{"id":2178,"date":"2009-02-24T22:03:26","date_gmt":"2009-02-25T06:03:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2009\/02\/24\/%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e9%a0%98%e6%b4%97\/"},"modified":"2024-06-22T21:32:02","modified_gmt":"2024-06-23T05:32:02","slug":"%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e9%a0%98%e6%b4%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2009\/02\/24\/%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e9%a0%98%e6%b4%97\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u661f\u671f\u5929\u525b\u53c3\u52a0\u4e86\u670b\u53cb\u5c0f\u5b69\u7684\u9818\u6d17\u5100\u5f0f\ufe50\u624d\u767c\u73fe\u539f\u4f86\u6211\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u53c3\u89c0\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17\u3002\u9818\u6d17\u7684\u5100\u5f0f\u5f88\u7c21\u55ae\ufe50\u524d\u534a\u6bb5\u795e\u7236\u7167\u4f8b\u8b80\u7d93\u8b1b\u9053\ufe50\u6211\u5247\u7167\u4f8b\u6253\u55d1\u7761\u3002\u5f8c\u534a\u6bb5\u7236\u6bcd\u62b1\u8457\u5b30\u5152\u4e0a\u5230\u796d\u53f0\u524d\ufe50\u4e00\u500b\u500b\u50cf\u5718\u9eb5\u7c89\u7684\u5b30\u5b69\ufe50\u6392\u8457\u968a\u7d66\u795e\u7236\u6d17\u79ae\u3002\u795e\u7236\u5148\u628a\u8056\u6c34\u5012\u5728\u5b30\u5152\u982d\u4e0a\ufe50\u518d\u7528\u6cb9\u5728\u984d\u4e0a\u5283\u5341\u5b57\u8056\u865f\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u5b30\u5152\u6fd5\u6c34\u89ba\u5f97\u4e0d\u8212\u670d\ufe50\u4fbf\u53d7\u9a5a\u5927\u54ed\u8d77\u4f86\ufe50\u4e0d\u904e\u7236\u6bcd\u89aa\u53cb\u5012\u5728\u958b\u5fc3\u5730\u7b11\u3002\u5b8c\u6210\u79ae\u5100\u5f8c\u81ea\u7136\u662f\u5408\u7167\u6642\u9593\ufe50\u89aa\u53cb\u524d\u4f86\u62cd\u7167\u7559\u5ff5\u548c\u9017\u73a9\u5b30\u5152\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8aaa\u8d77\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17\ufe50\u6211\u8a18\u8d77\u5927\u5b78\u6642\u4ee3\u6709\u4e9b\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u670b\u53cb\u5f88\u53cd\u5c0d\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u61c9\u8a72\u8981\u4fe1\u4e3b\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u9818\u6d17\ufe50\u525b\u51fa\u751f\u5e7e\u500b\u6708\u7684\u5b30\u5152\ufe50\u9023\u53eb\u5abd\u5abd\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6703\ufe50\u600e\u53ef\u80fd\u61c2\u5f97\u4fe1\u4e3b\u5462\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5805\u7a31\u81ea\u5df1\u53cd\u5c0d\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17\u6709\u8056\u7d93\u6839\u64da\ufe50\u5012\u4e0d\u5982\u8aaa\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u5c0d\u9818\u6d17\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u8207\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5206\u5225\u3002\u9818\u6d17\u5c0d\u65bc\u4ed6\u5011\u4f86\u8aaa\ufe50\u53ea\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u4fe1\u4e3b\u7684\u898b\u8b49\ufe50\u4e00\u500b\u6d17\u6de8\u672a\u4fe1\u524d\u72af\u7f6a\u7684\u5100\u5f0f\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u5148\u8981\u4fe1\u4e3b\u8a8d\u7f6a\u6094\u6539\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u9818\u6d17\ufe50\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u8981\u6210\u4eba\u624d\u6709\u8cc7\u683c\u9818\u6d17\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u90fd\u53cd\u5c0d\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17\ufe50\u8056\u516c\u6703\ufe50\u8def\u5fb7\u6703\ufe50\u5faa\u9053\u6703\u5247\u4fdd\u7559\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\ufe50\u53cd\u5c0d\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6d78\u4fe1\u6703\u548c\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5c0d\u9818\u6d17\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u3002\u9818\u6d17\u4e26\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5100\u5f0f\ufe50\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u8056\u4e8b\u3002\u8056\u4e8b\u5c31\u662f\u795e\u5728\u4e16\u4e0a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\ufe50\u5c0d\u9818\u53d7\u8056\u4e8b\u7684\u4eba\u7522\u751f\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u5ba2\u89c0\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\u3002\u795e\u900f\u904e\u9818\u6d17\u628a\u8056\u9748\u7d66\u8207\u5b30\u5152\ufe50\u5b30\u5152\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u76f8\u4fe1\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u61c2\u5f97\u76f8\u4fe1\ufe50\u5df2\u7d93\u53ef\u4ee5\u9818\u53d7\u8056\u9748\u3002\u4fe1\u4e3b\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u9818\u6d17\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u689d\u4ef6\ufe50\u9818\u6d17\u662f\u8b93\u8056\u9748\u964d\u81e8\u5728\u8eab\u4e0a\ufe50\u8b93\u8056\u9748\u958b\u59cb\u7942\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4e5f\u8a31\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6703\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u6297\u8b70\ufe50\u8a8d\u70ba\u8056\u9748\u81e8\u5728\u4e0d\u4fe1\u4e3b\u7684\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\ufe50\u4ed6\u5011\u8981\u4fe1\u4e86\u4e3b\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7368\u4f54\u8056\u9748\u554a\ufe57\u9019\u9ede\u5c31\u662f\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u8207\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5206\u5225\u3002\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u4e0d\u5426\u8a8d\u8056\u9748\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\ufe50\u7576\u7136\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u5305\u62ec\u4fe1\u548c\u4e0d\u4fe1\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u5176\u5be6\u8056\u9748\u53ea\u80fd\u964d\u81e8\u5728\u76f8\u4fe1\u7684\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\ufe50\u5728\u795e\u5b78\u4e0a\u4e5f\u8aaa\u4e0d\u901a\ufe50\u56e0\u70ba\u4eba\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6297\u62d2\u795e\u6069\u5178\u3002\u7e3d\u4e0d\u6210\u56e0\u70ba\u4eba\u4f5c\u51fa\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u4fe1\u7684\u6c7a\u5b9a\ufe50\u5c31\u5f71\u97ff\u795e\u5982\u4f55\u5b89\u6392\u8056\u9748\u5728\u4e16\u4e0a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u4e2d\u63a5\u53d7\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17\u7684\u4eba\ufe50\u61c2\u4e8b\u5f8c\u9084\u8981\u53c3\u52a0\u9053\u7406\u73ed\u63a5\u53d7\u5805\u632f\u79ae\ufe50\u53bb\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\u80af\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