{"id":2051,"date":"2008-10-04T23:23:23","date_gmt":"2008-10-05T07:23:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2008\/10\/04\/swing-vote-%e9%97%9c%e9%8d%b5%e6%8a%95%e7%a5%a8\/"},"modified":"2015-10-30T00:44:08","modified_gmt":"2015-10-30T08:44:08","slug":"swing-vote-%e9%97%9c%e9%8d%b5%e6%8a%95%e7%a5%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2008\/10\/04\/swing-vote-%e9%97%9c%e9%8d%b5%e6%8a%95%e7%a5%a8\/","title":{"rendered":"Swing Vote \u95dc\u9375\u6295\u7968"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/10\/swing_vote.jpg\" title=\"Swing Vote\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/10\/swing_vote.thumbnail.jpg?w=474\" alt=\"Swing Vote\" \/><\/a> 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&quot;\u96fb\u5f71&quot;","block_context":{"text":"\u96fb\u5f71","link":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/category\/_movies\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2007\/02\/man_of_the_year.jpg?fit=510%2C755&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":13930,"url":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2019\/11\/26\/the-arrow-impossibility-theorem-eric-maskin-and-amartya-sen\/","url_meta":{"origin":2051,"position":1},"title":"The Arrow Impossibility Theorem &#8211; Eric Maskin and Amartya Sen","author":"hevangel","date":"November 26, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"\u6587\u7ae0\u520a\u767b\u65bc\u7acb\u5834\u65b0\u805e \u62d6\u4e86\u5e7e\u500b\u661f\u671f\uff0c\u898b\u9999\u6e2f\u5340\u8b70\u6703\u9078\u8209\u5efa\u5236\u6158\u6557\uff0c\u9b06\u4e86\u4e00\u53e3\u6c23\u5f8c\uff0c\u624d\u6709\u5fc3\u60c5\u5beb\u9019\u7bc7\u66f8\u8a55\uff0c\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e00\u4e0b\u963f\u7f85\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5b9a\u7406 (Arrow's Impossibility Theorem) \u9019\u500b\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u6096\u8ad6 (Arrow's Impossibility Theorem \u53c8\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba \"Arrow's Paradox\") \u3002 \u81ea\u5f9e\u53cd\u9001\u4e2d\u904b\u52d5\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u64da\u6211\u5728\u7db2\u7d61\u5e73\u53f0\u7f75\u6230\u7684\u89c0\u5bdf\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6e2f\u4eba\u4e0d\u8ad6\u85cd\u7d72\u6216\u9ec3\u7d72\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u6703\u8cea\u7591\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u5408\u7406\u6027\u3002\u4e0d\u4f3c\u4e00\u4e9b\u88ab\u4e2d\u5171\u6d17\u8166\u7684\u5c0f\u7d05\u7c89\uff08\u6709\u6e2f\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u6d77\u5916\u83ef\u6a4b\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u4ee5\u5927\u9678\u4eba\u5c45\u591a\uff09\uff0c\u6703\u8aaa\u9999\u6e2f\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u4e82\u5c40\uff0c\u6b63\u597d\u5370\u8b49\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u5931\u6557\uff0c \u6240\u4ee5\u4e2d\u5171\u7684\u6975\u6b0a\u5c08\u653f\u6bd4\u6c11\u4e3b\u512a\u52dd\u4e91\u4e91\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u4eca\u5929\u4e82\u5c40\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u56e0\uff0c\u6b63\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u9999\u6e2f\u6c92\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u3002 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\u9019\u672c\u300aThe Arrow Impossiblity Theorem\u300b\uff0c\u6536\u9304\u4e86\u5169\u4f4d\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5bb6Eric Maskin\u548cAmartya Sen\u65bc\u54e5\u502b\u6bd4\u4e9e\u5927\u5b78\u95dc\u65bc\u300c\u963f\u7f85\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5b9a\u7406\u300d\u7684\u6f14\u8b1b\uff0c\u9023\u540c\u5beb\u5f15\u8a00(opneing remarks)\u7684Joseph Stiglitz\u548c\u5beb\u8a55\u8ff0\u53ca\u611f\u8a00\u7684\u4e3b\u89d2Kenneth