7%a8%ae%e9%81%93%e5%be%b7\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"hevangel\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/c8d9e8e7a71d343b4b2c4ef4365cdb4c\"},\"headline\":\"\u5169\u7a2e\u9053\u5fb7\",\"datePublished\":\"2007-05-15T04:21:13+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2015-11-06T08:25:51+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/2007\\\/05\\\/14\\\/%e5%85%a9%e7%a8%ae%e9%81%93%e5%be%b7\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":4,\"commentCount\":4,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/c8d9e8e7a71d343b4b2c4ef4365cdb4c\"},\"keywords\":[\"\u9053\u5fb7\u54f2\u5b78\"],\"articleSection\":[\"\u653f\u6cbb\u7d93\u6fdf\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-CA\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/2007\\\/05\\\/14\\\/%e5%85%a9%e7%a8%ae%e9%81%93%e5%be%b7\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/2007\\\/05\\\/14\\\/%e5%85%a9%e7%a8%ae%e9%81%93%e5%be%b7\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/2007\\\/05\\\/14\\\/%e5%85%a9%e7%a8%ae%e9%81%93%e5%be%b7\\\/\",\"name\":\"\u5169\u7a2e\u9053\u5fb7 - \u54f2\u5b50\u6232 Philosophist\u2019s Camp\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2007-05-15T04:21:13+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2015-11-06T08:25:51+00:00\",\"description\":\"\u7d9c\u89c0\u9019\u6b21\u4e2d\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u5831\u7684\u60c5\u8272\u4e8b\u4ef6\ufe50\u9999\u6e2f\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u4eba\u5176\u5be6\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u628a\u9053\u5fb7\u4e8c\u5b57\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u610f\u601d\u3002\u9053\u5fb7\u5176\u5be6\u6709\u5206\u5169\u500b\u5c64\u9762\ufe55\u63cf\u8ff0\u9053\u5fb7(descriptive ethics)\u548c\u898f\u7bc4\u9053\u5fb7(normative\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/2007\\\/05\\\/14\\\/%e5%85%a9%e7%a8%ae%e9%81%93%e5%be%b7\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-CA\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/2007\\\/05\\\/14\\\/%e5%85%a9%e7%a8%ae%e9%81%93%e5%be%b7\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/2007\\\/05\\\/14\\\/%e5%85%a9%e7%a8%ae%e9%81%93%e5%be%b7\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\u5169\u7a2e\u9053\u5fb7\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/\",\"name\":\"\u54f2\u5b50\u6232 Philosophist\u2019s Camp\",\"description\":\"\u860b\u679c\u65e5\u5831\u4f5c\u8005 - \u9673\u99ac\uff1a\u66f8\u8a55\uff0c\u5f71\u8a55\uff0c\u52d5\u6f2b\uff0c\u65c5\u884c\uff0c\u54f2\u5b78\u7b46\u8a18\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/c8d9e8e7a71d343b4b2c4ef4365cdb4c\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-CA\"},{\"@type\":[\"Person\",\"Organization\"],\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/c8d9e8e7a71d343b4b2c4ef4365cdb4c\",\"name\":\"hevangel\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-CA\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/11\\\/spocky.jpg?fit=1313%2C1259&ssl=1\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/11\\\/spocky.jpg?fit=1313%2C1259&ssl=1\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/11\\\/spocky.jpg?fit=1313%2C1259&ssl=1\",\"width\":1313,\"height\":1259,\"caption\":\"hevangel\"},\"logo\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/11\\\/spocky.jpg?fit=1313%2C1259&ssl=1\"},\"sameAs\":[\"http:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/horace.org\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/author\\\/hevangel-2\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u5169\u7a2e\u9053\u5fb7 - \u54f2\u5b50\u6232 Philosophist\u2019s Camp","description":"\u7d9c\u89c0\u9019\u6b21\u4e2d\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u5831\u7684\u60c5\u8272\u4e8b\u4ef6\ufe50\u9999\u6e2f\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u4eba\u5176\u5be6\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u628a\u9053\u5fb7\u4e8c\u5b57\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u610f\u601d\u3002\u9053\u5fb7\u5176\u5be6\u6709\u5206\u5169\u500b\u5c64\u9762\ufe55\u63cf\u8ff0\u9053\u5fb7(descriptive ethics)\u548c\u898f\u7bc4\u9053\u5fb7(normative","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2007\/05\/14\/\u5169\u7a2e\u9053\u5fb7\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u5169\u7a2e\u9053\u5fb7 - \u54f2\u5b50\u6232 Philosophist\u2019s Camp","og_description":"\u7d9c\u89c0\u9019\u6b21\u4e2d\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u5831\u7684\u60c5\u8272\u4e8b\u4ef6\ufe50\u9999\u6e2f\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u4eba\u5176\u5be6\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u628a\u9053\u5fb7\u4e8c\u5b57\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u610f\u601d\u3002\u9053\u5fb7\u5176\u5be6\u6709\u5206\u5169\u500b\u5c64\u9762\ufe55\u63cf\u8ff0\u9053\u5fb7(descriptive ethics)\u548c\u898f\u7bc4\u9053\u5fb7(normative","og_url":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2007\/05\/14\/\u5169\u7a2e\u9053\u5fb7\/","og_site_name":"\u54f2\u5b50\u6232 Philosophist\u2019s Camp","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/horace.org","article_author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/horace.org","article_published_time":"2007-05-15T04:21:13+00:00","article_modified_time":"2015-11-06T08:25:51+00:00","author":"hevangel","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@horaceorg","twitter_site":"@horaceorg","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"hevangel"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2007\/05\/14\/%e5%85%a9%e7%a8%ae%e9%81%93%e5%be%b7\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2007\/05\/14\/%e5%85%a9%e7%a8%ae%e9%81%93%e5%be%b7\/"},"author":{"name":"hevangel","@id":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/c8d9e8e7a71d343b4b2c4ef4365cdb4c"},"headline":"\u5169\u7a2e\u9053\u5fb7","datePublished":"2007-05-15T04:21:13+00:00","dateModified":"2015-11-06T08:25:51+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2007\/05\/14\/%e5%85%a9%e7%a8%ae%e9%81%93%e5%be%b7\/"},"wordCount":4,"commentCount":4,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/c8d9e8e7a71d343b4b2c4ef4365cdb4c"},"keywords":["\u9053\u5fb7\u54f2\u5b78"],"articleSection":["\u653f\u6cbb\u7d93\u6fdf"],"inLanguage":"en-CA","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2007\/05\/14\/%e5%85%a9%e7%a8%ae%e9%81%93%e5%be%b7\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2007\/05\/14\/%e5%85%a9%e7%a8%ae%e9%81%93%e5%be%b7\/","url":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2007\/05\/14\/%e5%85%a9%e7%a8%ae%e9%81%93%e5%be%b7\/","name":"\u5169\u7a2e\u9053\u5fb7 - \u54f2\u5b50\u6232 Philosophist\u2019s Camp","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/#website"},"datePublished":"2007-05-15T04:21:13+00:00","dateModified":"2015-11-06T08:25:51+00:00","description":"\u7d9c\u89c0\u9019\u6b21\u4e2d\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u5831\u7684\u60c5\u8272\u4e8b\u4ef6\ufe50\u9999\u6e2f\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u4eba\u5176\u5be6\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u628a\u9053\u5fb7\u4e8c\u5b57\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u610f\u601d\u3002\u9053\u5fb7\u5176\u5be6\u6709\u5206\u5169\u500b\u5c64\u9762\ufe55\u63cf\u8ff0\u9053\u5fb7(descriptive ethics)\u548c\u898f\u7bc4\u9053\u5fb7(normative","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2007\/05\/14\/%e5%85%a9%e7%a8%ae%e9%81%93%e5%be%b7\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-CA","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2007\/05\/14\/%e5%85%a9%e7%a8%ae%e9%81%93%e5%be%b7\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2007\/05\/14\/%e5%85%a9%e7%a8%ae%e9%81%93%e5%be%b7\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u5169\u7a2e\u9053\u5fb7"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/","name":"\u54f2\u5b50\u6232 Philosophist\u2019s Camp","description":"\u860b\u679c\u65e5\u5831\u4f5c\u8005 - \u9673\u99ac\uff1a\u66f8\u8a55\uff0c\u5f71\u8a55\uff0c\u52d5\u6f2b\uff0c\u65c5\u884c\uff0c\u54f2\u5b78\u7b46\u8a18","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/c8d9e8e7a71d343b4b2c4ef4365cdb4c"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-CA"},{"@type":["Person","Organization"],"@id":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/c8d9e8e7a71d343b4b2c4ef4365cdb4c","name":"hevangel","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-CA","@id":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/spocky.jpg?fit=1313%2C1259&ssl=1","url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/spocky.jpg?fit=1313%2C1259&ssl=1","contentUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/spocky.jpg?fit=1313%2C1259&ssl=1","width":1313,"height":1259,"caption":"hevangel"},"logo":{"@id":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/spocky.jpg?fit=1313%2C1259&ssl=1"},"sameAs":["http:\/\/www.horace.org","https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/horace.org"],"url":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/author\/hevangel-2\/"}]}},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pwn21-kE","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":1518,"url":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2007\/10\/08\/%e8%b2%a9%e8%b3%a3%e5%ac%b0%e5%ad%a9\/","url_meta":{"origin":1280,"position":0},"title":"\u8ca9\u8ce3\u5b30\u5b69","author":"hevangel","date":"October 8, 2007","format":false,"excerpt":"\u6700\u8fd1\u5728\u5360\u5360\u5b57\u8d77\u7684\u7db2\u8a8c\u8a0e\u8ad6\u8ca9\u8ce3\u5b30\u5b69\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u7d55\u5927\u90e8\u4eba\u5305\u62ec\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\ufe50\u5f9e\u807d\u5230\u8ca9\u8ce3\u5b30\u5b69\u7684\u65b0\u805e\ufe50\u7e3d\u6703\u4e0b\u610f\u8b58\u53cd\u61c9\u5730\u6307\u6458\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u8ce3\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u6211\u5011\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u60f3\u904e\ufe50\u7a76\u7adf\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8ca9\u8ce3\u5b30\u5b69\u662f\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\ufe50\u7a76\u7adf\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u5728\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5730\u65b9\u5462\ufe56 \u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u5b50\u62d0\u8ce3\u5b30\u5b69\ufe50\u5f9e\u7236\u6bcd\u624b\u4e2d\u62d0\u8d70\u5b69\u5b50\ufe50\u7b49\u540c\u5077\u7aca\u5225\u4eba\u6700\u5bf6\u8cb4\u7684\u8ca1\u7522\ufe50\u525d\u596a\u5225\u4eba\u5929\u502b\u4e4b\u6a02\ufe50\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u3002\u8ca9\u8ce3\u5b30\u5b69\u4f5c\u98df\u7528\ufe50\u5974\u96b8\u6216\u5be6\u9a57\u7528\u9014\ufe50\u56b4\u91cd\u4fb5\u72af\u5b30\u5b69\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4eba\u6b0a\ufe50\u4e5f\u540c\u6a23\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u5728\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\ufe50\u8cb7\u8ce3\u96d9\u65b9\u4f60\u60c5\u6211\u9858\u7684\u91d1\u9322\u4ea4\u8cbf\ufe50\u53ea\u8981\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u53d7\u5230\u50b7\u5bb3\ufe50\u5225\u4eba\u5c31\u6c92\u6709\u7406\u7531\u53cd\u5c0d\u3002\u82e5\u679c\u990a\u7236\u6bcd\u628a\u5b30\u5152\u8996\u540c\u5df1\u51fa\ufe50\u5b30\u5b69\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u904e\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u5e78\u798f\ufe50\u751f\u7236\u6bcd\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u7b46\u91d1\u9322\ufe50\u8ca9\u8ce3\u5b30\u5b69\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4e09\u8d0f\u65b9\u6848\ufe50\u90a3\u9ebc\u8ca9\u8ce3\u5b30\u5b69\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6709\u554f\u984c\u5462\ufe56 \u53cd\u5c0d\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\u8ca9\u8ce3\u5b30\u5b69\u7b49\u540c\u5974\u96b8\u5236\u5ea6\ufe50\u628a\u5b30\u5b69\u8996\u70ba\u751f\u7236\u6bcd\u7684\u8ca1\u7522\ufe50\u53ef\u4ee5\u96a8\u610f\u51fa\u552e\u8f49\u8b93\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u5f9e\u73fe\u4ee3\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4eba\u6b0a\u89c0\u5ff5\u4f86\u8aaa\ufe50\u8ca9\u8ce3\u5b30\u5b69\u56b4\u683c\u4f86\u8aaa\u4e0d\u662f\u8ca9\u8ce3\u4eba\u53e3\ufe50\u53ea\u662f\u8f49\u8b93\u5b30\u5b69\u7684\u64ab\u990a\u6b0a\u3002\u8ca9\u8ce3\u5b30\u5b69\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u8907\u5408\u6168\u5ff5\ufe50\u53ef\u4ee5\u7d30\u5206\u70ba\u5169\u90e8\u4efd\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\u662f\u751f\u7236\u6bcd\u628a\u5b30\u5152\u7684\u64ab\u990a\u6b0a\u4ea4\u5408\u990a\u7236\u6bcd\ufe50\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u662f\u990a\u7236\u6bcd\u628a\u91d1\u9322\u4ea4\u7d66\u751f\u7236\u6bcd\u3002\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u91d1\u9322\u4ea4\u8cbf\ufe50\u4e26\u4e0d\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\u662f\u5426\u9053\u5fb7\u3002\u53cd\u4e4b\u82e5\u8f49\u79fb\u64ab\u990a\u6b0a\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u8a71\ufe50\u4e0d\u8ad6\u6536\u4e0d\u6536\u9322\u4e5f\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\ufe50\u4e0d\u6703\u56e0\u70ba\u6536\u4e86\u9322\ufe50\u5c31\u5ffd\u7136\u9593\u8b8a\u6210\u4e86\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u3002\u53cd\u5c0d\u8ca9\u8ce3\u5b30\u5b69\u7684\u4eba\ufe50\u4e26\u4e0d\u53cd\u5c0d\u751f\u7236\u6bcd\u7121\u689d\u4ef6\u8f49\u8b93\u64ab\u990a\u6b0a\ufe50\u5982\u628a\u5b30\u5b69\u4ea4\u7d66\u89aa\u53cb\u990a\u5927\u6216\u9001\u53bb\u5b64\u5152\u9662\ufe50\u53ef\u898b\u8f49\u8b93\u64ab\u990a\u6b0a\u672c\u8eab\u4e26\u975e\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\ufe50\u90a3\u8ca9\u8ce3\u5b30\u5b69\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u5c31\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u3002 \u53cd\u5c0d\u8005\u6703\u63d0\u51fa\u8ca9\u8ce3\u5b30\u5b69\u662f\u9055\u6cd5\u884c\u70ba\ufe50\u4f86\u4f5c\u70ba\u652f\u6301\u8ca9\u8ce3\u5b30\u5b69\u662f\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u7406\u7531\u3002\u6c92\u932f\ufe50\u8ca9\u8ce3\u5b30\u5b69\u72af\u6cd5\ufe50\u4f46\u72af\u6cd5\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e0d\u5408\u9053\u5fb7\ufe50\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0d\u5408\u60c5\u7406\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u9053\u5fb7\u8207\u5426\ufe50\u8207\u9019\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u662f\u5426\u72af\u6cd5\u6c92\u6709\u5fc5\u7136\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u7814\u7a76\u6cd5\u5f8b\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u7cbe\u795e\ufe50\u53bb\u5e6b\u52a9\u6211\u5011\u4e86\u89e3\u9019\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u662f\u5426\u9053\u5fb7\ufe50\u9084\u662f\u6cd5\u4f8b\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u5408\u9053\u5fb7\u9700\u8981\u4f5c\u51fa\u4fee\u6539\ufe50\u4f46\u55ae\u55ae\u6307\u51fa\u72af\u6cd5\u4e26\u4e0d\u80fd\u69cb\u6210\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u7406\u7531\u3002\u5728\u8ca9\u5b30\u5b30\u5b69\u4e0a\ufe50\u653f\u5e9c\u53ea\u8981\u6539\u8b8a\u6cd5\u4f8b\ufe50\u5bb9\u8a31\u7236\u6bcd\u8f49\u8b93\u76e3\u8b70\u6b0a\u6642\u6536\u53d6\u5229\u76ca\ufe50\u4e26\u5efa\u7acb\u9069\u7576\u7684\u76e3\u5bdf\u5236\u5ea6\ufe50\u4fdd\u969c\u5b30\u5b69\u5728\u990a\u7236\u6bcd\u5bb6\u4e2d\u7684\u5f85\u9047\ufe50\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u6c7a\u72af\u6cd5\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002 \u53cd\u5c0d\u8005\u6703\u7528\u5b30\u5b69\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u70ba\u53cd\u5c0d\u7406\u7531\ufe50\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u53ea\u6709\u7531\u751f\u7236\u6bcd\u64ab\u80b2\ufe50\u624d\u662f\u5c0d\u5b30\u5b69\u6700\u597d\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u3002\u53ef\u60dc\u9019\u500b\u7406\u7531\u8207\u73fe\u5be6\u7684\u6578\u64da\u4e0d\u4e4e\u3002\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u9078\u64c7\u9818\u990a\u5c0f\u5b69\u7684\u592b\u5a66\ufe50\u5c0d\u9818\u990a\u56de\u4f86\u5c0f\u5b69\u611b\u8b77\u6709\u52a0\ufe50\u7167\u9867\u548c\u88c1\u57f9\u4e26\u4e0d\u6bd4\u751f\u7236\u6bcd\u905c\u8272\u3002\u518d\u8005\u8650\u5f85\u5152\u7ae5\u500b\u6848\u5927\u591a\u767c\u751f\u5728\u751f\u7236\u6bcd\u4e0a\ufe50\u5c0f\u5b69\u5728\u4e00\u5c0d\u7a31\u8077\u7684\u990a\u7236\u6bcd\u5bb6\u4e2d\u6210\u9577\ufe50\u7d55\u5c0d\u6bd4\u8ddf\u8457\u4e00\u5c0d\u4e0d\u7a31\u8077\u7684\u751f\u7236\u6bcd\u66f4\u7406\u60f3\u3002\u8a66\u554f\u82e5\u751f\u7236\u6bcd\u72e0\u5fc3\u5730\u628a\u5c0f\u5b69\u62cb\u68c4\u8ce3\u51fa\ufe50\u4ed6\u5011\u6709\u600e\u6703\u662f\u7a31\u8077\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\ufe50\u5c0f\u5b69\u5b50\u8ddf\u8457\u4ed6\u5011\u9084\u6703\u6709\u5e78\u798f\u55ce\ufe56 \u6211\u8a8d\u70ba\u53cd\u5c0d\u8ca9\u8ce3\u5b30\u5b69\u8005\u63a8\u8ad6\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u932f\u4e86\ufe50\u4ed6\u5011\u53ea\u5f9e\u5b30\u5b69\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u51fa\u767c\ufe50\u4ee5\u4fdd\u969c\u5b30\u5b69\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u70ba\u5927\u524d\u984c\u3002\u504f\u504f\u6b63\u56e0\u70ba\u8ca9\u8ce3\u5b30\u5b69\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4e09\u8d0f\u65b9\u6848\ufe50\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5f9e\u9055\u53cd\u5b30\u5b69\u5229\u76ca\u5f97\u51fa\u8ca9\u8ce3\u5b30\u5b69\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u3002\u6211\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\u65b9\u5411\u5f9e\u7236\u6bcd\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u51fa\u767c\ufe50\u751f\u5152\u80b2\u5973\u662f\u7236\u6bcd\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\ufe50\u653e\u68c4\u64ab\u990a\u6b0a\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u8ca0\u8cac\u4efb\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u505a\u4e86\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u505a\u7684\u4ef6\u4e8b\u624d\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\ufe50\u6c92\u6709\u505a\u61c9\u8a72\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u4e5f\u540c\u6a23\u662f\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u3002\u4e0d\u8ad6\u662f\u5426\u6d89\u53ca\u91d1\u9322\u4ea4\u6613\ufe50\u7236\u6bcd\u6c92\u6709\u597d\u597d\u990a\u80b2\u5b30\u5b69\ufe50\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u5c31\u7b97\u5728\u7d93\u6fdf\u4e0d\u5bb9\u8a31\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\ufe50\u7236\u6bcd\u8feb\u65bc\u7121\u5948\u8981\u62cb\u68c4\u5c0f\u5b69\ufe50\u628a\u5b69\u5b50\u9001\u7d66\u5225\u4eba\u64ab\u990a\ufe50\u9019\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u5728\u73fe\u4ee3\u81ea\u7136\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7cbe\u795e\u4e2d\ufe50\u4e0d\u5bb9\u8a31\u6709\u4eba\u56e0\u70ba\u72af\u932f\u800c\u5f9e\u4e2d\u7372\u5f97\u5229\u76ca\u3002\u81ea\u9858\u653e\u68c4\u5c0f\u5b69\u64ab\u990a\u6b0a\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\ufe50\u6c92\u6709\u5c65\u884c\u4ed6\u5011\u990a\u80b2\u5c0f\u5b69\u7684\u7fa9\u52d9\ufe50\u6240\u4ee5\u6c92\u6709\u8cc7\u683c\u5f9e\u8ca9\u8ce3\u5c0f\u5b69\u4e2d\u7372\u53d6\u91d1\u9322\u5229\u76ca\ufe50\u56e0\u6b64\u6cd5\u4f8b\u624d\u5b9a\u660e\u8ca9\u8ce3\u5b30\u5b69\u662f\u72af\u6cd5\u884c\u70ba\u3002","rel":"","context":"In &quot;\u653f\u6cbb\u7d93\u6fdf&quot;","block_context":{"text":"\u653f\u6cbb\u7d93\u6fdf","link":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/category\/_society\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":1646,"url":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2007\/12\/17\/phil120-moral-philosophy-%e9%81%93%e5%be%b7%e5%93%b2%e5%ad%b8\/","url_meta":{"origin":1280,"position":1},"title":"PHIL120 Moral Philosophy \u9053\u5fb7\u54f2\u5b78","author":"hevangel","date":"December 17, 2007","format":false,"excerpt":"\u8aaa\u8d77\u9053\u5fb7\ufe50\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u6703\u806f\u60f3\u8d77\u6027\u884c\u70ba\ufe50\u5a5a\u5916\u60c5\u7b49\u984c\u76ee\ufe50\u5176\u5be6\u9019\u4e9b\u53ea\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u4efd\u3002\u9053\u5fb7\u5f88\u7b35\u570d\u5f88\u5ee3\u6cdb\ufe50\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u5206\u8fa8\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e8b\u60c5\u662f\u5c0d\ufe50\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e8b\u60c5\u662f\u932f\ufe50\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u5584\ufe50\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u60e1\u3002\u6211\u9019\u500b\u5b78\u671f\u4fee\u8b80\u4e86\u9053\u5fb7\u54f2\u5b78\u8ab2\ufe50\u63a2\u8a0e\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u9019\u8ab2\u9053\u5fb7\u54f2\u5b78\u662f\u4e00\u5e74\u7d1a\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\ufe50\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u7a2e\u5e7e\u767e\u4eba\u7684\u5927\u73ed\ufe50\u53ea\u6709\u4e09\u5341\u591a\u4eba\u7684\u5c0f\u73ed\u3002\u8b80\u54f2\u5b78\u4e0d\u80fd\u64e0\u5728\u5de8\u578b\u8b1b\u5ba4\u55ae\u5411\u63a5\u6536\u8ab2\u672c\u5167\u5bb9\ufe50\u5b78\u751f\u5fc5\u9808\u8207\u6559\u6388\u5728\u8ab2\u5802\u5167\u6709\u4e92\u52d5\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u4e00\u5e74\u7d1a\u5b78\u751f\u5927\u591a\u6578\u5f88\u5c11\u767c\u554f\ufe50\u4e0d\u77e5\u662f\u5bb3\u7f9e\u9084\u662f\u7121\u5fc3\u5411\u5b78\ufe50\u4e0a\u8ab2\u6642\u66f4\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u4eba\u62ff\u8457\u624b\u63d0\u96fb\u8166\u4e0a\u7db2\u3002\u53cd\u800c\u6211\u5011\u5e7e\u500b\u517c\u8b80\u7684\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\ufe50\u4e0a\u5802\u524d\u8b80\u719f\u6307\u5b9a\u95b1\u8b80\u8ab2\u6587\ufe50\u662f\u5802\u4e0a\u8207\u6559\u6388\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7684\u4e2d\u6d41\u627a\u67f1\ufe50\u4ee4\u5230\u8ab2\u5802\u7684\u6c23\u6c1b\u6d3b\u6f51\u4e0d\u5c11\ufe50\u6c92\u6709\u5927\u73ed\u6559\u5b78\u90a3\u9ebc\u6c89\u60b6\u3002 \u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u5ba2\u89c0\u6027 \u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u8ab2\u6642\u6559\u6388\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u958b\u5b97\u660e\u7fa9\ufe50\u660e\u78ba\u5730\u6307\u51fa\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u5c0d\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u8aa4\u89e3\u3002\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u76f8\u5c0d\u6027\u7684\ufe50\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u662f\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u89c0\u9ede\ufe50\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4f9d\u9644\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u6216\u6587\u5316\u4e0a\u3002\u82e5\u679c\u9053\u5fb7\u662f\u76f8\u5c0d\u6027\ufe50\u90a3\u9ebc\u5c31\u6c92\u6709\u7d55\u5c0d\u7684\u5c0d\u8207\u932f\ufe50\u4efb\u4f55\u6709\u95dc\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e5f\u6703\u8b8a\u5f97\u6c92\u6709\u610f\u7fa9\u3002\u67cf\u62c9\u5716\u65e9\u5df2\u6307\u51fa\u9053\u5fb7\u8207\u5b97\u6559\u6c92\u6709\u95dc\u4fc2\ufe50\u4e00\u4f86\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u80fd\u5ba2\u89c0\u5730\u4ee5\u795e\u4f5c\u70ba\u63a8\u8ad6\u7684\u8d77\u9ede\ufe50\u4e8c\u4f86\u795e\u8aed\u6c92\u6709\u5283\u4e00\u6027\ufe50\u660e\u65e5\u7684\u795e\u8aed\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a8\u7ffb\u4eca\u65e5\u7684\u795e\u8aed\ufe50\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4f5c\u5206\u8fa8\u5c0d\u932f\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\u3002\u9053\u5fb7\u5fc5\u5b9a\u8d85\u8d8a\u6587\u5316\u7684\u898f\u9650\u3002\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7121\u689d\u4ef6\u8a8d\u540c\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u5316\u7684\u6240\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u6e96\u6a19\ufe50\u96e3\u9053\u6709\u6587\u5316\u6703\u6bba\u5b30\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u6279\u8a55\u4ed6\u5011\u6709\u932f\u55ce\ufe56\u4e8c\u4f86\u6211\u5011\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u80fd\u6e05\u695a\u4ecb\u5b9a\u6587\u5316\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\ufe50\u96e3\u9053\u9ed1\u793e\u6703\u6587\u5316\u4e5f\u6709\u9ed1\u793e\u6703\u6bba\u4eba\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u55ce\ufe56\u9053\u5fb7\u5fc5\u5b9a\u662f\u4e00\u5957\u5ba2\u89c0\u7684\u666e\u4e16\u6a19\u6e96\ufe50\u4e0d\u8ad6\u4efb\u4f55\u6642\u9593\u4e5f\u662f\u653e\u8af8\u56db\u6d77\u7686\u6e96\u7684\u771f\u7406\u3002\u9053\u5fb7\u54f2\u5b78\u5c31\u662f\u627e\u51fa\u9019\u4e00\u5957\u5584\u60e1\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002 \u9019\u8ab2\u5206\u6210\u70ba\u5169\u500b\u90e8\u4efd\u3002\u524d\u534a\u90e8\u8b1b\u56db\u5927\u50b3\u7d71\u9053\u5fb7\u7406\u8ad6\ufe50\u5206\u5225\u662f\u529f\u7528\u4e3b\u7fa9\ufe50\u5eb7\u5fb7\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u8cac\u4efb\u8ad6\ufe50\u793e\u6703\u5951\u7d04\u8ad6\ufe50 \u548c\u4e9e\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\u7684\u5fb7\u884c\u8ad6\u3002\u6bcf\u500b\u9053\u5fb7\u7406\u8ad6\u4e5f\u6709\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\ufe50\u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u7406\u5730\u89e3\u91cb\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u554f\u984c\ufe50\u5982\u6bba\u4eba\ufe50\u5077\u7aca\u7b49\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u6bcf\u500b\u9053\u5fb7\u7406\u8ad6\u4e5f\u6709\u5176\u9650\u5236\u6027\ufe50\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5177\u722d\u8b70\u6027\u7684\u8ab2\u984c\ufe50\u63a1\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u914d\u5408\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u524d\u8a2d\ufe50\u6703\u5f97\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\ufe50\u9019\u6b63\u662f\u9019\u4e9b\u8b70\u984c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5177\u722d\u8b70\u6027\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u4e0b\u534a\u90e8\u63a2\u8a0e\u73fe\u4eca\u793e\u6703\u71b1\u9580\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u722d\u8b70\ufe50\u5305\u62ec\u5b89\u6a02\u6b7b\ufe50\u58ae\u80ce\ufe50\u6b7b\u5211\ufe50\u52d5\u7269\u6b0a\u76ca\ufe50\u74b0\u4fdd\u7b49\u8b70\u984c\u3002\u6559\u6388\u6703\u7f85\u4f8b\u6b63\u53cd\u76f8\u65b9\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u8ad6\u64da\ufe50\u7136\u5f8c\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u7406\u8ad6\u53bb\u4f5c\u6279\u5224\u601d\u8003\ufe50\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u770b\u6e05\u695a\u90a3\u4e9b\u8ad6\u64da\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u4e4b\u8655\u3002\u6bcf\u7bc7\u6307\u5b9a\u95b1\u8b80\u8ab2\u6587\u5747\u662f\u9019\u4e9b\u8ab2\u984c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8ad6\u6587\u3002\u6216\u8a31\u6211\u4e0d\u8a8d\u540c\u67d0\u4e9b\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u7acb\u5834\ufe50\u4f46\u5168\u90e8\u6587\u7ae0\u90fd\u5beb\u5f97\u5f88\u6709\u8aaa\u670d\u529b\ufe50\u662f\u5beb\u6279\u8ad6\u6027\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u6975\u597d\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u5c0d\u8c61\u3002 \u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u6703\u7c21\u55ae\u8b1b\u8ff0\u56db\u5927\u9053\u5fb7\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u5802\u4e0a\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u8ab2\u984c \ufe50\u56e0\u70ba\u6d89\u53ca\u592a\u591a\u63a8\u8ad6\u548c\u80cc\u666f\u8cc7\u6599\ufe50\u5f88\u96e3\u5728\u9019\u5152\u4f5c\u4e00\u500b\u7c21\u55ae\u7e3d\u7d50\ufe50\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u5728\u53e6\u5916\u64b0\u6587\u7d30\u8aaa\u3002\u6709\u8da3\u8207\u7684\u670b\u53cb\ufe50\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c3\u770b\u6211\u90a3\u5169\u7bc7\u6709\u95dc\u58ae\u80ce\u548c\u52d5\u7269\u6b0a\u76ca\u7684\u529f\u8ab2\u3002 \u529f\u7528\u4e3b\u7fa9 \u529f\u7528\u4e3b\u7fa9\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e00\u53e5\u8a71\u4f86\u7e3d\u7d50\ufe50\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0a\u7684\u5584\u6216\u5c0d\ufe50\u5c31\u662f\u7d66\u6700\u591a\u4eba\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5feb\u6a02\u3002\u529f\u7528\u4e3b\u7fa9\u53ef\u4ee5\u7d30\u5206\u70ba\u4e09\u500b\u90e8\u4efd\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\u662f\u7d50\u679c\u8ad6\ufe50\u4ee5\u7d50\u679c\u4f86\u8861\u91cf\u4e00\u4ef6\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u5c0d\u932f\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u4efd\u662f\u597d\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\ufe50\u5feb\u6a02\u5c31\u662f\u597d\ufe50\u75db\u82e6\u5c31\u662f\u58de\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u4efd\u5c31\u662f\u5e73\u7b49\u6027\ufe50\u5728\u8a08\u7b97\u529f\u7528\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u6642\ufe50\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u5feb\u6a02\u548c\u75db\u82e6\u4e5f\u4f54\u540c\u6a23\u6bd4\u91cd\u3002 \u529f\u7528\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u554f\u984c\ufe50\u5176\u5be6\u5206\u5225\u662f\u4e09\u90e8\u4efd\u7684\u5167\u5728\u554f\u984c\u3002\u82e5\u679c\u9053\u5fb7\u53ea\u7528\u7d50\u679c\u4f86\u8861\u91cf\ufe50\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u6703\u8b8a\u6210\u70ba\u6c42\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u64c7\u624b\u6bb5\ufe50\u6210\u70ba\u5927\u591a\u6578\u4eba\u4fb5\u72af\u5c0f\u6578\u4eba\u6b0a\u5229\u7684\u85c9\u53e3\u3002\u82e5\u679c\u5feb\u6a02\u5c31\u662f\u597d\ufe50\u75db\u82e6\u5c31\u662f\u58de\ufe50\u90a3\u9ebc\u7121\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u865b\u64ec\u4e16\u754c\u5c31\u662f\u6700\u597d\u7684\u4e16\u754c\ufe50\u90a3The Matrix\u7684\u96fb\u8166\u8c48\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u884c\u5584\u3002\u82e5\u679c\u6211\u7684\u5feb\u6a02\u548c\u975e\u6d32\u98e2\u6c11\u7684\u5feb\u6a02\u4e5f\u4f54\u540c\u6a23\u6bd4\u91cd\ufe50\u90a3\u9ebc\u6211\u628a\u9322\u82b1\u5728\u5403\u5927\u9910\u800c\u4e0d\u6350\u7d66\u98e2\u6c11\ufe50\u5728\u529f\u7528\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e2d\u5c31\u662f\u884c\u60e1\u3002\u5e73\u7b49\u6027\u4ee4\u5230\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u592a\u904e\u56b4\u683c\ufe50\u9053\u5fb7\u6703\u6dea\u70ba\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u6703\u8a8d\u771f\u57f7\u884c\u7a7a\u4e2d\u6a13\u95a3\u3002 \u5eb7\u5fb7\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u8cac\u4efb \u5eb7\u5fb7\u8a8d\u70ba\u9053\u5fb7\u662f\u5ba2\u89c0\u6027\ufe50\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u7406\u6027\u53bb\u63a8\u8ad6\u51fa\u4f86\u3002\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u52d5\u6a5f\u662f\u5206\u8fa8\u4e00\u500b\u884c\u70ba\u5584\u60e1\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\u3002\u82e5\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u505a\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\ufe50\u662f\u51fa\u65bc\u60f3\u9054\u5230\u67d0\u4e9b\u76ee\u7684\ufe50\u9019\u4ef6\u4e8b\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u5584\u3002\u82e5\u4ed6\u5728\u505a\u540c\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\ufe50\u4ed6\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u6c42\u9054\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u76ee\u7684\ufe50\u4ed6\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u51fa\u65bc\u9053\u5fb7\u8cac\u4efb\ufe50\u4ed6\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u884c\u5584\u3002\u9053\u5fb7\u8cac\u4efb\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u70ba\u5169\u7a2e\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u7a2e\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u8cac\u4efb\ufe50\u4eba\u4e0d\u8ad6\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u6642\u5019\u4e5f\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\ufe50\u5982\u6bba\u4eba\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a2e\u662f\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u8cac\u4efb\ufe50\u4eba\u61c9\u8a72\u8981\u9593\u4e2d\u505a\ufe50\u4f46\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4efb\u4f55\u6642\u9593\u4e5f\u505a\ufe50\u5982\u6350\u9322\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u6709\u4eba\u90a3\u4e9b\u9053\u5fb7\u8cac\u4efb\ufe50\u4ed6\u63d0\u4f9b\u5169\u500b\u6aa2\u5b9a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u9ec3\u91d1\u5b9a\u5f8b\u3002\u7c21\u55ae\u4f86\u8aaa\u5c31\u662f\u5df2\u6240\u4e0d\u6b32\ufe50\u52ff\u65bd\u65bc\u4eba\u3002\u82e5\u679c\u4f60\u4e0d\u60f3\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u90fd\u505a\u4e00\u500b\u884c\u70ba\ufe50\u53c8\u6216\u8005\u908f\u8f2f\u4e0a\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u90fd\u505a\u540c\u4e00\u884c\u70ba\ufe50\u9019\u500b\u884c\u70ba\u5c31\u662f\u60e1\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u500b\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4ee5\u4eba\u70ba\u672c\ufe50\u7c21\u55ae\u4f86\u8aaa\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u4ed6\u4eba\u4f5c\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u4e5f\u6709\u7406\u6027\ufe50\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u4e3b\u4f5c\u51fa\u6c7a\u5b9a\ufe50\u82e5\u679c\u5229\u7528\u4ed6\u4eba\u4f5c\u70ba\u5de5\u5177\ufe50\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u5c0a\u91cd\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u6027\ufe50\u5426\u5b9a\u4ed6\u5011\u4f5c\u51fa\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002 \u5eb7\u5fb7\u9053\u5fb7\u8cac\u4efb\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u5169\u5927\u554f\u984c\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\ufe50\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u884c\u70ba\u82e5\u914d\u4e0a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u52d5\u6a5f\ufe50\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5de6\u53f3\u662f\u5426\u901a\u904e\u9ec3\u91d1\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\ufe50\u9053\u5fb7\u8cac\u4efb\u8ad6\u63a8\u8ad6\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f88\u660e\u986f\u9055\u53cd\u5e38\u8b58\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\ufe50\u6700\u51fa\u540d\u7684\u662f\u6bba\u624b\u6572\u9580\u7684\u5169\u96e3\u984c\u3002\u82e5\u679c\u6709\u500b\u4eba\u88ab\u58de\u4eba\u8ffd\u6bba\u8eb2\u85cf\u5728\u4f60\u5bb6\ufe50\u6bba\u624b\u4f86\u6572\u4f60\u9580\u554f\u4f60\u77e5\u4e0d\u77e5\u90a3\u500b\u4eba\u5728\u90a3\u88cf\u3002\u5eb7\u5fb7\u8a8d\u70ba\u5c0d\u6bba\u624b\u8aaa\u8b0a\u662f\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\ufe50\u4f60\u61c9\u8a72\u8981\u4f9b\u51fa\u90a3\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u85cf\u8eab\u5730\u9ede\ufe50\u597d\u8b93\u4ed6\u7d66\u6bba\u624b\u6bba\u5bb3\u3002 \u793e\u6703\u5951\u7d04\u8ad6 \u793e\u6703\u5951\u7d04\u8ad6\u8a8d\u70ba\u9053\u5fb7\u53ea\u662f\u4eba\u8207\u4eba\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u5951\u7d04\ufe50\u8b93\u4eba\u985e\u53ef\u4ee5\u751f\u6d3b\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u597d\u3002\u8a66\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u500b\u6c92\u6709\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6c92\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u5730\u65b9\ufe50\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u4e5f\u6709\u81ea\u7531\u4f5c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u6191\u529b\u91cf\u9577\u4e45\u7d71\u6cbb\ufe50\u9019\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u5c07\u6210\u70ba\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u8207\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u70ba\u6575\u7684\u53ef\u6015\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u4eba\u985e\u51fa\u65bc\u7406\u6027\u548c\u81ea\u5229\u7684\u5929\u6027\ufe50\u5c31\u6703\u8d70\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u5546\u8b70\ufe50\u9054\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u7d04\u675f\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u5171\u8b58\ufe50\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u4e00\u500b\u5927\u5bb6\u80fd\u5920\u5b89\u5c45\u6a02\u696d\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u79e9\u5e8f\u3002\u9053\u5fb7\u5c31\u662f\u4eba\u8207\u4eba\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u689d\u7d04\ufe50\u898f\u5b9a\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u6b0a\u5229\u548c\u7fa9\u52d9\u3002 \u793e\u6703\u5951\u7d04\u8ad6\u6709\u5169\u500b\u554f\u984c\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\ufe50\u793e\u6703\u5951\u7d04\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u5fc5\u7136\u5730\u9700\u8981\u5168\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u53c3\u8207\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u4eba\u7c3d\u5b9a\u548c\u7d04\u6709\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u529b\u91cf\ufe50\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c0d\u5269\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u5c0f\u90e8\u4efd\u4eba\u70ba\u6240\u6b32\u70ba\u3002\u793e\u6703\u5951\u7d04\u4e0d\u80fd\u89e3\u91cb\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7a2e\u65cf\u6b67\u8996\u6216\u6027\u5225\u6b67\u8996\u662f\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\ufe50\u5728\u793e\u6703\u5951\u7d04\u4e2d\ufe50\u53ea\u6709\u80fd\u5920\u5c65\u884c\u9053\u5fb7\u7fa9\u52d9\u8005\ufe50\u624d\u6709\u53c3\u8207\u5951\u7d04\u7684\u8cc7\u683c\ufe50\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u64c1\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u6b0a\u5229\u7684\u4fdd\u8b77\u3002\u793e\u6703\u5951\u7d04\u4e0d\u80fd\u89e3\u91cb\u5c0f\u5b69\u6216\u667a\u969c\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4eba\u6b0a\u3002 \u4e9e\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\u7684\u5fb7\u884c\u8ad6 \u5fb7\u884c\u8ad6\u8207\u5148\u524d\u4e09\u5927\u9053\u5fb7\u7406\u8ad6\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5148\u524d\u4e09\u5927\u9053\u5fb7\u7406\u8ad6\ufe50\u662f\u5957\u5206\u8fa8\u4e00\u500b\u884c\u70ba\u662f\u5584\u662f\u60e1\u7684\u6e96\u5247\u3002\u5fb7\u884c\u8ad6\u5247\u628a\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5584\u60e1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u3002\u5584\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u662f\u51fa\u65bc\u4eba\u6027\u4e2d\u597d\u7684\u672c\u8cea\ufe50\u60e1\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u662f\u51fa\u653e\u4eba\u6027\u4e2d\u60e1\u7684\u672c\u8cea\u3002\u4e9e\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\u6c7a\u5b9a\u672c\u8cea\u597d\u58de\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\ufe50\u7c21\u55ae\u5730\u8aaa\u5c31\u662f\u5b54\u5b50\u7684\u4e2d\u5eb8\u4e4b\u9053\u3002\u5169\u500b\u6975\u7aef\u5c31\u662f\u58de\ufe50\u5728\u6975\u7aef\u4e2d\u9593\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u597d\u3002\u8209\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\ufe50\u52c7\u6c23\u662f\u597d\u7684\u672c\u8cea\ufe50\u4f46\u592a\u5c11\u52c7\u6c23\u662f\u61e6\u5f31\ufe50\u592a\u591a\u52c7\u6c23\u5c31\u662f\u597d\u52c7\u9b25\u72e0\ufe50\u5169\u500b\u6975\u7aef\u662f\u58de\u7684\u672c\u8cea\u3002\u884c\u5584\u53ef\u4ee5\u57f9\u990a\u597d\u7684\u672c\u8cea\ufe50\u597d\u7684\u672c\u8cea\u5c31\u662f\u5feb\u6a02\u4e4b\u9053\ufe50\u800c\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u5c31\u662f\u8ffd\u6c42\u5feb\u6a02\u3002 \u5fb7\u884c\u8ad6\u807d\u8d77\u4f86\u597d\u50cf\u6c92\u6709\u554f\u984c\ufe50\u53ef\u662f\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u61c9\u5982\u4f55\u5206\u8faf\u5584\u60e1\u5b8c\u5168\u6c92\u6709\u5e6b\u52a9\u3002\u4e9e\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\u6c92\u6709\u8aaa\u660e\ufe50\u5982\u4f55\u5283\u5206\u597d\u58de\u672c\u8cea\u7684\u754c\u7dda\u3002\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6bba\u662f\u6975\u7aef\ufe50\u898b\u4e00\u500b\u6bba\u4e00\u500b\u4e5f\u662f\u6975\u7aef\ufe50\u4e2d\u5eb8\u4e4b\u9053\u8c48\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u6bba\u4e00\u534a\u4eba\ufe56","rel":"","context":"In &quot;\u54f2\u5b78&quot;","block_context":{"text":"\u54f2\u5b78","link":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/category\/_philosophy\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2007\/12\/51ys3xyforl_ss500_.jpg?fit=500%2C500&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":3399,"url":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2009\/09\/16\/%e8%ab%96%e7%9b%a1%e6%98%8e%e5%85%89%e7%a4%be-%e5%bc%b5%e5%9c%8b%e6%a3%9f\/","url_meta":{"origin":1280,"position":2},"title":"\u8ad6\u76e1\u660e\u5149\u793e &#8211; \u5f35\u570b\u68df","author":"hevangel","date":"September 16, 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"\u65e9\u5728\u4e2d\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u5831\u4e82\u502b\u554f\u5377\ufe50\u53cd\u540c\u6027\u6200\u6b67\u8996\u6cd5\ufe50\u6deb\u5be9\u689d\u4fee\u5b9a\u6848\u4ee5\u524d\ufe50\u6211\u5df1\u5341\u5206\u7559\u610f\u660e\u5149\u793e\u7684\u52d5\u5411\u3002\u7562\u7adf\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7db2\u4e0a\u8ad6\u58c7\u65e5\u5b50\u4e0d\u6dfa\ufe50\u770b\u8457\u660e\u5149\u793e\u7d50\u96c6\u6559\u5167\u4fdd\u5b88\u52e2\u529b\ufe50\u5f9e\u6436\u4f54\u6559\u5167\u7684\u8a00\u8ad6\u7a7a\u9593\ufe50\u5230\u6f38\u6f38\u6d3b\u8e8d\u65bc\u4e3b\u6d41\u50b3\u5a92\ufe50\u5f9e\u53bb\u4fe1\u5f71\u8996\u8655\u6295\u8a34\u96fb\u8996\u7bc0\u76ee\u4e0d\u96c5\ufe50\u5230\u56b4\u5982\u81ea\u5c01\u70ba\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4ee3\u8a00\u4eba\ufe50\u8981\u6253\u4e00\u5834\u793e\u6703\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u8056\u6230\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u660e\u5149\u793e\u537b\u6dea\u70ba\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u8ca0\u8cc7\u7522\ufe50\u5176\u504f\u6fc0\u8a00\u8ad6\u7834\u58de\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u5fc3\u4e2d\u7684\u5370\u8c61\ufe50\u8b93\u5916\u9593\u4ee5\u70ba\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7686\u5c6c\u53cd\u667a\u3002\u5728\u6559\u5167\u7406\u6027\u958b\u660e\u7684\u8072\u97f3\u5728\u6df9\u6c92\u4e4b\u969b\ufe50\u5f35\u570b\u68df\u5f1f\u5144\u633a\u8eab\u800c\u51fa\u5beb\u300a\u8ad6\u76e1\u660e\u5149\u793e\u300b\u4e00\u66f8\ufe50\u7fa9\u6b63\u56b4\u8a5e\u5730\u6307\u6b63\u660e\u5149\u793e\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\ufe50\u5e0c\u671b\u4ed6\u5011\u80fd\u5920\u8ff7\u9014\u77e5\u8fd4\ufe50\u4e0d\u518d\u6557\u58de\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u540d\u8072\u3002 \u6211\u8a8d\u8b58\u5f35\u570b\u68df\u4e5f\u6709\u597d\u4e00\u6bb5\u65e5\u5b50\ufe50\u4ed6\u5275\u7acb\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4eba\u6587\u5b78\u6703\ufe50\u8b93\u4e0d\u7518\u6d17\u8166\u559c\u6b61\u601d\u8003\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\ufe50\u5728\u65e5\u6f38\u8b8a\u6210\u4e00\u8a00\u5802\u7684\u6559\u6703\u5167\ufe50\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u7247\u5021\u6240\u6b32\u8a00\u4e92\u76f8\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u3002\u6240\u88cf\u8588\u805a\u5f88\u591a\u8b80\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u6559\u53cb\ufe50\u5927\u5bb6\u8a0e\u8ad6\u795e\u5b78\ufe50\u6559\u6703\u548c\u793e\u6703\u7684\u554f\u984c\u523a\u6fc0\u601d\u8003\ufe50\u9084\u6709\u7db2\u4e0a\u8b80\u66f8\u6703\u4e92\u76f8\u5171\u52c9\u95b1\u8b80\u7d93\u5178\u9245\u8457\u3002\u5f35\u570b\u68df\u96d6\u7136\u8eab\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u653b\u8b80\u54f2\u5b78\u535a\u58eb\ufe50\u4ed6\u9084\u5fc3\u7e6b\u9999\u6e2f\u6559\u6703\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u52d5\u5411\u3002\u770b\u898b\u9999\u6e2f\u6559\u6703\u88ab\u53cd\u667a\u4eba\u4ed5\u58df\u7e7c\ufe50\u4e0d\u7981\u63d0\u8d77\u7b46\u687f\u5beb\u6587\u7ae0\ufe50\u5e0c\u671b\u559a\u9192\u6559\u5167\u7406\u667a\u7684\u8072\u97f3\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u5f35\u570b\u68df\u51fa\u65bc\u5584\u610f\u7684\u8aeb\u8a00\u4e26\u672a\u88ab\u63a5\u53d7\ufe50\u53cd\u800c\u660e\u5149\u793e\u8a8d\u70ba\u5fe0\u8a00\u9006\u8033\u4e0d\u9858\u807d\ufe50\u9084\u4ee5\u975e\u53cb\u5373\u6575\u7684\u601d\u7dad\u628a\u5f35\u570b\u68df\u6b78\u5165\u6975\u7aef\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e00\u4f19\ufe50\u53ea\u5dee\u5728\u672a\u628a\u5047\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u6a19\u7c3d\u8aaa\u51fa\u53e3\u3002 \u9019\u672c\u66f8\u8a18\u9304\u904e\u53bb\u6578\u5e74\ufe50\u660e\u5149\u793e\u5728\u793e\u6703\u9053\u5fb7\u8b70\u984c\u7684\u8ad6\u8ff0\u3002\u660e\u5149\u7b46\u5728\u7db2\u4e0a\u548c\u6559\u5167\u5916\u50b3\u5a92\ufe50\u5c0d\u7570\u898b\u8005\u767c\u52d5\u7b46\u6230\u548c\u7f75\u6230\ufe50\u9084\u62ab\u8d77\u7406\u6027\u5047\u9762\u5177\u53bb\u6b3a\u9a19\u7121\u77e5\u6559\u773e\ufe50\u904b\u7528\u6559\u5167\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u70ba\u6559\u5f92\u6d17\u8166\u3002\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u4e26\u975e\u8a0e\u8ad6\u9053\u5fb7\u984c\u8b70\u4e0a\u7684\u5c0d\u932f\ufe50\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u4ee5\u6211\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u5f35\u570b\u68df\u4e26\u975e\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\ufe50\u4ed6\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u8b70\u984c\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u4e5f\u9817\u4fdd\u5b88\u3002\u4ed6\u6191\u8457\u77e5\u8b58\u4efd\u5b50\u7684\u826f\u5fc3\ufe50\u770b\u4e0d\u904e\u660e\u5149\u793e\u7684\u53cd\u667a\u8a00\u8ad6\ufe50\u4e0d\u6015\u958b\u7f6a\u6559\u5167\u6b0a\u8cb4\u81ea\u7d55\u7c73\u8def\ufe50\u4e5f\u8981\u7ad9\u51fa\u70ba\u771f\u7406\u8aaa\u8a71\ufe50\u904b\u7528\u56b4\u7dca\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u601d\u7dad\ufe50\u5256\u6790\u660e\u5149\u793e\u8a00\u8ad6\u7684\u7a2e\u7a2e\u8b2c\u8aa4\ufe50\u5e0c\u904b\u80fd\u85c9\u6b64\u66f8\u4ee5\u6b63\u8996\u807d\u3002 \u82e5\u679c\u4f60\u4e0d\u662f\u6559\u5f92\u4e26\u6df1\u6df1\u75db\u6068\u660e\u5149\u793e\u7684\u6240\u4f5c\u6240\u70ba\ufe50\u770b\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u5fc5\u5b9a\u5927\u547c\u904e\u766e\ufe50\u5c31\u50cf\u770b\u674e\u5929\u547d\u523a\u7834\u6881\u4e00\u6ce1\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u770b\u7f77\u6b64\u66f8\u5f8c\ufe50\u5e0c\u671b\u4f60\u5011\u80fd\u5c0d\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6709\u6240\u6539\u89c0\ufe50\u4e00\u8981\u4e00\u7af9\u7bd9\u6253\u4e00\u8239\u4eba\ufe50\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e0d\u662f\u5fc5\u7136\u5730\u53cd\u667a\u3002\u82e5\u679c\u4f60\u662f\u6559\u5f92\u4f46\u4e0d\u8a8d\u540c\u660e\u5149\u793e\ufe50\u53c8\u602f\u65bc\u6559\u5167\u58d3\u529b\u82e6\u7121\u767c\u8072\u6a5f\u6703\ufe50\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u80fd\u5920\u8b93\u4f60\u91cd\u71c3\u5e0c\u671b\ufe50\u8b93\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u5b64\u8ecd\u4f5c\u6230\ufe50\u6559\u5167\u4e5f\u6709\u77e5\u97f3\u4eba\u3002\u82e5\u679c\u4f60\u662f\u6559\u5f92\u4e26\u50be\u5411\u652f\u6301\u660e\u5149\u793e\ufe50\u5e0c\u671b\u4f60\u80fd\u5920\u597d\u597d\u7d30\u95b1\u8b80\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u3002\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u884c\u6587\u5e73\u5be6\u8fd1\u4e4e\u5b78\u8853\u8ad6\u6587\ufe50\u6709\u5225\u660e\u5149\u793e\u8a34\u8af8\u60c5\u7dd2\u8fd1\u4e4e\u6311\u64a5\u5f0f\u8a00\u8a9e\ufe50\u7406\u61c9\u4e0d\u6703\u5247\u5f15\u767c\u53cd\u5c04\u689d\u4ef6\u5f0f\u7684\u53cd\u5c0d\ufe50\u53ef\u4ee5\u53cd\u7701\u601d\u8003\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u548c\u53d6\u5411\ufe50\u518d\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7518\u5fc3\u7e7c\u7e8c\u660e\u5149\u793e\u64cd\u63a7\u3002\u82e5\u4e0d\u80af\u4f60\u662f\u660e\u5149\u793e\u7684\u6b7b\u5fe0\u652f\u6301\u8005\ufe50\u5c31\u66f4\u52a0\u8981\u8cb7\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u4e86\ufe50\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u662f\u5e02\u9762\u4e0a\u552f\u4e0a\u6562\u5c0d\u660e\u5149\u793e\u8aaa\u4e0d\u7684\u66f8\u85c9\ufe50\u600e\u80fd\u4e0d\u8cb7\u56de\u4f86\u711a\u4e4b\u800c\u5f8c\u5feb\u5462\ufe56 \u6211\u5c0d\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u6295\u8a34\ufe50\u662f\u90a3\u500b\u5225\u51fa\u5fc3\u88c1\u7684\u5c01\u9762\u8a2d\u8a08\u3002\u5c01\u9762\u6bd4\u5167\u9801\u77ed\u7d04\u4e00\u540b\ufe50\u66f8\u9802\u9732\u51fa\u6c92\u6709\u66f8\u9762\u4fdd\u8b77\u7684\u5167\u9801\u3002\u6211\u6536\u5230\u66f8\u6642\u9084\u4ee5\u70ba\u91d8\u88dd\u932f\u8aa4\ufe50\u5411\u5f35\u570b\u68df\u67e5\u5f8c\u624d\u77e5\u662f\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\ufe50\u7a81\u986f\u51fa\u9019\u66f8\u5167\u5bb9\u662f\u6559\u5167\u7684\u89c0\u5bdf\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u7d50\u679c\u56e0\u70ba\u66f8\u9802\u6c92\u6709\u66f8\u9762\u7684\u7834\u7d19\u4fdd\u8b77\ufe50\u7d50\u679c\u982d\u5e7e\u66f8\u9801\u66f8\u9802\u7d66\u5f04\u5f97\u53c8\u76ba\u53c8\u6b98\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u518d\u7248\u6642\u80fd\u5920\u5411\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u53cd\u6620\u554f\u984c\ufe50\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u66f8\u9762\u4fbf\u5df2\u7d93\u5f88\u597d\u4e86\ufe50\u4e0d\u9700\u5f04\u4e9b\u4e0d\u5be6\u7528\u7684\u82b1\u6b3e\u3002 \u770b\u7562\u6b64\u66f8\u5c0d\u660e\u5149\u793e\u7684\u7167\u5996\u93e1\u611f\u8208\u8da3\u7684\u670b\u53cb\ufe50\u4e0d\u59a8\u53bb\u5f35\u570b\u68df\u548c\u5e7e\u4f4d\u6559\u5167\u7406\u6027\u8072\u97f3\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u70af\u8ad6\u535a\u5ba2\ufe50\u7e7c\u7e8c\u8ffd\u8cbc\u660e\u5bdf\u660e\u5149\u793e\u7684\u4e00\u8209\u4e00\u52d5\u3002","rel":"","context":"In &quot;\u5b97\u6559&quot;","block_context":{"text":"\u5b97\u6559","link":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/category\/_religions\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/09\/cover142029.jpg?fit=848%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/09\/cover142029.jpg?fit=848%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/09\/cover142029.jpg?fit=848%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/09\/cover142029.jpg?fit=848%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1113,"url":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2007\/01\/06\/same-sex-debating-the-ethics-science-and-culture-of-homosexuality-john-corvino\/","url_meta":{"origin":1280,"position":3},"title":"Same Sex, debating the ethics, science, and culture of homosexuality &#8211; John Corvino","author":"hevangel","date":"January 6, 2007","format":false,"excerpt":"\u53bb\u5e74\u6211\u5c0d\u540c\u6027\u6200\u7522\u751f\u8208\u8da3\ufe50\u7576\u7136\u6211\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u60f3\u505a\u57fa\u4f6c\ufe50\u800c\u662f\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u6b63\u901a\u904e\u540c\u6027\u5a5a\u59fb\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\ufe50\u540c\u6027\u6200\u9019\u500b\u8b70\u984c\u5728\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u5f15\u8d77\u5ee3\u6cdb\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002\u6211\u95b1\u8b80\u4e0d\u5c11\u652f\u6301\u548c\u53cd\u5c0d\u540c\u6027\u6200\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\ufe50\u53ef\u662f\u6211\u8a8d\u70ba\u96d9\u65b9\u7684\u7406\u64da\u4e5f\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u554f\u984c\u3002\u6211\u5beb\u6587\u7ae0\u63a2\u8a0e\u6709\u5225\u65bc\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u689d\u8def\u53cd\u540c\u7406\u8ad6\ufe50\u70ba\u6b64\u6211\u5728\u7db2\u4e0a\u8207\u652f\u6301\u540c\u6027\u6200\u8005\u5c55\u958b\u7b46\u6230\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u4ed6\u5011\u53cd\u5c0d\u6211\u7684\u7406\u64da\u4e0d\u5145\u4efd\ufe50\u4f46\u8207\u4ed6\u5011\u8fa8\u8ad6\u6642\u6211\u4ea6\u611f\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u5c0d\u540c\u6027\u6200\u8a8d\u8b58\u4e0d\u5920\u6df1\u5165\u3002\u525b\u5de7\u770b\u898b\u6709\u7db2\u4e0a\u6709\u9019\u66f8\u7684\u8b80\u66f8\u7d44\u4fbf\u53c3\u52a0\u4e86\ufe50\u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u66f8\u53cb\u7684\u652f\u6301\u548c\u4e92\u76f8\u7763\u4fc3\u4e0b\ufe50\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5b8c\u9019\u672c\u8271\u6df1\u7684\u85c9\u4f5c\u3002 \u9019\u672c\u66f8\u6536\u96c6\u591a\u7bc7\u6709\u95dc\u540c\u6027\u6200\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\ufe50\u6b63\u53cd\u76f8\u65b9\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u6885\u82b1\u9593\u7af9\u5730\u6536\u9304\ufe50\u80fd\u5920\u5e73\u8861\u5730\u5e36\u51fa\u540c\u6027\u6200\u7684\u8faf\u8ad6\u3002\u5168\u66f8\u5206\u70ba\u56db\u500b\u90e8\u4efd\ufe50\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\u63a2\u8a0e\u540c\u6027\u6200\u5728\u9053\u5fb7\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u4e2d\u7684\u5c0d\u932f\ufe50\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u4efd\u5247\u662f\u6709\u95dc\u540c\u6027\u6200\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\ufe50\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u4efd\u5f9e\u6b77\u53f2\u89d2\u5ea6\u53bb\u5206\u91cb\u540c\u6027\u6200\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u554f\u984c\ufe50\u7b2c\u56db\u90e8\u4efd\u5247\u8b1b\u662f\u6709\u95dc\u540c\u6027\u6200\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u3002\u8b80\u66f8\u7d44\u70ba\u671f\u4e8c\u5341\u500b\u661f\u671f\ufe50\u6bcf\u500b\u661f\u671f\u9078\u8b80\u66f8\u4e2d\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\ufe50\u95b1\u8b80\u5f8c\u7d44\u54e1\u5230\u7db2\u4e0a\u8ad6\u58c7\u4e00\u8d77\u8a0e\u8ad6\u8a72\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u6bcf\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5e73\u5747\u4e8c\u4e09\u5341\u9801\ufe50\u6211\u5927\u6168\u6bcf\u661f\u671f\u53ea\u9700\u82b1\u534a\u5c0f\u6642\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5b8c\ufe50\u52a0\u4e0a\u80fd\u5920\u8207\u7d44\u54e1\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\ufe50\u8b80\u5b8c\u9019\u672c\u5f88\u5b78\u8853\u6027\u5f88\u6c89\u60b6\u7684\u66f8\u4e5f\u4e0d\u592a\u8f9b\u82e6\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u53ef\u60dc\u7684\u662f\u6700\u521d\u8b80\u66f8\u7d44\u6709\u4e8c\u5341\u591a\u4eba\ufe50\u5230\u6700\u5f8c\u53ea\u6709\u6211\u548c\u7d44\u9577\u5169\u4eba\u5b8c\u6210\u5168\u90e8\u4e8c\u5341\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\ufe50\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u534a\u9014\u653e\u68c4\u4e86\u3002 \u7b2c\u4e00\u7bc7\u95b1\u8b80 Why Shouldn't Tommy and Jim Have Sex? A Defense of Homosexuality by John Corvino\u3002 \u4f5c\u8005\u5f9e\u502b\u7406\u548c\u793e\u6703\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u53bb\u56de\u61c9\u53cd\u540c\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\ufe50\u53cd\u99c1\u540c\u6027\u6200\u4e0d\u81ea\u7136\ufe50\u540c\u6027\u6200\u6709\u5bb3\ufe50\u548c\u540c\u6027\u6200\u6709\u9055\u8056\u7d93\u6559\u5c0e\ufe50\u9019\u4e09\u500b\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u53cd\u540c\u7406\u7531\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\u9817\u6709\u8aaa\u670d\u529b\ufe50\u6709\u6548\u5730\u56de\u61c9\u90a3\u4e09\u500b\u53cd\u540c\u7406\u7531\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u4ed6\u53ea\u80fd\u8aaa\u540c\u6027\u6200\u52c9\u5f37\u5408\u4e4e\u9053\u5fb7\ufe50\u4e26\u4e0d\u80fd\u53cd\u99c1\u4e0d\u61c9\u9f13\u52f5\u540c\u6027\u6200\u7684\u6eab\u548c\u6d3e\u53cd\u540c\u7acb\u5834\ufe50\u56e0\u70ba\u6709\u4e9b\u4e8b\u5728\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0a\u4e0d\u61c9\u7981\u6b62\u4f46\u540c\u6642\u4ea6\u4e0d\u61c9\u9f13\u52f5\u3002\u4ed6\u4ea6\u6c92\u6709\u6307\u51fa\u540c\u6027\u6200\u662f\u5426\u4e0d\u81ea\u7136\ufe50\u8207\u61c9\u5426\u53cd\u5c0d\u540c\u6027\u6200\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u5fc5\u7136\u95dc\u4fc2\u9019\u9ede\u3002 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u7bc7\u95b1\u8b80 A Reply to Corvino by David Bradshaw\u3002 \u5167\u5bb9\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u53cd\u99c1\u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u5148\u8ad6\u8ff0\u8eab\u9ad4\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u7a7a\u9593\ufe50\u4e26\u6307\u51fa\u4eba\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u6d3b\u51fa\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u7f8e\u5584\u548c\u5149\u7147\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u884c\u70ba\u662f\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u5c0a\u56b4\u7684\u4fb5\u72af\ufe50\u5982\u5403\u4eba\u8089\ufe50\u4eba\u7378\u4ea4\u7b49\ufe50\u56e0\u70ba\u7834\u58de\u4e86\u8eab\u9ad4\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u7a7a\u9593\ufe50\u800c\u540c\u6027\u6027\u884c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u8eab\u9ad4\u4e0a\u7684\u626d\u66f2\ufe50\u4e0d\u80fd\u8b93\u8eab\u9ad4\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u7a7a\u9593\u5b8c\u5168\u767c\u63ee\u4eba\u7684\u7f8e\u5584\u548c\u5149\u7147\ufe50\u6240\u4ee5\u540c\u6027\u6200\u662f\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\u5beb\u5f97\u5341\u5206\u6df1\u5165\ufe50\u5176\u5be6\u6211\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u5341\u5206\u660e\u767d\u9053\u5fb7\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\ufe50\u6240\u4ee5\u6c92\u6709\u591a\u5927\u7684\u8aaa\u670d\u529b\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u4ed6\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6bb5\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\u53cd\u540c\u7684\u5169\u500b\u4e0d\u540c\u5c64\u6b21\ufe50\u5247\u4ee4\u6211\u6709\u8305\u609f\u9813\u958b\u7684\u611f\u89ba\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u53cd\u540c\u5c64\u6b21\u662f\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\ufe50\u540c\u6027\u6200\u8207\u7570\u6027\u6200\u61c9\u4e0d\u61c9\u4eab\u6709\u540c\u6a23\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u500b\u53cd\u540c\u5c64\u6b21\u662f\u79c1\u4eba\u9053\u5fb7\u89c0\ufe50\u5c31\u7b97\u540c\u6027\u6200\u5408\u6cd5\ufe50\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u64c7\u9078\u540c\u6027\u6200\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u5438\u7159\u662f\u5408\u6cd5\ufe50\u4f46\u597d\u4eba\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u5438\u7159\u4e00\u6a23\u3002\u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c64\u6b21\u7684\u53cd\u540c\u7406\u7531\ufe50\u53ef\u662f\u9762\u5c0d\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c64\u6b21\u7684\u53cd\u540c\u7406\u7531\u5247\u986f\u5f97\u7121\u529b\u3002 \u7b2c\u4e09\u7bc7\u95b1\u8b80 The Body's Grace by Rowan Williams\u3002 \u4f5c\u8005\u662f\u5340\u516c\u6703\u7684\u5927\u4e3b\u6559\ufe50\u9019\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u4e3b\u65e8\u662f\u9ad4\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6069\u5178\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u79ae\u7269\uff0c\u662f\u8b93\u4ed6\u4eba(\u53ca\u81ea\u5df1\uff09\u5728\u6027\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u559c\u6a02\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\u6709\u5169\u500b\u554f\u984c\ufe50\u7b2c\u4e00\u9ede\u8207\u540c\u6027\u6200\u7121\u95dc\ufe50\u82e5\u6027\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e2d\u5f97\u559c\u6a02\u5c31\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\ufe50\u5247\u4e82\u502b\u548c\u4e00\u591c\u60c5\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e5f\u6703\u8b8a\u5f97\u5408\u9053\u7406\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9ede\u662f\u4ed6\u8aaa\u4e0d\u8ad6\u7570\u6027\u540c\u6027\u6027\u611b\ufe50\u53ea\u8981\u5e36\u4f86\u559c\u6a02\u5247\u5e36\u4f86\u6069\u5178\ufe50\u4f46\u4ed6\u6c92\u6709\u89e3\u91cb\u540c\u6027\u6200\u70ba\u4f55\u6709\u559c\u6a02\u3002 \u7b2c\u56db\u7bc7\u95b1\u8b80 Law, Morality, and \"Sexual Orientation\" by John Finnis\u3002 \u4f5c\u8005\u63a1\u7528\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u53cd\u540c\u8def\u7dda\ufe50\u96c6\u4e2d\u653b\u64ca\u540c\u6027\u6200\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u5bb3\u8655\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u4ed6\u4e0d\u55ae\u53ea\u53cd\u540c\ufe50\u9023\u6027\u958b\u653e\u4e5f\u53cd\u5c0d\ufe50\u56e0\u70ba\u4efb\u4f55\u975e\u5a5a\u59fb\u6027\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e5f\u540c\u6a23\u6709\u5bb3\u3002\u5728\u6211\u770b\u4f86\u4ed6\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u592a\u904e\u4fdd\u5b88\u592a\u4e0d\u5207\u5be6\u969b\u3002 \u7b2c\u4e94\u7bc7\u95b1\u8b80 Homosexual Conduct: A Reply\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;\u66f8\u8a55&quot;","block_context":{"text":"\u66f8\u8a55","link":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/category\/_books\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2007\/01\/084768482201_ss500_sclzzzzzzz_v1111894153_.jpg?fit=500%2C500&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":7250,"url":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2013\/04\/19\/on-manners-karen-stohr\/","url_meta":{"origin":1280,"position":4},"title":"\u8ad6\u79ae\u8c8c On Manners &#8211; Karen Stohr","author":"hevangel","date":"April 19, 2013","format":false,"excerpt":"\u6211\u8b80\u7684\u5927\u5b78\u6709\u4e00\u9805\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u798f\u5229\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7562\u696d\u751f\u80fd\u5920\u7d42\u751f\u514d\u8cbb\u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u5b78\u5716\u66f8\u9928\u3002\u6709\u6642\u5019\u60f3\u770b\u4e9b\u6bd4\u8f03\u51b7\u9580\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u66f8\u85c9\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5716\u66f8\u9928\u6c92\u6709\u5f97\u501f\u95b1\uff0c\u7db2\u4e0a\u4e5f\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u4e0b\u8f09\uff0c\u9023Amazon\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709preview\u53ef\u4ee5\u8a66\u95b1\uff0c\u9019\u6642\u5019\u5927\u5b78\u5716\u66f8\u9928\u4fbf\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u4e86\u3002\u300c\u8ad6\u79ae\u8c8c\u300d\u662fThinking in Action\u54f2\u5b78\u666e\u7d1a\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u672c\uff0c\u96d6\u8aaa\u662f\u5927\u773e\u5411\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u666e\u7d1a\u66f8\u85c9\uff0c\u4f46\u5167\u5bb9\u6bd4\u65e9\u524d\u4ecb\u7d39\u904e\u7684Philosophy and\u4e5c\u4e5c\u7cfb\u5217\u8981\u6df1\u5165\u4e9b\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u672c\u66f8\u63a2\u8a0e\u4e00\u500b\u4e3b\u984c\uff0c\u6587\u7ae0\u5167\u5bb9\u5927\u7d04\u7b49\u540c\u5927\u5b78\u4e00\u5e74\u7d1a\u8ab2\u672c\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u628a\u539f\u6587\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u7c21\u5316\u4e26\u914d\u5408\u8b80\u8005\u719f\u8b58\u7684\u6709\u8da3\u4f8b\u5b50\u4f5c\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u5f88\u597d\u8b80\u3002 \u73fe\u4ee3\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\u5f88\u591a\u50b3\u7d71\u79ae\u8c8c\u548c\u79ae\u5100\u5df2\u7d93\u904e\u6642\uff0c\u66f4\u6709\u4e9b\u5f8c\u73fe\u4ee3\u5b78\u8005\uff0c\u559c\u6b61\u628a\u79ae\u8c8c\u89e3\u69cb\u70ba\u7d71\u6cbb\u8005\u7684\u968e\u7d1a\u8feb\u58d3\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u66f8\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u5979\u8a8d\u70ba\u79ae\u8c8c\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u8868\u9054\uff0c\u6574\u672c\u66f8\u4fbf\u662f\u4e00\u5c64\u4e00\u5c64\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\uff0c\u53bb\u8aaa\u670d\u8b80\u8005\u63a5\u53d7\u5979\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u958b\u9996\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u5148\u5f15\u8d77\u8b80\u8005\u7684\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u501f\u7528\u96fb\u8996\u5287Seinfeld\u4f5c\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u554f\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u53bb\u5225\u4eba\u5bb6\u5403\u665a\u9910\uff0c\u8981\u5e36\u829d\u58eb\u7d05\u9152\u624d\u53eb\u6709\u79ae\u8c8c\uff0c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5e36\u85af\u7247\u6c7d\u6c34\u5c31\u6c92\u6709\u79ae\u8c8c\u5462\uff1f \u4ec0\u9ebc\u79ae\u8c8c\u7684\u898f\u5247\u770b\u4f3c\u96a8\u610f\u6c7a\u5b9a\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u56e0\u70ba\u5404\u5730\u7684\u6587\u5316\u6216\u6642\u9593\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u884c\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5730\u65b9\u662f\u79ae\u8c8c\uff0c\u4f46\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u5730\u65b9\u537b\u662f\u4e0d\u79ae\u8c8c\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u5206\u5225\u7528Kant\u548cHume\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u53bb\u89e3\u91cb\u79ae\u8c8c\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u548c\u898f\u5f8b\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u91cd\u8457\u65bc\u8868\u9762\u6b7b\u677f\u677f\u7684\u79ae\u8c8c\u898f\u5247\u3002\u3002Kant\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u89c0\u662f\u5c0d\u4eba\u7684\u5c0a\u91cd\uff0c\u9019\u89e3\u91cb\u4e86\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8981\u8aaa\u300c\u5514\u8a72\u300d\u300c\u8b1d\u8b1d\u300d\u662f\u79ae\u8c8c\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u4e0d\u628a\u5225\u4eba\u7576\u4f5c\u5de5\u5177\u3002Hume\u5247\u8a8d\u70ba\u79ae\u8c8c\u898f\u5247\u53ea\u662f\u7d04\u5b9a\u4fd7\u6210\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u7528\u4f86\u8868\u9054\u4eba\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u826f\u597d\u54c1\u5fb7\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4f0a\u83bf\u6c99\u4f2f\u5973\u738b\uff0c\u8207\u843d\u5f8c\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u4f7f\u7bc0\u665a\u5bb4\u6642\uff0c\u653e\u68c4\u7528\u5200\u53c9\u9019\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u9910\u684c\u79ae\u5100\uff0c\u50cf\u4ed6\u5011\u4e00\u6a23\u7528\u624b\u62ff\u8d77\u98df\u7269\uff0c\u65b9\u662f\u79ae\u8c8c\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u3002\u53cd\u800c\u5632\u7b11\u4e0d\u61c2\u9910\u684c\u79ae\u5100\u7684\u4eba\u7528\u932f\u5200\u53c9\uff0c\u624d\u662f\u4e0d\u79ae\u8c8c\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u3002 \u90a3\u8ab0\u53bb\u6c7a\u5b9a\u79ae\u8c8c\u7684\u898f\u5247\u5462\uff1f\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u79ae\u5100\u5c08\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u8457\u4f5c\u79ae\u5100\u66f8\u85c9\uff0c\u5728\u5831\u7d19\u96dc\u8a8c\u5beb\u79ae\u5100\u5c08\u6b04\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5f15\u7528Emily Post\u548cJudith Martin\u4f5c\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u8a8d\u8b58\u5979\u5011\u4f46\u60f3\u5fc5\u7136\u662f\u4e0a\u4e00\u4ee3\u897f\u65b9\u8457\u540d\u7684\u79ae\u5100\u5c08\u5bb6\uff0c\u800c\u73fe\u4ee3\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u5247\u6709Martha Stewart\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\u79ae\u5100\u5c08\u5bb6\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u98df\u53e4\u4e0d\u5316\u5730\uff0c\u80cc\u980c\u4e00\u5927\u5806\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u79ae\u8c8c\u7684\u898f\u5247\u3002\u79ae\u8c8c\u7684\u898f\u5247\u5fc5\u9700\u5177\u5be6\u7528\u6027\uff0c\u6703\u96a8\u8457\u6642\u4ee3\u8f49\u8b8a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7537\u4ed5\u61c9\u5426\u70ba\u5973\u4ed5\u958b\u9580\u4f5c\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8b02\u4e4b\u79ae\u8c8c\u4e0d\u80fd\u56b4\u7dca\u7684\u9010\u6b65\u63a8\u8ad6\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u501f\u7528\u4e9e\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u89c0\uff0c\u79ae\u5100\u5c08\u5bb6\u64c1\u6709\u5206\u8fa8\u79ae\u8c8c\u8207\u5426\u7684\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u6191\u8457\u5fc3\u76ee\u4e2d\u7406\u6027\u793e\u4ea4\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u6b0a\u5a01\u6027\u7684\u8aaa\u4e86\u4fbf\u7b97\u6578\u3002 \u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u6279\u8a55\u79ae\u8c8c\u5f88\u865b\u507d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u9762\u5c0d\u4e0d\u559c\u6b61\u7684\u4eba\u4e5f\u8981\u6253\u62db\u547c\u5fae\u7b11\uff0c\u6536\u5230\u4e0d\u559c\u6b61\u7684\u79ae\u7269\u4e5f\u8981\u8aaa\u5f88\u9ad8\u8208\u8b1d\u8b1d\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u8a8d\u540c\u9019\u4e9b\u79ae\u8c8c\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u8868\u6f14\uff0c\u800c\u6839\u64daKant\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u90fd\u6709\u53f0\u524d\u548c\u5e55\u5f8c\u5169\u500b\u9762\u5b54\u3002\u53f0\u524d\u7684\u9762\u5b54\u662f\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u5f62\u50cf\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u771f\u5be6\u5e55\u5f8c\u7684\u81ea\u5df2\u4e0d\u80fd\u6642\u5e38\u505a\u5230\uff0c\u4f46\u90a3\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u8b93\u4eba\u81ea\u5df2\u9032\u6b65\u5411\u4e0a\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u3002\u800c\u9019\u500b\u53f0\u524d\u7684\u5f62\u50cf\u4e26\u975e\u55ae\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6b3a\u9a19\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5225\u4eba\u4e5f\u8981\u79ae\u8c8c\u5730\u5047\u88dd\u6c92\u770b\u5230\u5e55\u5f8c\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u4e92\u76f8\u914d\u5408\u624d\u80fd\u7dad\u6301\u53f0\u524d\u7684\u5f62\u50cf\u3002\u9019\u500b\u79ae\u8c8c\u53f0\u524d\u7684\u5f62\u50cf\uff0c\u8b93\u964c\u751f\u4eba\u8207\u4e4b\u9593\u7559\u6709\u4e00\u9ede\u8ddd\u96e2\uff0c\u8b93\u4eba\u4fdd\u6301\u81ea\u5c0a\u548c\u4e92\u76f8\u5c0a\u656c\u3002 \u6709\u6642\u5019\u6211\u5011\u6703\u57fa\u65bc\u79ae\u8c8c\u8aaa\u4e00\u4e9b\u767d\u8272\u8b0a\u8a00\uff0c\u4f46\u5728Kant\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u7406\u8ad6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u8b0a\u8a00\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u5f15\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u5982Plato\uff0cSt. Thomas Aquinas\uff0cJohn Stuart Mills\u7b49\u53bb\u8aaa\u6709\u4e9b\u5927\u8a71\u662f\u7121\u5bb3\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u76ca\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u767d\u8272\u8b0a\u8a00\u7684\u5169\u500b\u89e3\u8aaa\uff0c\u79ae\u8c8c\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u4e26\u4e0d\u4e00\u8981\u6b63\u9762\u7b54\u8986\u771f\u5047\u9673\u8ff0\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u91cd\u5c31\u8f15\u9078\u64c7\u6027\u5730\u56de\u7b54\u79ae\u8c8c\u7684\u7648\u8a71\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u670b\u53cb\u554f\u4f60\u5979\u7684\u8863\u670d\u597d\u770b\u55ce\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u56de\u7b54\u8aaa\u9019\u984f\u8272\u5f88\u6436\u773c\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u500b\u89e3\u8aaa\u662f\u554f\u984c\u548c\u7b54\u6848\u4e0d\u80fd\u55ae\u7d14\u6309\u7167\u5b57\u9762\u610f\u7fa9\u53bb\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u79ae\u8c8c\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u6848\u4fbf\u4e0d\u69cb\u6210\u8b0a\u8a71\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4e5e\u4e10\u554f\u4f60\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u96f6\u9322\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u554f\u984c\u5be6\u969b\u662f\u554f\u4f60\u62ff\u96f6\u9322\uff0c\u800c\u4f60\u56de\u7b54\u4ed6\u8aaa\u6c92\u6709\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u6307\u4f60\u8eab\u4e0a\u6c92\u6709\u96f6\u9322\uff0c\u800c\u6c92\u6709\u7d66\u4ed6\u7684\u96f6\u9322\u3002 \u9001\u79ae\u7269\u548c\u6536\u79ae\u7269\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5b78\u554f\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5206\u5225\u7528Kant\u9053\u5fb7\u7406\u8ad6\u7684imperfect