3002\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5247\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u5012\u884c\u9006\u65bd\ufe50\u6155\u9053\u8005\u8981\u5148\u6c7a\u5fd7\u80af\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\ufe50\u518d\u53c3\u52a0\u9053\u7406\u73ed\u6700\u5f8c\u624d\u9818\u6d17\u3002\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u9818\u6d17\u59a8\u5ffd\u662f\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u7d42\u7d50\ufe50\u9818\u4e86\u6d17\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fbf\u53ef\u5927\u5b89\u65e8\u610f\u7b49\u5165\u5929\u5802\u3002\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u9818\u6d17\u537b\u53ea\u662f\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u958b\u59cb\ufe50\u8e0f\u51fa\u6f2b\u9577\u6210\u8056\u4e4b\u8def\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u661f\u671f\u5929\u525b\u53c3\u52a0\u4e86\u670b\u53cb\u5c0f\u5b69\u7684\u9818\u6d17\u5100\u5f0f\ufe50\u624d\u767c\u73fe\u539f\u4f86\u6211\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u53c3\u89c0\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17\u3002\u9818\u6d17\u7684\u5100\u5f0f\u5f88\u7c21\u55ae\ufe50\u524d\u534a\u6bb5\u795e\u7236\u7167\u4f8b\u8b80\u7d93\u8b1b\u9053\ufe50\u6211\u5247\u7167\u4f8b\u6253\u55d1\u7761\u3002\u5f8c\u534a\u6bb5\u7236\u6bcd\u62b1\u8457\u5b30\u5152\u4e0a\u5230\u796d\u53f0\u524d\ufe50\u4e00\u500b\u500b\u50cf\u5718\u9eb5\u7c89\u7684\u5b30\u5b69\ufe50\u6392\u8457\u968a\u7d66\u795e\u7236\u6d17\u79ae\u3002\u795e\u7236\u5148\u628a\u8056\u6c34\u5012\u5728\u5b30\u5152\u982d\u4e0a\ufe50\u518d\u7528\u6cb9\u5728\u984d\u4e0a\u5283\u5341\u5b57\u8056\u865f\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u5b30\u5152\u6fd5\u6c34\u89ba\u5f97\u4e0d\u8212\u670d\ufe50\u4fbf\u53d7\u9a5a\u5927\u54ed\u8d77\u4f86\ufe50\u4e0d\u904e\u7236\u6bcd\u89aa\u53cb\u5012\u5728\u958b\u5fc3\u5730\u7b11\u3002\u5b8c\u6210\u79ae\u5100\u5f8c\u81ea\u7136\u662f\u5408\u7167\u6642\u9593\ufe50\u89aa\u53cb\u524d\u4f86\u62cd\u7167\u7559\u5ff5\u548c\u9017\u73a9\u5b30\u5152\u3002 \u8aaa\u8d77\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17\ufe50\u6211\u8a18\u8d77\u5927\u5b78\u6642\u4ee3\u6709\u4e9b\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u670b\u53cb\u5f88\u53cd\u5c0d\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u61c9\u8a72\u8981\u4fe1\u4e3b\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u9818\u6d17\ufe50\u525b\u51fa\u751f\u5e7e\u500b\u6708\u7684\u5b30\u5152\ufe50\u9023\u53eb\u5abd\u5abd\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6703\ufe50\u600e\u53ef\u80fd\u61c2\u5f97\u4fe1\u4e3b\u5462\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5805\u7a31\u81ea\u5df1\u53cd\u5c0d\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17\u6709\u8056\u7d93\u6839\u64da\ufe50\u5012\u4e0d\u5982\u8aaa\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u5c0d\u9818\u6d17\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u8207\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5206\u5225\u3002\u9818\u6d17\u5c0d\u65bc\u4ed6\u5011\u4f86\u8aaa\ufe50\u53ea\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u4fe1\u4e3b\u7684\u898b\u8b49\ufe50\u4e00\u500b\u6d17\u6de8\u672a\u4fe1\u524d\u72af\u7f6a\u7684\u5100\u5f0f\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u5148\u8981\u4fe1\u4e3b\u8a8d\u7f6a\u6094\u6539\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u9818\u6d17\ufe50\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u8981\u6210\u4eba\u624d\u6709\u8cc7\u683c\u9818\u6d17\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u90fd\u53cd\u5c0d\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17\ufe50\u8056\u516c\u6703\ufe50\u8def\u5fb7\u6703\ufe50\u5faa\u9053\u6703\u5247\u4fdd\u7559\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\ufe50\u53cd\u5c0d\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6d78\u4fe1\u6703\u548c\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u3002 \u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5c0d\u9818\u6d17\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u3002\u9818\u6d17\u4e26\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5100\u5f0f\ufe50\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u8056\u4e8b\u3002\u8056\u4e8b\u5c31\u662f\u795e\u5728\u4e16\u4e0a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\ufe50\u5c0d\u9818\u53d7\u8056\u4e8b\u7684\u4eba\u7522\u751f\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u5ba2\u89c0\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\u3002\u795e\u900f\u904e\u9818\u6d17\u628a\u8056\u9748\u7d66\u8207\u5b30\u5152\ufe50\u5b30\u5152\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u76f8\u4fe1\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u61c2\u5f97\u76f8\u4fe1\ufe50\u5df2\u7d93\u53ef\u4ee5\u9818\u53d7\u8056\u9748\u3002\u4fe1\u4e3b\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u9818\u6d17\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u689d\u4ef6\ufe50\u9818\u6d17\u662f\u8b93\u8056\u9748\u964d\u81e8\u5728\u8eab\u4e0a\ufe50\u8b93\u8056\u9748\u958b\u59cb\u7942\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4e5f\u8a31\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6703\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u6297\u8b70\ufe50\u8a8d\u70ba\u8056\u9748\u81e8\u5728\u4e0d\u4fe1\u4e3b\u7684\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\ufe50\u4ed6\u5011\u8981\u4fe1\u4e86\u4e3b\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7368\u4f54\u8056\u9748\u554a\ufe57\u9019\u9ede\u5c31\u662f\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u8207\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5206\u5225\u3002\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u4e0d\u5426\u8a8d\u8056\u9748\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\ufe50\u7576\u7136\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u5305\u62ec\u4fe1\u548c\u4e0d\u4fe1\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u5176\u5be6\u8056\u9748\u53ea\u80fd\u964d\u81e8\u5728\u76f8\u4fe1\u7684\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\ufe50\u5728\u795e\u5b78\u4e0a\u4e5f\u8aaa\u4e0d\u901a\ufe50\u56e0\u70ba\u4eba\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6297\u62d2\u795e\u6069\u5178\u3002\u7e3d\u4e0d\u6210\u56e0\u70ba\u4eba\u4f5c\u51fa\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u4fe1\u7684\u6c7a\u5b9a\ufe50\u5c31\u5f71\u97ff\u795e\u5982\u4f55\u5b89\u6392\u8056\u9748\u5728\u4e16\u4e0a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5427\u3002 \u5728\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u4e2d\u63a5\u53d7\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17\u7684\u4eba\ufe50\u61c2\u4e8b\u5f8c\u9084\u8981\u53c3\u52a0\u9053\u7406\u73ed\u63a5\u53d7\u5805\u632f\u79ae\ufe50\u53bb\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\u80af\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3002\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5247\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u5012\u884c\u9006\u65bd\ufe50\u6155\u9053\u8005\u8981\u5148\u6c7a\u5fd7\u80af\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\ufe50\u518d\u53c3\u52a0\u9053\u7406\u73ed\u6700\u5f8c\u624d\u9818\u6d17\u3002\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u9818\u6d17\u59a8\u5ffd\u662f\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u7d42\u7d50\ufe50\u9818\u4e86\u6d17\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fbf\u53ef\u5927\u5b89\u65e8\u610f\u7b49\u5165\u5929\u5802\u3002\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u9818\u6d17\u537b\u53ea\u662f\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u958b\u59cb\ufe50\u8e0f\u51fa\u6f2b\u9577\u6210\u8056\u4e4b\u8def\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":15969,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"lc_iscn_info":[],"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[34],"tags":[992],"class_list":["post-2178","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-_religions","tag-992"],"yoast_head":"\n\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17 - \u54f2\u5b50\u6232 Philosophist\u2019s Camp<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u661f\u671f\u5929\u525b\u53c3\u52a0\u4e86\u670b\u53cb\u5c0f\u5b69\u7684\u9818\u6d17\u5100\u5f0f\ufe50\u624d\u767c\u73fe\u539f\u4f86\u6211\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u53c3\u89c0\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17\u3002\u9818\u6d17\u7684\u5100\u5f0f\u5f88\u7c21\u55ae\ufe50\u524d\u534a\u6bb5\u795e\u7236\u7167\u4f8b\u8b80\u7d93\u8b1b\u9053\ufe50\u6211\u5247\u7167\u4f8b\u6253\u55d1\u7761\u3002\u5f8c\u534a\u6bb5\u7236\u6bcd\u62b1\u8457\u5b30\u5152\u4e0a\u5230\u796d\u53f0\u524d\ufe50\u4e00\u500b\u500b\u50cf\u5718\u9eb5\u7c89\u7684\u5b30\u5b69\ufe50\u6392\u8457\u968a\u7d66\u795e\u7236\u6d17\u79ae\u3002\u795e\u7236\u5148\u628a\u8056\u6c34\u5012\u5728\u5b30\u5152\u982d\u4e0a\ufe50\u518d\u7528\u6cb9\u5728\u984d\u4e0a\u5283\u5341\u5b57\u8056\u865f\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u5b30\u5152\u6fd5\u6c34\u89ba\u5f97\u4e0d\u8212\u670d\ufe50\u4fbf\u53d7\u9a5a\u5927\u54ed\u8d77\u4f86\ufe50\u4e0d\u904e\u7236\u6bcd\u89aa\u53cb\u5012\u5728\u958b\u5fc3\u5730\u7b11\u3002\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2009\/02\/24\/\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17 - \u54f2\u5b50\u6232 Philosophist\u2019s Camp\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u661f\u671f\u5929\u525b\u53c3\u52a0\u4e86\u670b\u53cb\u5c0f\u5b69\u7684\u9818\u6d17\u5100\u5f0f\ufe50\u624d\u767c\u73fe\u539f\u4f86\u6211\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u53c3\u89c0\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17\u3002\u9818\u6d17\u7684\u5100\u5f0f\u5f88\u7c21\u55ae\ufe50\u524d\u534a\u6bb5\u795e\u7236\u7167\u4f8b\u8b80\u7d93\u8b1b\u9053\ufe50\u6211\u5247\u7167\u4f8b\u6253\u55d1\u7761\u3002\u5f8c\u534a\u6bb5\u7236\u6bcd\u62b1\u8457\u5b30\u5152\u4e0a\u5230\u796d\u53f0\u524d\ufe50\u4e00\u500b\u500b\u50cf\u5718\u9eb5\u7c89\u7684\u5b30\u5b69\ufe50\u6392\u8457\u968a\u7d66\u795e\u7236\u6d17\u79ae\u3002\u795e\u7236\u5148\u628a\u8056\u6c34\u5012\u5728\u5b30\u5152\u982d\u4e0a\ufe50\u518d\u7528\u6cb9\u5728\u984d\u4e0a\u5283\u5341\u5b57\u8056\u865f\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u5b30\u5152\u6fd5\u6c34\u89ba\u5f97\u4e0d\u8212\u670d\ufe50\u4fbf\u53d7\u9a5a\u5927\u54ed\u8d77\u4f86\ufe50\u4e0d\u904e\u7236\u6bcd\u89aa\u53cb\u5012\u5728\u958b\u5fc3\u5730\u7b11\u3002\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2009\/02\/24\/\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u54f2\u5b50\u6232 Philosophist\u2019s Camp\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/horace.org\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/horace.org\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2009-02-25T06:03:26+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-06-23T05:32:02+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/w1200.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"533\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"hevangel\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@horaceorg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@horaceorg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"hevangel\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/2009\\\/02\\\/24\\\/%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e9%a0%98%e6%b4%97\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/2009\\\/02\\\/24\\\/%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e9%a0%98%e6%b4%97\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"hevangel\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/c8d9e8e7a71d343b4b2c4ef4365cdb4c\"},\"headline\":\"\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17\",\"datePublished\":\"2009-02-25T06:03:26+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-06-23T05:32:02+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/2009\\\/02\\\/24\\\/%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e9%a0%98%e6%b4%97\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":0,\"commentCount\":20,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/c8d9e8e7a71d343b4b2c4ef4365cdb4c\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/2009\\\/02\\\/24\\\/%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e9%a0%98%e6%b4%97\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/w1200.jpg?fit=800%2C533&ssl=1\",\"keywords\":[\"\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\"],\"articleSection\":[\"\u5b97\u6559\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-CA\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/2009\\\/02\\\/24\\\/%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e9%a0%98%e6%b4%97\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/2009\\\/02\\\/24\\\/%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e9%a0%98%e6%b4%97\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/2009\\\/02\\\/24\\\/%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e9%a0%98%e6%b4%97\\\/\",\"name\":\"\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17 - \u54f2\u5b50\u6232 Philosophist\u2019s Camp\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/2009\\\/02\\\/24\\\/%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e9%a0%98%e6%b4%97\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/2009\\\/02\\\/24\\\/%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e9%a0%98%e6%b4%97\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/w1200.jpg?fit=800%2C533&ssl=1\",\"datePublished\":\"2009-02-25T06:03:26+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-06-23T05:32:02+00:00\",\"description\":\"\u661f\u671f\u5929\u525b\u53c3\u52a0\u4e86\u670b\u53cb\u5c0f\u5b69\u7684\u9818\u6d17\u5100\u5f0f\ufe50\u624d\u767c\u73fe\u539f\u4f86\u6211\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u53c3\u89c0\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17\u3002\u9818\u6d17\u7684\u5100\u5f0f\u5f88\u7c21\u55ae\ufe50\u524d\u534a\u6bb5\u795e\u7236\u7167\u4f8b\u8b80\u7d93\u8b1b\u9053\ufe50\u6211\u5247\u7167\u4f8b\u6253\u55d1\u7761\u3002\u5f8c\u534a\u6bb5\u7236\u6bcd\u62b1\u8457\u5b30\u5152\u4e0a\u5230\u796d\u53f0\u524d\ufe50\u4e00\u500b\u500b\u50cf\u5718\u9eb5\u7c89\u7684\u5b30\u5b69\ufe50\u6392\u8457\u968a\u7d66\u795e\u7236\u6d17\u79ae\u3002\u795e\u7236\u5148\u628a\u8056\u6c34\u5012\u5728\u5b30\u5152\u982d\u4e0a\ufe50\u518d\u7528\u6cb9\u5728\u984d\u4e0a\u5283\u5341\u5b57\u8056\u865f\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u5b30\u5152\u6fd5\u6c34\u89ba\u5f97\u4e0d\u8212\u670d\ufe50\u4fbf\u53d7\u9a5a\u5927\u54ed\u8d77\u4f86\ufe50\u4e0d\u904e\u7236\u6bcd\u89aa\u53cb\u5012\u5728\u958b\u5fc3\u5730\u7b11\u3002\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/2009\\\/02\\\/24\\\/%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e9%a0%98%e6%b4%97\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-CA\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/2009\\\/02\\\/24\\\/%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e9%a0%98%e6%b4%97\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-CA\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/2009\\\/02\\\/24\\\/%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e9%a0%98%e6%b4%97\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/w1200.jpg?fit=800%2C533&ssl=1\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/w1200.jpg?fit=800%2C533&ssl=1\",\"width\":800,\"height\":533},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/2009\\\/02\\\/24\\\/%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e9%a0%98%e6%b4%97\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/\",\"name\":\"\u54f2\u5b50\u6232 Philosophist\u2019s Camp\",\"description\":\"\u860b\u679c\u65e5\u5831\u4f5c\u8005 - \u9673\u99ac\uff1a\u66f8\u8a55\uff0c\u5f71\u8a55\uff0c\u52d5\u6f2b\uff0c\u65c5\u884c\uff0c\u54f2\u5b78\u7b46\u8a18\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/c8d9e8e7a71d343b4b2c4ef4365cdb4c\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-CA\"},{\"@type\":[\"Person\",\"Organization\"],\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/c8d9e8e7a71d343b4b2c4ef4365cdb4c\",\"name\":\"hevangel\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-CA\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/11\\\/spocky.jpg?fit=1313%2C1259&ssl=1\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/11\\\/spocky.jpg?fit=1313%2C1259&ssl=1\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/11\\\/spocky.jpg?fit=1313%2C1259&ssl=1\",\"width\":1313,\"height\":1259,\"caption\":\"hevangel\"},\"logo\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/11\\\/spocky.jpg?fit=1313%2C1259&ssl=1\"},\"sameAs\":[\"http:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/horace.org\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.horace.org\\\/blog\\\/author\\\/hevangel-2\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17 - \u54f2\u5b50\u6232 Philosophist\u2019s Camp","description":"\u661f\u671f\u5929\u525b\u53c3\u52a0\u4e86\u670b\u53cb\u5c0f\u5b69\u7684\u9818\u6d17\u5100\u5f0f\ufe50\u624d\u767c\u73fe\u539f\u4f86\u6211\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u53c3\u89c0\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17\u3002\u9818\u6d17\u7684\u5100\u5f0f\u5f88\u7c21\u55ae\ufe50\u524d\u534a\u6bb5\u795e\u7236\u7167\u4f8b\u8b80\u7d93\u8b1b\u9053\ufe50\u6211\u5247\u7167\u4f8b\u6253\u55d1\u7761\u3002\u5f8c\u534a\u6bb5\u7236\u6bcd\u62b1\u8457\u5b30\u5152\u4e0a\u5230\u796d\u53f0\u524d\ufe50\u4e00\u500b\u500b\u50cf\u5718\u9eb5\u7c89\u7684\u5b30\u5b69\ufe50\u6392\u8457\u968a\u7d66\u795e\u7236\u6d17\u79ae\u3002\u795e\u7236\u5148\u628a\u8056\u6c34\u5012\u5728\u5b30\u5152\u982d\u4e0a\ufe50\u518d\u7528\u6cb9\u5728\u984d\u4e0a\u5283\u5341\u5b57\u8056\u865f\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u5b30\u5152\u6fd5\u6c34\u89ba\u5f97\u4e0d\u8212\u670d\ufe50\u4fbf\u53d7\u9a5a\u5927\u54ed\u8d77\u4f86\ufe50\u4e0d\u904e\u7236\u6bcd\u89aa\u53cb\u5012\u5728\u958b\u5fc3\u5730\u7b11\u3002","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2009\/02\/24\/\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17 - \u54f2\u5b50\u6232 Philosophist\u2019s Camp","og_description":"\u661f\u671f\u5929\u525b\u53c3\u52a0\u4e86\u670b\u53cb\u5c0f\u5b69\u7684\u9818\u6d17\u5100\u5f0f\ufe50\u624d\u767c\u73fe\u539f\u4f86\u6211\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u53c3\u89c0\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17\u3002\u9818\u6d17\u7684\u5100\u5f0f\u5f88\u7c21\u55ae\ufe50\u524d\u534a\u6bb5\u795e\u7236\u7167\u4f8b\u8b80\u7d93\u8b1b\u9053\ufe50\u6211\u5247\u7167\u4f8b\u6253\u55d1\u7761\u3002\u5f8c\u534a\u6bb5\u7236\u6bcd\u62b1\u8457\u5b30\u5152\u4e0a\u5230\u796d\u53f0\u524d\ufe50\u4e00\u500b\u500b\u50cf\u5718\u9eb5\u7c89\u7684\u5b30\u5b69\ufe50\u6392\u8457\u968a\u7d66\u795e\u7236\u6d17\u79ae\u3002\u795e\u7236\u5148\u628a\u8056\u6c34\u5012\u5728\u5b30\u5152\u982d\u4e0a\ufe50\u518d\u7528\u6cb9\u5728\u984d\u4e0a\u5283\u5341\u5b57\u8056\u865f\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u5b30\u5152\u6fd5\u6c34\u89ba\u5f97\u4e0d\u8212\u670d\ufe50\u4fbf\u53d7\u9a5a\u5927\u54ed\u8d77\u4f86\ufe50\u4e0d\u904e\u7236\u6bcd\u89aa\u53cb\u5012\u5728\u958b\u5fc3\u5730\u7b11\u3002","og_url":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2009\/02\/24\/\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17\/","og_site_name":"\u54f2\u5b50\u6232 Philosophist\u2019s Camp","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/horace.org","article_author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/horace.org","article_published_time":"2009-02-25T06:03:26+00:00","article_modified_time":"2024-06-23T05:32:02+00:00","og_image":[{"width":800,"height":533,"url":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/w1200.