{"id":2041,"date":"2008-09-30T20:20:05","date_gmt":"2008-10-01T04:20:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2008\/09\/30\/%e6%9c%80%e4%bd%8e%e5%b7%a5%e8%b3%87%e7%9a%84%e7%88%ad%e8%ab%96%e5%9b%9b-%e6%9c%80%e4%bd%8e%e5%b7%a5%e8%b3%87%e8%88%87%e7%b6%93%e6%bf%9f%e7%90%86%e8%ab%96%e4%b8%a6%e6%b2%92%e6%9c%89%e8%a1%a1\/"},"modified":"2015-11-06T00:13:17","modified_gmt":"2015-11-06T08:13:17","slug":"%e6%9c%80%e4%bd%8e%e5%b7%a5%e8%b3%87%e7%9a%84%e7%88%ad%e8%ab%96%e5%9b%9b-%e6%9c%80%e4%bd%8e%e5%b7%a5%e8%b3%87%e8%88%87%e7%b6%93%e6%bf%9f%e7%90%86%e8%ab%96%e4%b8%a6%e6%b2%92%e6%9c%89%e8%a1%a1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2008\/09\/30\/%e6%9c%80%e4%bd%8e%e5%b7%a5%e8%b3%87%e7%9a%84%e7%88%ad%e8%ab%96%e5%9b%9b-%e6%9c%80%e4%bd%8e%e5%b7%a5%e8%b3%87%e8%88%87%e7%b6%93%e6%bf%9f%e7%90%86%e8%ab%96%e4%b8%a6%e6%b2%92%e6%9c%89%e8%a1%a1\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6700\u4f4e\u5de5\u8cc7\u7684\u722d\u8ad6(\u56db) &#8211; \u6700\u4f4e\u5de5\u8cc7\u8207\u7d93\u6fdf\u7406\u8ad6\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u8861\u7a81"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u9019\u500b\u661f\u671f\u5728\u7368\u5a92\u548c\u57fa\u6587\u6703\u82b1\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u6642\u9593\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6700\u4f4e\u5de5\u8cc7\u7684\u554f\u984c\ufe50\u9664\u4e86\u8feb\u81ea\u5df1\u601d\u8003\u9019\u500b\u89f8\u52d5\u793e\u6703\u795e\u7d93\u7684\u554f\u984c\u5916\ufe50\u9084\u5b78\u61c2\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u77e5\u8b58\u3002\u8981\u601d\u8003\u8981\u8a18\u9304\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u5df2\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u5beb\u5b8c\ufe50\u6211\u8a8d\u70ba\u6700\u4f4e\u5de5\u8cc7\u7684\u554f\u984c\u5df2\u7d93\u6709\u5f88\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u5269\u4e0b\u4f86\u8981\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\ufe50\u53ea\u662f\u6307\u51fa\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u932f\u8aa4\ufe50\u6539\u6b63\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u7406\u8ad6\u4e0a\u6216\u6578\u5b57\u8a08\u7b97\u4e0a\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u53cd\u5c0d\u6700\u4f4e\u5de5\u8cc7\u7684\u4eba\ufe50\u5e38\u5e38\u5f15\u7528\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\ufe50\u53bb\u8b49\u660e\u6700\u4f4e\u5de5\u8cc7\u6703\u5f15\u5931\u696d\u7387\u4e0a\u5347\u3002\u652f\u6301\u6700\u4f4e\u5de5\u8cc7\u7684\u4eba\ufe50\u96d6\u7136\u6c92\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u56b4\u7dca\u7684\u63a8\u7406\ufe50\u4f46\u662f\u6191\u76f4\u89ba\u8a8d\u70ba\u6700\u4f4e\u5de5\u8cc7\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u7aae\u4eba\u3002\u6211\u5728\u5c0b\u627e\u6700\u4f4e\u5de5\u8cc7\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6642\ufe50\u767c\u73fe\u4e86\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u4eba\u7684\u9019\u4efd\u5831\u544a\ufe50\u53ef\u4ee5\u6574\u5408\u6b63\u53cd\u96d9\u65b9\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\ufe50\u539f\u4f86\u5169\u8005\u5176\u5be6\u4fc2\u6c92\u6709\u8861\u7a81\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Quote from The Economist Feb 1st 2001 \u201cDebating the Minimum Wage\u201d<br \/>\nthat the minimum-wage increase left the overall number of workers employed roughly the same, but reduced their hours. (Not implausible, given that most workers in the fast-food business are part-timers.) Then it would be true that the wage rise reduced the demand for (hours of) labour, as the standard model says; but at the same time it could also be true, as advocates of the minimum wage say, that the incomes of the affected workers went up, thanks to the combination of fewer hours at work and the higher wage rate. In which case the policy could be judged a success, even though it had \u201creduced employment\u201d.