duties\u548c\u529f\u7528\u4e3b\u7fa9\u9053\u5fb7\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u53bb\u5206\u6790\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6642\u9593\u6211\u5011\u61c9\u8a72\u8981\u9001\u79ae\u7269\uff0c\u6536\u5230\u4e0d\u559c\u6b61\u7684\u79ae\u7269\u6642\u53c8\u61c9\u8a72\u5982\u4f55\u56de\u61c9\u3002\u8981\u6c42\u5225\u4eba\u9001\u79ae\u7269\u4e00\u822c\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u4e0d\u79ae\u8c8c\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u8981\u9001\u79ae\u7269\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u6c92\u6709\u9001\u4e5f\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u79ae\u8c8c\u3002\u9001\u79ae\u7269\u7684\u5fc3\u610f\uff0c\u6bd4\u79ae\u7269\u672c\u8eab\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6536\u5230\u975e\u60e1\u610f\u7684\u79ae\u7269\u6642\uff0c\u8aaa\u9053\u8b1d\u4e5f\u662f\u61c9\u6709\u7684\u79ae\u8c8c\u3002\u73fe\u4ee3\u4eba\u9001\u73fe\u91d1\u5361\u4ee3\u66ff\u79ae\u7269\uff0c\u800c\u5f88\u591a\u5927\u516c\u53f8\u4e5f\u6709\u9000\u79ae\u7269\u7684\u670d\u52d9\u3002\u7528\u529f\u7528\u4e3b\u7fa9\u53bb\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u628a\u4e0d\u5408\u7528\u7684\u79ae\u7269\u63db\u5176\u4ed6\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u6216\u7d22\u6027\u81ea\u5df2\u9078\u64c7\u5408\u5fc3\u6c34\u7684\u79ae\u7269\uff0c\u7121\u64ec\u662f\u6709\u76ca\u5408\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f46\u4f5c\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u6a23\u9001\u79ae\u4e45\u7f3a\u4e86\u5fc3\u610f\uff0c\u8b93\u9001\u79ae\u7684\u5b78\u554f\u5728\u79ae\u8c8c\u898f\u5247\u4e2d\u8b8a\u5f88\u4e0d\u518d\u91cd\u8981\u3002 \u9130\u5c45\u53ef\u4ee5\u6cdb\u6307\u5bb6\u4f4f\u9694\u58c1\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u77ed\u6642\u9593\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5982\u5750\u98db\u6a5f\u4e58\u96fb\u68af\u7b49\u3002\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\u63a5\u8fd1\u8ddd\u96e2\uff0c\u8b93\u4eba\u8207\u4eba\u4e4b\u9593\u7522\u751f\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u5225\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\u3002\u9130\u5c45\u4e4b\u9593\u8981\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u500b\u4e0d\u9060\u4e0d\u8fd1\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\u65b9\u70ba\u79ae\u8c8c\uff0c\u800c\u4f5c\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\u9130\u5c45\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u79ae\u8c8c\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u6839\u64da\u3002\u5176\u4e00\u662f\u626e\u4f5c\u770b\u4e0d\u898b\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u5c0f\u5fc3\u8b93\u4f60\u770b\u5230\u5e55\u5f8c\u7684\u9762\u5b54\uff0c\u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\u4fdd\u6301\u53f0\u524d\u7684\u81ea\u5c0a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8457\u7761\u8863\u5012\u5783\u573e\u6216\u5169\u516c\u5a46\u5435\u67b6\u3002\u5176\u4e8c\u662f\u7576\u9130\u5c45\u6709\u7dca\u6025\u9700\u8981\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6709\u8cac\u4efb\u5e6b\u52a9\u4ed6\u5011\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u9694\u58c1\u5fc3\u81df\u75c5\u767c\u6211\u5011\u5e6b\u4ed6\u53eb\u6551\u8b77\u8eca\uff0c\u6216\u5750\u98db\u6a5f\u9694\u96e2\u4f4d\u5012\u7009\u6c34\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5e6b\u4ed6\u62ff\u7d19\u5dfe\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u4f55\u8b02\u9060\u4f55\u8b02\u8fd1\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\uff0c\u5247\u4e2d\u9593\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7070\u6642\u5730\u5e36\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u6587\u5316\u4e5f\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6163\u4f8b\u3002 \u5f85\u5ba2\u4e4b\u9053\u4e5f\u662f\u79ae\u8c8c\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\uff0c\u9910\u684c\u5982\u4f55\u64fa\u653e\u5200\u53c9\u8207\u9053\u5fb7\u7121\u95dc\uff0c\u4f46\u5f85\u5ba2\u4e4b\u9053\u4e26\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u9910\u684c\u64fa\u8a2d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8b93\u5ba2\u4eba\u611f\u5230\u8212\u9069\uff0c\u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\u5c0d\u6b3e\u5f85\u611f\u5230\u958b\u5fc3\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\u5f85\u5ba2\u4e4b\u9053\u4e0d\u53ef\u7f3a\u5c11\u54c1\u5473\uff0c\u5979\u5f15\u7528Hume\u6709\u95dc\u54c1\u5473\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u8aaa\u660e\u54c1\u5473\u4e26\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u83ef\u9e97\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u6709\u5be6\u969b\u529f\u7528\u548c\u8207\u74b0\u5883\u914d\u5408\uff0c\u4e3b\u4eba\u8981\u5f9e\u5ba2\u4eba\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u53bb\u8003\u616e\u3002\u53e4\u4ee3\u54c1\u5473\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u6709Jane Austin\u5c0f\u8aaa\uff0c\u73fe\u4ee3\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u5247\u662fMarha Stewart\uff0c\u5979\u628a\u54c1\u5473\u7c21\u5316\u70ba\u5bb9\u6613\u5b78\u7fd2\u7684\u6280\u529f\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u4e0d\u7528\u82b1\u592a\u591a\u6642\u9593\u4e5f\u80fd\u5b78\u61c2\u5982\u4f55\u6709\u54c1\u5473\u3002\u5f85\u5ba2\u4e4b\u9053\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7f8e\u5fb7\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u8207\u9053\u5fb7\u62c9\u4e0a\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002 \u770b\u5b8c\u9019\u672c\u66f8\uff0c\u6211\u5927\u81f4\u4e0a\u8a8d\u540c\u4f5c\u8005\u8aaa\u79ae\u8c8c\u8207\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4f5c\u8005\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u8a73\u7d30\u7684\u8ad6\u8ff0\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u53bb\u5206\u6790\u67d0\u4e00\u7279\u5b9a\u79ae\u8c8c\u898f\u5247\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6642\u5b9c\u3002\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u500b\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u67b6\u69cb\uff0c\u53bb\u5206\u6790\u67d0\u4e00\u884c\u70ba\u662f\u5426\u79ae\u8c8c\uff0c\u53c8\u6216\u8005\u5169\u5957\u4e92\u76f8\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u79ae\u8c8c\u898f\u5247\u78b0\u4e0a\u6642\u5982\u4f55\u53bb\u53d6\u6368\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u66f8\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7406\u8ad6\u5f88\u7c97\u758f\uff0c\u6709\u9ede\u62ff\u4f86\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u5473\u9053\uff0c\u770b\u898b\u90a3\u500b\u9053\u5fb7\u7406\u8ad6\u5408\u7528\uff0c\u4fbf\u9806\u624b\u62c8\u4f86\u53bb\u89e3\u91cb\u79ae\u8c8c\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u7121\u8996\u4e0d\u540c\u9053\u5fb7\u7406\u8ad6\u4e92\u76f8\u6392\u65a5\u4e4b\u8655\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u4e3b\u8981\u4ee5Kant\u548c\u529f\u7528\u4e3b\u7fa9\u70ba\u4e3b\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u8aaa\u4e0d\u901a\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5247\u62ffAristotle\u7684\u5fb7\u884c\u8ad6\u51fa\u4f86\u904e\u6a4b\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u6211\u5f88\u5947\u602a\u4f5c\u8005\u5b8c\u5168\u6c92\u6709\u63d0\u53ca\u793e\u6703\u5951\u7d04\u8ad6\u3002\u5927\u6168\u5979\u907f\u91cd\u5c31\u8f15\u6574\u500b\u8ad6\u9ede\u7684\u6700\u5927\u6b7b\u7a74\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u79ae\u8c8c\u662f\u57fa\u65bc\u793e\u6703\u5951\u7d04\u8ad6\uff0c\u90a3\u4fbf\u4e2d\u6b63\u79ae\u8c8c\u6279\u8a55\u8005\u7684\u4e0b\u61f7\uff0c\u79ae\u8c8c\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5ba2\u89c0\u898f\u5247\u53ef\u8a00\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u662f\u897f\u4eba\u4e0d\u80fd\u5962\u6c42\u5979\u61c2\u4e2d\u570b\u54f2\u5b78\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u5982\u4f55\u80fd\u5920\u591a\u52a0\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ae0\u7bc0\uff0c\u8b1b\u8ff0\u5112\u5bb6\u4e2d\u79ae\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u4fbf\u80fd\u66f4\u52a0\u8c50\u5bcc\u4e86\u3002","rel":"","context":"In &quot;\u54f2\u5b78&quot;","block_context":{"text":"\u54f2\u5b78","link":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/category\/_philosophy\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/02\/9780415875387.jpg?fit=412%2C648&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":649,"url":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2006\/12\/20\/%e5%90%8c%e6%80%a7%e5%a9%9a%e5%a7%bb%e5%90%88%e6%b3%95%e5%8c%96\/","url_meta":{"origin":1280,"position":5},"title":"\u540c\u6027\u5a5a\u59fb\u5408\u6cd5\u5316","author":"hevangel","date":"December 20, 2006","format":false,"excerpt":"\u9019\u9663\u5b50\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u653f\u5e9c\u5167\u6b63\u70ba\u540c\u6027\u5a5a\u59fb\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\u5c55\u958b\u4e86\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u8faf\u8ad6\ufe50\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u5728\u6536\u97f3\u6a5f\u4e2d\u807d\u5230\u96fb\u53f0\u70ba\u9019\u6cd5\u4f8b\u8209\u884c\u7684 \u516c\u773e\u8ad6\u58c7\ufe50\u7531\u65bc\u8981\u8d95\u8457\u53bb\u5403\u5348\u98ef\u7684\u7de3\u6545\ufe50\u6211\u53ea\u662f\u807d\u4e86\u958b\u982d\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u6bb5\ufe50\u7d66\u6211\u7684\u611f\u89ba\u662f\u5728\u8ad6\u58c7\u4e2d\ufe50\u6559\u6703\u548c\u4fdd\u5b88\u52e2\u529b\u7684\u652f\u6301\u8005\u4ee5\u4eba\u591a\u6b3a\u4eba\u5c11\ufe50\u4e0d\u6642\u4ee5\u5653\u8072\u6253\u65b7\u5c0d\u65b9\u767c\u8a00\ufe50\u4f01 \u5716\u8072\u5927\u593e\u60e1\u548c\u6df7\u6dc6\u8996\u807d\u7684\u6b6a\u7406\u4f5c\u70ba\u7b56\u7565\ufe50\u628a\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u898b\u7684\u8072\u97f3\u6253\u58d3\u4e0b\u53bb\ufe50\u6839\u672c\u5b8c\u5168\u6c92\u6709\u958b\u653e\u8ad6\u8a0e\u9019\u6cd5\u4f8b\u4e0a\u6cd5\u7406\u4f9d\u64da\u7684\u80f8\u895f\u3002\u6211\u4e00\u908a\u807d\u53cd\u5c0d\u540c\u6027\u6200\u7684\u4eba\u767c\u8a00\ufe50\u4e00\u908a\u6697\u6697\u5730 \u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u4f5c\u8a9e\u7406\u5206\u6790\ufe50\u53ef\u662f\u5973\u670b\u53cb\u5750\u8eab\u65c1\u4e0d\u597d\u610f\u60f3\u9ad8\u8ac7\u5049\u8ad6\ufe50\u5979\u53ef\u662f\u767e\u4efd\u767e\u652f\u6301\u6559\u6703\u7acb\u5834\u7684\u597d\u6559\u5f92\ufe50\u4ee5\u514d\u5927\u5bb6\u70ba\u8457\u9019\u554f\u984c\u50b7\u548c\u6c23\ufe50\u53ea\u597d\u56de\u5bb6\u5f8c\u5beb\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5ba3\u6d29\u4e00\u4e0b\u6211\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002 \u5728\u6b64\u6211\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5448\u6e05\u6211\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u7acb\u5834\ufe50\u9996\u5148\u5927\u5bb6\u5343\u842c\u4e0d\u8981\u8aa4\u6703\ufe50\u6211\u4e0d\u662f\u540c\u6027\u6200\u8005\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u722d\u53d6\u6b0a\u76ca\ufe50\u6211\u662f\u767e\u4efd\u4e00\u767e\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u7537\u6027\u3002\u5973\u670b\u53cb\u7b11\u6211\u60a3\u6709\u540c\u6027\u6200\u6050\u4ff1\u75c7 \ufe50\u5e38\u5e38\u4e0b\u610f\u8b58\u5730\u7684\u4ee5\u57fa\u4f6c\u4f5c\u70ba\u8fb1\u7b11\u5c0d\u50cf\u3002\u5c07\u4f86\u6211\u4ea6\u6703\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u6211\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\ufe50\u5343\u842c\u4e0d\u8981\u6210\u70ba\u540c\u6027\u6200\u8005\ufe50\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u60dc\u6559\u4ed6\u5011\u6b67\u8996\u57fa\u4f6c\ufe50\u4f5c\u70ba\u9632\u6b62\u4ed6\u5011\u641e\u57fa\u7684\u9810\u9632\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u4e0d \u904e\u73fe\u5728\u540c\u6027\u5a5a\u59fb\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e8b\u4e0d\u95dc\u5df1\ufe50\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u7d14\u7406\u6027\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u53bb\u5206\u6790\u3002\u6211\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u4ea6\u4e0d\u53cd\u5c0d\u540c\u6027\u5a5a\u59fb\ufe50\u53ea\u662f\u53cd\u5c0d\u540c\u6027\u5a5a\u59fb\u7684\u4eba\u6240\u7528\u7684\u7406\u7531\ufe50\u662f\u6beb\u7121\u6839\u64da\u5b8c\u5168\u7ad9\u4e0d \u4f4f\u8173\u7684\u8352\u8b2c\u908f\u8f2f\ufe50\u8eab\u70ba\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u6211\u4e0d\u80fd\u57cb\u6c92\u826f\u77e5\ufe50\u4efb\u7531\u4ed6\u5011\u8aa4\u5c0e\u666e\u7f85\u5927\u773e\ufe50\u6240\u4ee5\u70ba\u6b64\u64b0\u6587\u9010\u9ede\u53cd\u99c1\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u8b2c\u8ad6\u3002 \u4e00\ufe50\u540c\u6027\u5a5a\u59fb\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\ufe50\u662f\u66f4\u6539\u4e00\u76f4\u4ee5\u4f86\u5a5a\u59fb\u662f\u4e00\u7537\u4e00\u5973\u7684\u5a5a\u59fb\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3002 \u4e00\u7537\u4e00\u5973\u5a5a\u59fb\u53ea\u662f\u7336\u592a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6587\u5316\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u7522\u7269\ufe50\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u5f88\u591a\u5730\u65b9\u5305\u62ec\u4e2d\u570b\ufe50\u5728\u904e\u53bb\u5e7e\u5343\u5e74\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u570b\u5bb6\ufe50\u4e5f\u5be6\u884c\u4e00\u592b\u591a\u59bb\u7684\u5a5a\u59fb\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u800c\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u4e9b \u5c11\u6578\u90e8\u65cf\u5982\u6469\u68ad\u4eba\u4e2d\ufe50\u4e5f\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5a5a\u59fb\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u5f9e\u4e2d\u53ef\u898b\u5a5a\u59fb\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e0d\u662f\u6c38\u6046\u4e0d\u8b8a\ufe50\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u8fce\u5408\u793e\u6703\u7684\u9700\u8981\u800c\u8f49\u8b8a\u7684\u3002\u518d\u8005\u8fd1\u5728\u767e\u591a\u5e74\u524d\ufe50\u4e0d\u540c\u7a2e\u65cf\u4e4b\u9593 \u7684\u5a5a\u59fb\u662f\u975e\u6cd5\u7684\u3002\u7576\u5e74\u53cd\u5c0d\u7a2e\u65cf\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u4eba\ufe50\u4ea6\u628a\u7576\u6642\u7684\u5a5a\u59fb\u5b9a\u7fa9\u53ea\u9650\u65bc\u540c\u4e00\u65cf\u88d4\u4f5c\u70ba\u53cd\u5c0d\u7684\u7406\u7531\u3002\u6e90\u7528\u65e2\u5b9a\u4fd7\u6210\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\ufe50\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u5c31\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u6b63\u78ba\u516c\u7fa9\ufe50\u9019\u6b21\u7acb\u6cd5\u7684\u7cbe\u795e \u6b63\u6b63\u662f\u63a2\u8a0e\u5a5a\u59fb\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\ufe50\u82e5\u5148\u5165\u70ba\u4e3b\u7684\u6545\u6b65\u81ea\u5c01\ufe50\u53c8\u600e\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u89c0\u5ff5\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u9032\u6b65\u5462\ufe56 \u4e8c\ufe50\u5a5a\u59fb\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u751f\u80b2\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\ufe50\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u80fd\u751f\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u540c\u6027\u5a5a\u59fb\u662f\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u7684\u3002 \u9019\u7a2e\u8aaa\u6cd5\u7684\u4eba\u662f\u672c\u672b\u5012\u7f6e\ufe50\u628a\u5a5a\u59fb\u77ee\u5316\u70ba\u53ea\u662f\u50b3\u5b97\u63a5\u4ee3\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5169\u500b\u4eba\u76f8\u611b\u800c\u7d50\u5408\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u751f\u80b2\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\ufe50\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u7406\u7531\ufe50\u4f8b\u5982\u60f3\u9577\u76f8\u5edd\u5b88\u4e92\u76f8\u7167\u9867\u4e00\u8f29\u5b50\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u751f\u990a\u5b69\u5b50\u662f\u611b\u60c5\u7684\u7d50\u6676\u54c1\ufe50 \u800c\u975e\u662f\u4f5c\u70ba\u611b\u60c5\u7d50\u5a5a\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u73fe\u4ee3\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u9078\u64c7\u4e0d\u751f\u80b2\ufe50\u6216\u8005\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u67d0\u4e9b\u539f\u56e0\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u751f\u80b2\ufe50\u96e3\u9053\u4ed6\u5011\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u7d50\u5a5a\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\u55ce\ufe56\u4ee5\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u9032\u5ea6\u4f86\u770b\ufe50\u82e5\u52a0 \u7dca\u5728\u57fa\u56e0\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e0a\u6295\u8cc7\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8a71\ufe50\u4e0d\u51fa\u6578\u5e74\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u70ba\u540c\u6027\u4f34\u4fb6\u4ee5\u4eba\u5de5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7e41\u6b96\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\ufe50\u90a3\u540c\u6027\u6200\u5a5a\u59fb\u4e5f\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u7570\u6027\u5a5a\u59fb\u4e00\u6a23\u751f\u80b2\ufe50\u4ea6\u6c92\u6709\u53cd\u5c0d\u540c\u6027\u5a5a\u59fb\u7684\u7406\u7531\u4e86\u3002\u8aaa \u570b\u5bb6\u51fa\u751f\u4eba\u53e3\u4e0b\u964d\u800c\u53cd\u5c0d\u540c\u6027\u7d50\u5a5a\u7684\u66f4\u662f\u4e0d\u77e5\u6240\u8b02\ufe50\u540c\u6027\u6200\u4eba\u53e3\u53ea\u4f54\u7e3d\u4eba\u53e3\u767e\u4efd\u4e4b\u4e94\ufe50\u5c0d\u4eba\u53e3\u589e\u9577\u4e0d\u69cb\u6210\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u82e5\u4e0d\u8a31\u4ed6\u5011\u7d50\u5a5a\u4ed6\u5011\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u6703\u751f\u5b69\u5b50\ufe50\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6 \u5011\u7d50\u4e0d\u7d50\u5a5a\u5c0d\u4eba\u53e3\u6839\u672c\u6c92\u6709\u95dc\u4fc2\ufe50\u9664\u975e\u518d\u7acb\u6cd5\u903c\u4ed6\u5011\u6539\u5b7f\u70ba\u76f4\ufe50\u5f9e\u904e\u6b63\u5e38\u4eba\u7684\u7d50\u5a5a\u751f\u5b50\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5427\u3002 \u984c\u5916\u8a71\ufe50\u5730\u7403\u7684\u7e3d\u4eba\u53e3\u9084\u5728\u589e\u9577\u4e2d\ufe50\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4eba\u53e3\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u554f\u984c\ufe50\u6574\u9ad4\u4e0a\u53cd\u800c\u4eba\u53e3\u904e\u5269\u624d\u662f\u554f\u984c\u7684\u6240\u5728\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u8f38\u5165\u79fb\u6c11\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u6b21\u904e\u6c7a\u89e3\ufe50\u767c\u9054\u570b\u5bb6\u4eba\u53e3\u4e0d\u8db3\ufe50\u4ee5\u53ca\u767c\u9054\u4e2d\u570b\u5bb6\u4eba\u53e3\u592a\u591a\u7684\u554f\u984c\u4e86\u3002 \u4e09\ufe50\u540c\u6027\u5a5a\u59fb\u662f\u4e0d\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\ufe50\u82e5\u5148\u4f8b\u4e00\u958b\u4eba\u7378\u6200\u4e82\u502b\u7b49\u4e5f\u6703\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\u3002 \u9019\u662f\u5178\u578b\u7684\u6ed1\u6ce2\u8b2c\u8aa4\ufe50\u8d0a\u6210\u540c\u6027\u5a5a\u59fb\u5408\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u8d0a\u4eba\u7378\u6216\u4e82\u502b\ufe50\u800c\u4ee5\u6211\u7684\u7406\u89e3\ufe50\u652f\u6301\u90a3\u65b9\u7684\u8ad6\u64da\u4ea6\u4e0d\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u4eba\u7378\u6216\u4e82\u502b\u4e0a\u3002\u9019\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u53cd\u5c0d\u90a3\u65b9\u5728\u9019\u5834\u8faf\u8ad6\u4e2d\u7406\u8667\ufe50\u53ea\u80fd\u6191\u8457\u50b3\u7d71\u9053\u5fb7\u502b\u7406\u4f5c\u70ba\u6297\u722d\u7684\u64da\u9ede\ufe50\u4ed6\u5011\u5fd8\u8a18\u4e86\u5728\u4eba\u7378\u6216\u4e82\u502b\u7684\u554f\u984c\u4e0a\ufe50\u4ed6\u5011\u9084\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u66f4\u5f37\u800c\u6709\u529b\u53cd\u5c0d\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\u3002 \u56db\ufe50\u5a5a\u59fb\u662f\u795e\u8056\u7684\ufe50\u56e0\u6b64\u8981\u4fdd\u885b\u5a5a\u59fb\u5236\u5ea6\u3002 \u904b\u7528\u9019\u500b\u7406\u7531\u7684\u7576\u5e38\u662f\u6709\u5b97\u6559\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u4eba\ufe50\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u540c\u6027\u6200\u662f\u7f6a\u662f\u795e\u4e0d\u559c\u6085\u7684\ufe50\u4e0d\u55ae\u4ed6\u5011\u53cd\u5c0d\u540c\u6027\u5a5a\u59fb\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\ufe50\u4ed6\u5011\u66f4\u662f\u53cd\u5c0d\u540c\u6027\u6200\u672c\u8eab\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\u3002\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u9019 \u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u53cd\u5c0d\u7684\u6700\u7d42\u7406\u7531\ufe50\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e09\u9ede\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u72e1\u8faf\u7684\u85c9\u53e3\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u4e00\u7537\u4e00\u5973\u7684\u5a5a\u59fb\u662f\u795e\u7684\u65e8\u610f\ufe50\u6240\u4ee5\u662f\u662f\u795e\u8056\u4e0d\u5bb9\u4fb5\u72af\u7684\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u6559\u7fa9\u4e00\u6a23\ufe50\u4ed6\u5011\u6240 \u8aaa\u795e\u7684\u65e8\u610f\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6839\u64da\u7684\ufe50\u53ea\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u4e00\u5ec2\u60c5\u9858\u5730\u89e3\u8b80\u8056\u7d93\u7684\u8a18\u8f09\u3002\u76f8\u5c0d\u5730\u540c\u5fd7\u795e\u5b78\u4ea6\u904b\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89e3\u7d93\u65b9\u6cd5\ufe50\u6307\u51fa\u540c\u6027\u6200\u6c92\u6709\u9055\u80cc\u795e\u7684\u6559\u5c0e\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u6b63\u7d71 \u7570\u7aef\u6559\u7fa9\u4e4b\u722d\u4e00\u6a23\ufe50\u4e00\u76f4\u722d\u8ad6\u5230\u5929\u570b\u518d\u81e8\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u6703\u6709\u7d50\u679c\u7684\u3002\u9000\u4e00\u6b65\u4f86\u770b\u540c\u6027\u6200\u8005\u8981\u6c42\u7d50\u5a5a\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\ufe50\u800c\u4e0d\u55ae\u55ae\u6eff\u8db3\u65bc\u73fe\u6709\u7684\u666e\u901a\u6cd5\u7d50\u5408\ufe50\u4e0d\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u91cd\u4e5f\u8996\u5a5a\u59fb \u7684\u8056\u795e\u55ce\ufe56\u5176\u5be6\u5a5a\u59fb\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u6700\u5927\u6575\u4eba\ufe50\u4e0d\u662f\u540c\u6027\u6200\u800c\u662f\u96e2\u5a5a\ufe50\u60f3\u4fdd\u885b\u5a5a\u59fb\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u4eba\ufe50\u4ed6\u5011\u76ee\u6a19\u7684\u512a\u5148\u9806\u5e8f\u5b8c\u5168\u641e\u932f\u4e86\u3002\u8207\u5176\u82b1\u6642\u9593\u7cbe\u795e\u5728\u53cd\u5c0d\u540c\u6027\u5a5a\u59fb\u4e0a\ufe50\u4e0d\u5982\u628a\u8cc7\u6e90\u7528\u5728\u5a5a\u524d\u5a5a\u5f8c\u7684\u8f14\u5c0e\u4e0a\ufe50\u66f4\u80fd\u70ba\u5a5a\u59fb\u5236\u5ea6\u4f5c\u51fa\u6709\u5efa\u8a2d\u6027\u7684\u4e8b\u3002 \u6700\u5f8c\u5bb9\u6211\u52a0\u9ede\u500b\u4eba\u610f\u898b\ufe50\u53cd\u5c0d\u540c\u6027\u5a5a\u59fb\u5408\u6cd5\u4ee3\u8207\u5426\u662f\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u7531\ufe50\u5728\u6295\u7968\u6642\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f9d\u500b\u4eba\u559c\u597d\u53bb\u9078\u64c7\u5408\u9069\u7684\u5019\u9078\u4eba\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u60c5\u611f\u4e0a\u7684\u53cd\u5c0d\u6b78\u53cd\u5c0d\ufe50\u4e0d\u8981\u57cb\u6c92\u4e86\u7406\u6027\ufe50\u70ba\u4e86\u8b93\u66f4\u591a\u4eba\u652f\u6301\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9663\u71df\u800c\u5ba3\u50b3\u6b6a\u7406\u3002\u76f8\u5c0d\u65bc\u540c\u6027\u6200\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u793e\u6703\u554f\u984c\ufe50\u7528\u4f3c\u662f\u800c\u975e\u7684\u507d\u771f\u7406\u9ebb\u6728\u4eba\u7684\u601d\u8003\u9748\u9b42\ufe50\u6703\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u5e36\u4f86\u66f4\u6df1\u798d\u5bb3\u3002","rel":"","context":"In &quot;\u653f\u6cbb\u7d93\u6fdf&quot;","block_context":{"text":"\u653f\u6cbb\u7d93\u6fdf","link":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/category\/_society\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_likes_enabled":false,"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1280","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1280"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1280\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10605,"href":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1280\/revisions\/10605"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1280"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1280"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1280"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}