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"hevangel","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@horaceorg","twitter_site":"@horaceorg","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"hevangel","Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2009\/02\/24\/%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e9%a0%98%e6%b4%97\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2009\/02\/24\/%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e9%a0%98%e6%b4%97\/"},"author":{"name":"hevangel","@id":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/c8d9e8e7a71d343b4b2c4ef4365cdb4c"},"headline":"\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17","datePublished":"2009-02-25T06:03:26+00:00","dateModified":"2024-06-23T05:32:02+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2009\/02\/24\/%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e9%a0%98%e6%b4%97\/"},"wordCount":0,"commentCount":20,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/c8d9e8e7a71d343b4b2c4ef4365cdb4c"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2009\/02\/24\/%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e9%a0%98%e6%b4%97\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/w1200.jpg?fit=800%2C533&ssl=1","keywords":["\u5929\u4e3b\u6559"],"articleSection":["\u5b97\u6559"],"inLanguage":"en-CA","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2009\/02\/24\/%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e9%a0%98%e6%b4%97\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2009\/02\/24\/%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e9%a0%98%e6%b4%97\/","url":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2009\/02\/24\/%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e9%a0%98%e6%b4%97\/","name":"\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17 - \u54f2\u5b50\u6232 Philosophist\u2019s Camp","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2009\/02\/24\/%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e9%a0%98%e6%b4%97\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2009\/02\/24\/%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e9%a0%98%e6%b4%97\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/w1200.jpg?fit=800%2C533&ssl=1","datePublished":"2009-02-25T06:03:26+00:00","dateModified":"2024-06-23T05:32:02+00:00","description":"\u661f\u671f\u5929\u525b\u53c3\u52a0\u4e86\u670b\u53cb\u5c0f\u5b69\u7684\u9818\u6d17\u5100\u5f0f\ufe50\u624d\u767c\u73fe\u539f\u4f86\u6211\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u53c3\u89c0\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17\u3002\u9818\u6d17\u7684\u5100\u5f0f\u5f88\u7c21\u55ae\ufe50\u524d\u534a\u6bb5\u795e\u7236\u7167\u4f8b\u8b80\u7d93\u8b1b\u9053\ufe50\u6211\u5247\u7167\u4f8b\u6253\u55d1\u7761\u3002\u5f8c\u534a\u6bb5\u7236\u6bcd\u62b1\u8457\u5b30\u5152\u4e0a\u5230\u796d\u53f0\u524d\ufe50\u4e00\u500b\u500b\u50cf\u5718\u9eb5\u7c89\u7684\u5b30\u5b69\ufe50\u6392\u8457\u968a\u7d66\u795e\u7236\u6d17\u79ae\u3002\u795e\u7236\u5148\u628a\u8056\u6c34\u5012\u5728\u5b30\u5152\u982d\u4e0a\ufe50\u518d\u7528\u6cb9\u5728\u984d\u4e0a\u5283\u5341\u5b57\u8056\u865f\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u5b30\u5152\u6fd5\u6c34\u89ba\u5f97\u4e0d\u8212\u670d\ufe50\u4fbf\u53d7\u9a5a\u5927\u54ed\u8d77\u4f86\ufe50\u4e0d\u904e\u7236\u6bcd\u89aa\u53cb\u5012\u5728\u958b\u5fc3\u5730\u7b11\u3002","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2009\/02\/24\/%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e9%a0%98%e6%b4%97\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-CA","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2009\/02\/24\/%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e9%a0%98%e6%b4%97\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-CA","@id":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2009\/02\/24\/%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e9%a0%98%e6%b4%97\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/w1200.jpg?fit=800%2C533&ssl=1","contentUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/w1200.jpg?fit=800%2C533&ssl=1","width":800,"height":533},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2009\/02\/24\/%e5%ac%b0%e5%85%92%e9%a0%98%e6%b4%97\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/","name":"\u54f2\u5b50\u6232 Philosophist\u2019s Camp","description":"\u860b\u679c\u65e5\u5831\u4f5c\u8005 - \u9673\u99ac\uff1a\u66f8\u8a55\uff0c\u5f71\u8a55\uff0c\u52d5\u6f2b\uff0c\u65c5\u884c\uff0c\u54f2\u5b78\u7b46\u8a18","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/c8d9e8e7a71d343b4b2c4ef4365cdb4c"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-CA"},{"@type":["Person","Organization"],"@id":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/c8d9e8e7a71d343b4b2c4ef4365cdb4c","name":"hevangel","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-CA","@id":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/spocky.jpg?fit=1313%2C1259&ssl=1","url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/spocky.jpg?fit=1313%2C1259&ssl=1","contentUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/spocky.jpg?fit=1313%2C1259&ssl=1","width":1313,"height":1259,"caption":"hevangel"},"logo":{"@id":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/spocky.jpg?fit=1313%2C1259&ssl=1"},"sameAs":["http:\/\/www.horace.org","https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/horace.org"],"url":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/author\/hevangel-2\/"}]}},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/w1200.jpg?fit=800%2C533&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pwn21-z8","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":1408,"url":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2007\/07\/21\/%e5%9f%ba%e7%9d%a3%e6%95%99%e6%80%9d%e6%83%b3%e5%8f%b2-%e7%ac%ac%e4%ba%8c%e7%ab%a0%ef%b9%95%e8%ab%be%e6%96%af%e5%ba%95%e4%b8%bb%e7%be%a9\/","url_meta":{"origin":2178,"position":0},"title":"\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u601d\u60f3\u53f2\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8-\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\ufe55\u65e9\u671f\u6559\u6703\u8207\u8afe\u65af\u5e95\u4e3b\u7fa9","author":"hevangel","date":"July 