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u7c21\u55ae\u4f86\u8aaa\ufe50\u6700\u4f4e\u5de5\u8cc7\u7684\u7d50\u679c\ufe50\u5c07\u6703\u662f\u5de5\u8cc7\u4e0a\u5347\ufe50\u5de5\u6642\u9700\u6c42\u4e0b\u964d\ufe50\u4f46\u5c31\u696d\u4eba\u6578\u5927\u81f4\u4e0d\u8b8a\u3002\u7d93\u6fdf\u7406\u8ad6\u6307\u51fa\u5de5\u8cc7\u4e0a\u5347\ufe50\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u6703\u4e0b\u964d\ufe50\u53ea\u4e0d\u904e\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u5de5\u4eba\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u6578\u76ee\ufe50\u800c\u662f\u5de5\u6642\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u6578\u76ee\u3002 \u63db\u4e00\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\ufe50\u6700\u4f4e\u5de5\u8cc7\u903c\u5de5\u4eba\u589e\u52a0\u5de5\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\ufe50\u53bb\u88dc\u511f\u5de5\u8cc7\u4e0a\u5347\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u958b\u652f\u3002\u4e0d\u8ad6\u662f\u6700\u4f4e\u5de5\u8cc7\u7684\u652f\u6301\u8005\u9084\u662f\u53cd\u5c0d\u8005\ufe50\u5927\u5bb6\u570d\u8457\u5c31\u696d\u4eba\u6578\u9019\u500b\u6578\u5b57\u539f\u5730\u6253\u8f49\u3002\u5de5\u4f5c\u9700\u6c42\u9664\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4eba\u982d\u4f86\u8a08\u6578\ufe50\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u8a08\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\ufe50\u5982\u5de5\u6642\u9700\u6c42\u554a\ufe57<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u9019\u500b\u661f\u671f\u5728\u7368\u5a92\u548c\u57fa\u6587\u6703\u82b1\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u6642\u9593\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6700\u4f4e\u5de5\u8cc7\u7684\u554f\u984c\ufe50\u9664\u4e86\u8feb\u81ea\u5df1\u601d\u8003\u9019\u500b\u89f8\u52d5\u793e\u6703\u795e\u7d93\u7684\u554f\u984c\u5916\ufe50\u9084\u5b78\u61c2\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u77e5\u8b58\u3002\u8981\u601d\u8003\u8981\u8a18\u9304\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u5df2\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u5beb\u5b8c\ufe50\u6211\u8a8d\u70ba\u6700\u4f4e\u5de5\u8cc7\u7684\u554f\u984c\u5df2\u7d93\u6709\u5f88\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u5269\u4e0b\u4f86\u8981\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\ufe50\u53ea\u662f\u6307\u51fa\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u932f\u8aa4\ufe50\u6539\u6b63\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u7406\u8ad6\u4e0a\u6216\u6578\u5b57\u8a08\u7b97\u4e0a\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u53cd\u5c0d\u6700\u4f4e\u5de5\u8cc7\u7684\u4eba\ufe50\u5e38\u5e38\u5f15\u7528\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\ufe50\u53bb\u8b49\u660e\u6700\u4f4e\u5de5\u8cc7\u6703\u5f15\u5931\u696d\u7387\u4e0a\u5347\u3002\u652f\u6301\u6700\u4f4e\u5de5\u8cc7\u7684\u4eba\ufe50\u96d6\u7136\u6c92\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u56b4\u7dca\u7684\u63a8\u7406\ufe50\u4f46\u662f\u6191\u76f4\u89ba\u8a8d\u70ba\u6700\u4f4e\u5de5\u8cc7\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u7aae\u4eba\u3002\u6211\u5728\u5c0b\u627e\u6700\u4f4e\u5de5\u8cc7\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6642\ufe50\u767c\u73fe\u4e86\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u4eba\u7684\u9019\u4efd\u5831\u544a\ufe50\u53ef\u4ee5\u6574\u5408\u6b63\u53cd\u96d9\u65b9\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\ufe50\u539f\u4f86\u5169\u8005\u5176\u5be6\u4fc2\u6c92\u6709\u8861\u7a81\u7684\u3002 Quote from The Economist Feb 1st 2001 \u201cDebating the Minimum Wage\u201d that the minimum-wage increase left the overall number of workers employed roughly the same, but reduced their hours. (Not implausible, given that most workers in the fast-food business are part-timers.) Then it would be true that the wage rise reduced the demand for &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2008\/09\/30\/%e6%9c%80%e4%bd%8e%e5%b7%a5%e8%b3%87%e7%9a%84%e7%88%ad%e8%ab%96%e5%9b%9b-%e6%9c%80%e4%bd%8e%e5%b7%a5%e8%b3%87%e8%88%87%e7%b6%93%e6%bf%9f%e7%90%86%e8%ab%96%e4%b8%a6%e6%b2%92%e6%9c%89%e8%a1%a1\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u6700\u4f4e\u5de5\u8cc7\u7684\u722d\u8ad6(\u56db) &#8211; \u6700\u4f4e\u5de5\u8cc7\u8207\u7d93\u6fdf\u7406\u8ad6\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u8861\u7a81<\/span> <span 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&quot;\u66f8\u8a55&quot;","block_context":{"text":"\u66f8\u8a55","link":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/category\/_books\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/12\/1725365054_154367f049.jpg?fit=320%2C500&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":14204,"url":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2020\/08\/31\/the-deficit-myth-stephanie-kelton\/","url_meta":{"origin":2041,"position":5},"title":"The Deficit Myth &#8211; Stephanie Kelton (\u8d64\u5b57\u8ff7\u601d)","author":"hevangel","date":"August 31, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"\u300c\u73fe\u4ee3\u8ca8\u5e63\u7406\u8ad6\u300d(Modern Monetary Theory, MMT)\u88ab\u4e3b\u6d41\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5bb6\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u7570\u7aef\u90aa\u8aaa\uff0c\u5b83\u4e3b\u5f35\u653f\u5e9c\u61c9\u8a72\u5927\u5e45\u767c\u50b5\u589e\u52a0\u958b\u652f\u523a\u6fc0\u7d93\u6fdf\u3002\u65b0\u805e\u5e38\u807d\u7f8e\u570b\u6b50\u76df\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u5168\u90fd\u50b5\u53f0\u9ad8\u7bc9\uff0c\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u6703\u544a\u8a22\u4f60\u50b5\u591a\u4e0d\u662f\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u9084\u50b5\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u7d93\u6fdf\u589e\u9577\u5f37\u52c1\u5c31\u842c\u4e8b\u5927\u5409\u3002\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u4f5c\u8005Stephanie Kelton\u65e9\u5e7e\u5e74\u9084\u662f\u540d\u4e0d\u7d93\u50b3\u7684\u4e8c\u6d41\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u8fd1\u5e74MMT\u9019\u53e6\u985e\u7d93\u6fdf\u7406\u8ad6\u958b\u59cb\u6d41\u884c\uff0c\u5979\u8eab\u70ba\u958b\u8352\u725b\u4ea6\u5347\u4e0a\u795e\u67b1\uff0c\u8207\u4e00\u773e\u8457\u540d\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u8005\u5e73\u8d77\u5e73\u5750\u3002\u4ee5\u524d\u4e3b\u6d41\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u8005\u5c0d\u300c\u73fe\u4ee3\u8ca8\u5e63\u7406\u8ad6\u300d\u55e4\u4e4b\u4ee5\u9f3b\uff0c\u9023\u8faf\u8ad6\u53cd\u99c1\u4e5f\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u6d6a\u8cbb\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u524e\u6709\u4ecb\u4e8b\u822c\u7684\u537b\u56b4\u9663\u4ee5\u5f85\uff0c\u53ef\u898bMMT\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u3002 \u9019\u672c\u66f8\u4e0d\u662f\u56b4\u7dca\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u8853\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u662fStephanie Kelton\u6df1\u5165\u6dfa\u51fa\u5730\u70ba\u4e00\u822c\u8b80\u8005\u4ecb\u7d39MMT\uff0c\u66f8\u4e2d\u5c64\u5c64\u63a8\u8ad6\u5f15\u5c0e\u8b80\u8005\u53bb\u601d\u8003\u73fe\u4eca\u793e\u6703\u7d93\u6fdf\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5165\u9580\u66f8\uff0c\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u7db2\u4e0a\u6279\u8a55MMT\u7684\u8072\u97f3\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u53cd\u5c04\u689d\u4ef6\u5730\u53cd\u5c0d\u653f\u5e9c\u7121\u9650\u8209\u50b5\uff0c\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u91dd\u5c0dMMT\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5167\u554f\u984c\u3002\u6211\u81ea\u8a8d\u662f\u7d93\u6fdf\u601d\u60f3\u5c6c\u65bc\u53f3\u6d3e\uff0c\u6df1\u53d7\u4f5b\u5229\u6c11\u548c\u5967\u5730\u5229\u5b78\u6d3e\u555f\u8499\uff0c\u4f46\u7adf\u7136\u80fd\u5920\u5168\u76e4\u63a5\u53d7MMT\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u6211\u4e3b\u8981\u53cd\u5c0dStephanie 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