Arrow\uff08\u963f\u7f85\u672c\u4eba\u662f\u4e5f\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u6709\u56db\u4f4d\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u5168\u90e8\u90fd\u662f\u5b78\u8853\u5de8\u661f\uff0c\u53ef\u8b02\u661f\u5149\u71a0\u71a0\u3002Sen\u7684\u6f14\u8b1b\u90e8\u4efd\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u8ad6\u8b49\u300c\u963f\u7f85\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5b9a\u7406\u300d\uff0c\u5b9a\u7406\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u592a\u96e3\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5f88\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u63a8\u8ad6\u3002Maskin\u7684\u6f14\u8b1b\u5247\u8ad6\u8b49majority rules\u6295\u7968\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6578\u7684\u73fe\u5be6\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u6eff\u8db3\u963f\u7f85\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u56db\u500b\u689d\u4ef6\uff0c\u628a\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u8b8a\u6210\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u8584\u8584\u4e00\u672c\u767e\u4e94\u9801\u7684\u5c0f\u66f8\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u6dfa\u51fa\u5730\u628a\u300c\u963f\u7f85\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5b9a\u7406\u300d\u89e3\u91cb\u6e05\u695a\u3002 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\u6295\u7968\u9078\u9805\u6392\u540d\u6c92\u6709\u9650\u5236 Unrestricted Domain (U) 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\u6c92\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u5de6\u53f3\u9078\u8209\u7d50\u679c Nondictatorship (D)\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;\u66f8\u8a55&quot;","block_context":{"text":"\u66f8\u8a55","link":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/category\/_books\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/9780231153287.jpg?fit=350%2C525&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":4775,"url":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2010\/08\/15\/%e6%97%a5%e5%8a%87change\/","url_meta":{"origin":2051,"position":2},"title":"\u65e5\u5287Change","author":"hevangel","date":"August 15, 2010","format":false,"excerpt":"\u525b\u525b\u653e\u4e00\u500b\u661f\u671f\u7684\u5927\u5047\ufe50\u9664\u4e86\u9592\u5728\u5bb6\u4e2d\u641e\u88dd\u4fee\u5916\ufe50\u4fbf\u4e00\u662f\u53e3\u6c23\u9023\u7172\u5169\u5957\u65e5\u5287\u300aChange\u300b\u548c\u300aMr. 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&quot;\u96fb\u8996&quot;","block_context":{"text":"\u96fb\u8996","link":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/category\/_tv\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/08\/change.jpg?fit=500%2C358&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1543,"url":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2007\/10\/29\/thank-you-for-smoking-%e5%90%b8%e7%85%99%e7%84%a1%e7%bd%aa\/","url_meta":{"origin":2051,"position":3},"title":"Thank You for Smoking \u5438\u7159\u7121\u7f6a","author":"hevangel","date":"October 29, 2007","format":false,"excerpt":"\u96f6\u4e94\u5e74\u4e0a\u6620\u7684\u300c\u5438\u7159\u7121\u7f6a\u300d\u96d6\u7136\u7372\u63d0\u540d\u91d1\u7403\u734e\ufe50\u4f46\u6c92\u6709\u5927\u660e\u661f\u5750\u9663\u6c92\u6709\u5f37\u529b\u5ba3\u50b3\ufe50\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u5957\u53eb\u597d\u4e0d\u53eb\u5ea7\u7684\u5c0f\u6210\u672c\u88fd\u4f5c\u3002\u9019\u5957\u5f71\u537b\u662f\u8fd1\u5e74\u6211\u770b\u904e\u6700\u597d\u7b11\u7684\u8af7\u523a\u559c\u5287\ufe50\u98a8\u683c\u8207Nicoles Cage\u7684\u300c\u8ecd\u706b\u4e4b\u738b\u300d(Lord of Wars)\u76f8\u4f3c\ufe50\u4f46\u5728\u9ed1\u8272\u5e7d\u9ed8\u4e2d\u6c92\u6709\u5982\u5f8c\u8005\u822c\u53eb\u4eba\u6c89\u91cd\u3002\u9019\u96fb\u5f71\u6539\u7bc7\u81eaChistopher 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