21, 2007","format":false,"excerpt":"\u65e9\u671f\u6559\u6703\u5c0d\u5916\u8981\u627a\u6297\u5e0c\u81d8\u54f2\u5b78\u548c\u7f85\u99ac\u5e1d\u570b\u7684\u6311\u6230\ufe50\u5c0d\u5167\u5247\u8981\u61c9\u4ed8\u8afe\u65af\u5e95\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5f71\u97ff\u5206\u5316\u6559\u6703\u7684\u5a01\u8105\u3002\u8afe\u65af\u5e95\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e26\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5206\u652f\ufe50\u800c\u662f\u5728\u53e4\u4ee3\u4e00\u500b\u6a6b\u8de8\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u904b\u52d5\u3002\u8afe\u65af\u5e95\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5f37\u8abf\u5b97\u6559\u6027\u7684\u795e\u79d8\u4e3b\u7fa9\ufe50\u8a8d\u70ba\u53ea\u6709\u901a\u904e\u795e\u79d8\u77e5\u8b58\u624d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u6551\u8d16\u3002\u8afe\u65af\u5e95\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\u820a\u7d04\ufe50\u53ea\u4fdd\u7559\u65b0\u7d04\u4e2d\u8207\u8afe\u65af\u5e95\u601d\u60f3\u543b\u5408\u7684\u90e8\u4efd\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u4e3b\u5f35\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e8c\u5206\ufe50\u8a8d\u70ba\u88ab\u9020\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u5145\u6eff\u90aa\u60e1\ufe50\u53ea\u6709\u6368\u68c4\u4e16\u754c\u5fc3\u9748\u624d\u5f97\u5230\u91cb\u653e\u3002\u8036\u7a4c\u5728\u8afe\u65af\u5e95\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4ea6\u5145\u7576\u6551\u4e16\u8005\u7684\u89d2\u8272\ufe50\u7942\u5316\u8eab\u70ba\u5584\u795e\u4f86\u5230\u4e16\u754c\ufe50\u5c0d\u6297\u820a\u7d04\u4e2d\u7684\u90aa\u795e\u8036\u548c\u83ef\u3002 \u65e9\u671f\u6559\u6703\u900f\u904e\u53cd\u8afe\u65af\u5e95\u904b\u52d5\ufe50\u78ba\u7acb\u4e86\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5927\u516c\u6559\u6703\u7684\u96db\u5f62\ufe50\u5176\u4e2dIrenaeus\ufe50 Tertullian\u548cHippolytus\u662f\u4e09\u4f4d\u6700\u6709\u540d\u7684\u53cd\u8afe\u65af\u5e95\u4e3b\u7fa9\u795e\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002\u8afe\u65af\u5e95\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5c0d\u6559\u6703\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6311\u6230\ufe50\u662f\u5ba3\u7a31\u4ed6\u5011\u64c1\u6709\u8036\u7a4c\u7684\u79d8\u5bc6\u8a13\u793a\ufe50\u4e26\u4ee5\u53e6\u4e00\u5957\u65b9\u6cd5\u53bb\u8a6e\u8b6f\u89e3\u8b80\u795e\u7684\u8a71\u8a9e\u3002\u65bc\u662f\u6559\u6703\u7d44\u7e54\u548c\u5efa\u7acb\u6b63\u7d71\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u7cfb\u7d71\ufe50\u80af\u5b9a\u8056\u7d93\u6b63\u5178\u7684\u66f8\u76ee\ufe50\u85c9\u8457\u5b97\u5f92\u50b3\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\ufe50\u8b93\u4e3b\u6559\u5718\u64c1\u6709\u89e3\u8b80\u8056\u7d93\u7684\u6b0a\u67c4\u3002 \u7531\u65bc\u8afe\u65af\u5e95\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5ba3\u7a31\u64c1\u6709\u8056\u9748\u7684\u529b\u91cf\ufe50\u4e26\u53ef\u4ee5\u900f\u904e\u8056\u9748\u63a5\u6536\u65b0\u7684\u555f\u793a\ufe50\u85c9\u6b64\u6311\u6230\u6559\u6703\u7684\u6b63\u7d71\u6559\u5c0e\ufe50\u6240\u4ee5\u5236\u5ea6\u5316\u7684\u6559\u6703\u7e54\u7d44\u5bb9\u4e0d\u4e0b\u8056\u9748\u3002\u7d50\u679c\u6559\u6703\u5ba3\u7a31\u65b0\u7d04\u6642\u4ee3\u4e0d\u6703\u518d\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u555f\u793a\ufe50\u4e5f\u5bb9\u4e0d\u4e0b\u85c9\u8056\u9748\u4e4b\u540d\u6311\u6230\u6559\u6703\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u5148\u77e5\ufe50\u672a\u4e16\u601d\u60f3\u5f9e\u4e16\u754c\u7d42\u7d50\u6f14\u5316\u70ba\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u4e0d\u65b7\u51fa\u73fe\u4ee5\u8056\u9748\u4e4b\u540d\u53cd\u5c0d\u6559\u6703\u7684\u4eba\ufe50\u8af7\u523a\u7684\u662f\u7576\u90a3\u4e9b\u4eba\u812b\u96e2\u539f\u6559\u6703\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u65b0\u6559\u6703\u58ef\u5927\u5f8c\ufe50\u4ed6\u5011\u4e5f\u6b65\u4e0a\u539f\u6559\u6703\u5236\u5ea6\u5316\u7684\u5f8c\u5875\u3002\u6559\u6703\u662f\u91cd\u8996\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u5316\u7d44\u7e54\ufe50\u8207\u76f4\u63a5\u53d7\u8056\u9748\u6307\u5f15\ufe50\u8981\u985b\u8986\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u5148\u77e5\ufe50\u5728\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u6c38\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u76f8\u5bb9\u3002 \u65e9\u671f\u6559\u6703\u6c92\u6709\u89e3\u6c7a\u8056\u5b50\u548c\u8056\u9748\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u554f\u984c\ufe50\u5728\u8afe\u65af\u5e95\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u4e0b\ufe50\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6709\u6f14\u8b8a\u6210\u591a\u795e\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u5371\u96aa\u3002\u5728\u8afe\u65af\u5e95\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u4e2d\ufe50\u5b58\u5728\u8457\u5584\u795e\u8207\u90aa\u795e\u7684\u6b63\u90aa\u4e4b\u722d\u3002\u6551\u8d16\u4e16\u4eba\u7684\u5584\u795e\ufe50\u5e36\u9818\u4e16\u4eba\u5c0d\u6297\u5275\u9020\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u90aa\u795e\u3002\u6559\u6703\u4ee5\u4e09\u4f4d\u4e00\u9ad4\u7684\u795e\u4f5c\u70ba\u56de\u61c9\ufe50\u5275\u9020\u795e\u5c31\u662f\u6551\u8d16\u795e\u3002\u795e\u5275\u9020\u4e16\u754c\u672c\u4f86\u662f\u7f8e\u597d\u7684\ufe50\u7f6a\u60e1\u662f\u6e90\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u58ae\u843d\u3002\u820a\u7d04\u7684\u8a18\u8f09\u8207\u65b0\u7d04\u7684\u8036\u7a4c\ufe50\u6b63\u597d\u8cab\u7a7f\u8d77\u4f86\u6210\u70ba\u6559\u6703\u7684\u6551\u6069\u53f2\u89c0\u3002\u5169\u5927\u53cd\u8afe\u65af\u5e95\u795e\u5b78\u5bb6\u5c0d\u6551\u8d16\u89c0\u6240\u6301\u7684\u91cd\u9ede\u4e0d\u540c\ufe50Tertullian\u8457\u91cd\u5f8b\u6cd5\u800cIrenaeus\u5247\u8457\u91cd\u6069\u5178\ufe50\u9019\u5169\u8005\u7d44\u6210\u5f8c\u4f86\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u6551\u8d16\u89c0\ufe50\u8207\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6e90\u65bc\u4fdd\u7f85\u795e\u5b78\u56e0\u4fe1\u7a31\u7fa9\u7684\u6551\u8d16\u89c0\u4e0d\u540c\u3002 \u81ea\u65e9\u671f\u6559\u6703\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u73fe\u4ee3\ufe50\u9818\u6d17\u5c0d\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u65e9\u671f\u6559\u6703\u8a8d\u70ba\u9818\u6d17\u7684\u6c34\u6709\u795e\u79d8\u529b\u91cf\ufe50\u8b93\u4eba\u6d17\u53bb\u7f6a\u60e1\u548c\u63a5\u53d7\u8056\u9748\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u5b30\u5152\u9084\u6c92\u6709\u6c7a\u5fd7\u4fe1\u4e3b\u7684\u601d\u8003\u80fd\u529b\ufe50\u9019\u4efd\u795e\u79d8\u7684\u6551\u6069\u529b\u91cf\u5c31\u6210\u70ba\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u6839\u64da\u3002\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u6559\u6703\u6709\u904e\u722d\u8ad6\ufe50\u5f8c\u4f86\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6210\u70ba\u7f85\u99ac\u570b\u6559\ufe50\u547d\u4fe1\u5949\u7570\u6559\u7684\u5916\u65cf\u5168\u570b\u6b78\u5316\u9818\u6d17\ufe50\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u6d17\u6210\u4eba\u4e0d\u6d17\u5c0f\u5b69\ufe50\u66f4\u52a0\u80af\u5b9a\u9818\u6d17\u6c34\u7684\u795e\u79d8\u529b\u91cf\u3002 \u7530\u7acb\u514b\u6700\u5f8c\u5728\u6587\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\ufe50\u5728\u516c\u5143\u4e09\u767e\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u6559\u6703\ufe50\u5c0d\u5f8c\u4f86\u7f85\u99ac\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5f71\u97ff\u6df1\u9060\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u6539\u9769\u6642\ufe50\u5ba3\u7a31\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u64a5\u4e82\u53cd\u6b63\ufe50\u56de\u5230\u65e9\u671f\u6559\u6703\u539f\u672c\u7684\u6559\u5c0e\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u5f9e\u795e\u5b78\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u53bb\u770b\ufe50\u65e9\u671f\u6559\u6703\u5f88\u591a\u70ba\u56e0\u53cd\u8afe\u65af\u5e95\u800c\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u6559\u7fa9\ufe50\u8207\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6559\u7fa9\u4e0d\u76f8\u4e4e\ufe50\u53cd\u800c\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6559\u7fa9\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u65e9\u671f\u6559\u6703\u7684\u6559\u5c0e\u3002","rel":"","context":"In "\u5b97\u6559"","block_context":{"text":"\u5b97\u6559","link":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/category\/_religions\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":1528,"url":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2007\/10\/14\/%e5%9f%ba%e7%9d%a3%e6%95%99%e6%80%9d%e6%83%b3%e5%8f%b2-%e7%ac%ac%e4%ba%94%e7%ab%a0%ef%b9%95%e9%a6%ac%e4%b8%81%e8%b7%af%e5%be%b7%e7%9a%84%e7%a5%9e%e5%ad%b8\/","url_meta":{"origin":2178,"position":1},"title":"\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u601d\u60f3\u53f2\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8 \u2013 \u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\ufe55\u99ac\u4e01\u8def\u5fb7\u7684\u795e\u5b78","author":"hevangel","date":"October 14, 2007","format":false,"excerpt":"\u99ac\u4e01\u8def\u5fb7\u767c\u8d77\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u6539\u9769\u662f\u6559\u6703\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u8f49\u6298\u9ede\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u7a81\u7834\u4e26\u975e\u51fa\u65bc\u6559\u7fa9\u4e0a\u7684\u9769\u65b0\ufe50\u90a3\u5176\u4e9b\u795e\u5b78\u601d\u60f3\u65e9\u5728\u5f8c\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u5df2\u88ab\u63d0\u51fa\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u7a81\u7834\u5728\u65bc\u52c7\u65bc\u812b\u96e2\u7f85\u99ac\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u6703\ufe50\u7576\u5617\u8a66\u63a8\u884c\u6559\u5167\u6539\u9769\u5931\u6557\u5f8c\ufe50\u4ed6\u4e00\u624b\u5efa\u53ef\u4ee5\u8207\u7f85\u99ac\u4e26\u80a9\u800c\u7acb\u7684\u65b0\u6559\u3002 \u795e\u5b78\u4e0a\u7684\u5206\u88c2 \u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u89c0\u5f37\u8abf\u5ba2\u89c0\u6027\ufe50\u795e\u900f\u904e\u6559\u6703\u7528\u8056\u4e8b\u53bb\u6551\u8d16\u4eba\u985e\ufe50\u6559\u6703\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u5c31\u662f\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u8207\u795e\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u8a8d\u70ba\u6551\u8d16\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8861\u91cf\u7684\ufe50\u795e\u8a13\u793a\u53ea\u662f\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u6307\u793a\u6210\u8056\u7684\u65b9\u5411\ufe50\u800c\u975e\u8981\u4eba\u985e\u7d55\u5c0d\u670d\u5f9e\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\ufe50\u5584\u8207\u60e1\u4e26\u975e\u4e8c\u5143\u5c0d\u7acb\ufe50\u7576\u4e2d\u53ef\u518d\u7d30\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5584\u60e1\u7b49\u7d1a\u3002\u6b63\u56e0\u70ba\u6551\u8d16\u5728\u795e\u5b78\u4e0a\u53ef\u88ab\u91cf\u5ea6\ufe50\u4f46\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u6c92\u6709\u8fa8\u6cd5\u91cf\u5ea6\ufe50\u4eba\u4e0d\u80fd\u80af\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u5f97\u6551\ufe50\u5bb3\u6015\u6b7b\u5f8c\u5be9\u5224\u800c\u7522\u751f\u7126\u616e\u3002\u8def\u5fb7\u795e\u5b78\u63d0\u51fa\u89e3\u6c7a\u9019\u500b\u7126\u616e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\ufe50\u500b\u4eba\u5316\u4eba\u8207\u795e\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\ufe50\u5c07\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5167\u5316\u6210\u70ba\u4eba\u63a5\u53d7\u795e\u3002\u4eba\u8207\u795e\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u9ed1\u767d\u5206\u660e\ufe50\u4e00\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u8207\u795e\u540c\u5728\ufe50\u4e00\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u8207\u795e\u5206\u96e2\ufe50\u6c92\u6709\u4e2d\u9593\u7684\u6df1\u6dfa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7070\u8272\u5730\u5e36\u3002 \u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u6559\u6703\u4ee5\u91d1\u9322\u8cb7\u6551\u8d16\u7684\u8d16\u7f6a\u5377\ufe50\u6545\u7136\u8207\u8def\u5fb7\u795e\u5b78\u6c34\u706b\u4e0d\u5bb9\u3002\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u4eba\u8207\u795e\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u9023\u7e6b\ufe50 \u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u900f\u904e\u6559\u6703\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e2d\u9593\u5a92\u4ecb\ufe50\u5f15\u7533\u51fa\u5e7e\u500b\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5411\u795e\u6094\u6539\ufe50\u5728\u7948\u79b1\u5f97\u5230\u795e\u7684\u5bec\u6055\ufe50\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d6\u6d88\u544a\u89e3\u8056\u4e8b\u3002\u4eba\u8207\u795e\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u9ed1\u767d\u5206\u660e\ufe50\u4eba\u6b7b\u5f8c\u4e00\u662f\u5728\u5929\u5802\ufe50\u6216\u8005\u662f\u5728\u5730\u7344\ufe50\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d6\u6d88\u7149\u7344\u7684\u6559\u7fa9\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u5728\u5730\u7344\u4e2d\u4eba\u8207\u795e\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u4f9d\u7136\u5b58\u5728\ufe50\u5730\u7344\u4ecd\u662f\u4eba\u8207\u795e\u5206\u96e2\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u5883\u754c\ufe50\u6709\u5225\u65bc\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u666e\u904d\u8a8d\u70ba\u5730\u7344\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u3002 \u8def\u5fb7\u5c0d\u6559\u6703\u7684\u6279\u8a55 \u99ac\u4e01\u8def\u5fb7\u53cd\u5c0d\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u6b0a\u67c4\ufe50\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u6559\u5ead\u4e0d\u61c9\u58df\u65b7\u795e\ufe50\u6210\u70ba\u795e\u5728\u4e16\u9593\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u4ee3\u8a00\u4eba\u3002\u4ed6\u53cd\u5c0d\u6559\u6703\u9053\u8056\u4fd7\u4e8c\u5206\ufe50\u5c0d\u5e73\u4fe1\u5f92\u548c\u795e\u8077\u4eba\u54e1\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u6a19\u6e96\u3002\u4ed6\u628a\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u5012\u8f49\u904e\u4f86\ufe50\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u672c\u662f\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u6240\u4ee5\u986f\u51fa\u4fe1\u5fc3\ufe50\u73fe\u5728\u5247\u8b8a\u6210\u4e86\u6c92\u6709\u4fe1\u5fc3\u5c31\u4e00\u5b9a\u6c92\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u3002\u4ed6\u4e3b\u5f35\u552f\u7368\u56e0\u4fe1\u7a31\u7fa9(sola fide)\u7684\u6559\u7fa9\ufe50\u4e0d\u904e\u9019\u6559\u7fa9\u88ab\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\ufe50\u5305\u62ec\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5f92\u8aa4\u89e3\u3002\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\ufe50\u552f\u7368\u56e0\u6069\u5178\ufe50\u552f\u7368\u901a\u904e\u4fe1\ufe50\u624d\u80fd\u5920\u7a31\u7fa9\u3002\u8def\u5fb7\u6559\u7fa9\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\ufe50\u662f\u6307\u63a5\u7d0d\u795e\u7684\u6069\u5178\ufe50\u80af\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u5f97\u6551\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\ufe50\u9019\u500b\u4fe1\u7684\u610f\u601d\u4e26\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u5fc5\u9700\u8981\u63a5\u7d0d\u4efb\u4f55\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6559\u7fa9\u3002\u8def\u5fb7\u4ea6\u53cd\u5c0d\u8056\u4e8b\u7684\u5ba2\u89c0\u6027\u5be6\u969b\u529f\u6548\ufe50\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u4eba\u82e5\u6c92\u6709\u4fe1\u5fc3\ufe50\u8056\u4e8b\u5c31\u6c92\u6709\u6551\u8d16\u7684\u529f\u6548\u3002\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u795e\u8077\u67b6\u69cb\ufe50\u672c\u4f86\u662f\u70ba\u8457\u8056\u4e8b\u800c\u8a2d\u7acb\u3002\u8def\u5fb7\u5b8c\u5168\u6467\u6bc0\u8056\u4e8b\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\ufe50\u540c\u6a23\u4e5f\u6467\u6bc0\u4e86\u795e\u8077\u67b6\u69cb\ufe50\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u8654\u8aa0\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u51fa\u4efb\u53f8\u796d\u7576\u7267\u53f8\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u53bb\u6309\u7acb\u3002 \u8def\u5fb7\u8207\u4eba\u6587\u4e3b\u7fa9 \u5728\u5b97\u6559\u6539\u9769\u521d\u671f\u81f3\u4eca\ufe50\u4eba\u6587\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8207\u8def\u5fb7\u601d\u60f3\u4e92\u76f8\u653b\u64ca\ufe50\u96d9\u65b9\u722d\u8ad6\u4e0d\u4f11\u3002\u4eba\u6587\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u53cd\u5b97\u6559\ufe50\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u8207\u8def\u5fb7\u5c0d\u7acb\ufe50\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4eba\u6587\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3002\u4eba\u6587\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5c0d\u6559\u6703\u50b3\u7d71\u548c\u8056\u7d93\u4e5f\u62b1\u6709\u5b78\u8853\u6027\u7684\u61f7\u7591\u614b\u5ea6\ufe50\u8def\u5fb7\u63a8\u7ffb\u4e86\u6559\u6703\u50b3\u7d71\ufe50\u4f46\u8a8d\u70ba\u8056\u7d93\u662f\u7d55\u5c0d\u3002\u8def\u5fb7\u8a8d\u70ba\u4eba\u6587\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8207\u4e16\u4fd7\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u6559\u6703\u59a5\u5354\ufe50\u4eba\u6587\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5247\u8a8d\u70ba\u8def\u5fb7\u904e\u4efd\u6fc0\u9032\u5f71\u97ff\u548c\u5e73\u3002\u4eba\u6587\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u5f37\u8abf\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u7406\u6027\u7684\u91cd\u8981\ufe50\u800c\u8def\u5fb7\u5247\u6301\u76f8\u53cd\u610f\u898b\u3002\u6700\u81f3\u547d\u7684\u5206\u6b67\u662f\u5169\u8005\u5c0d\u65bc\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u5fd7\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\ufe50\u4eba\u6587\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u6709\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u5fd7\ufe50\u53ef\u4ee5\u9078\u64c7\u4fe1\u5f9e\u795e\u5f97\u5230\u6551\u8d16\u3002\u8def\u5fb7\u8a8d\u70ba\u4eba\u5f97\u6551\u5b8c\u5168\u51fa\u65bc\u795e\u7684\u6069\u5178\ufe50\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u6c7a\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6551\u8d16\u662f\u893b\u7006\u795e\u3002 \u8def\u5fb7\u8207\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e \u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u8d77\u6e90\u65bc\u8def\u5fb7\ufe50\u4f46\u4ed6\u5011\u6279\u8a55\u8def\u5fb7\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u6539\u9769\u4e0d\u5920\u5fb9\u5e95\ufe50\u9084\u6b98\u7559\u534a\u540a\u5b50\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u8a8d\u70ba\u795e\u4e0d\u7368\u900f\u904e\u8056\u7d93\u8207\u4eba\u985e\u8aaa\u8a71\ufe50\u795e\u7121\u6642\u7121\u523b\u4e5f\u5c0d\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u8aaa\u8a71\ufe50\u53ea\u8981\u4eba\u627f\u53d7\u8d77\u80cc\u8ca0\u795e\u7684\u5341\u67b6\u3002\u8def\u5fb7\u7684\u795e\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5bec\u6055\u751c\u7f8e\u7684\u795e\ufe50\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u7684\u795e\u5247\u662f\u8981\u4eba\u80cc\u5341\u67b6\u53d7\u82e6\u7684\u795e\u3002\u8def\u5fb7\u53ea\u8aaa\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u80af\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6551\u8d16\ufe50\u4f46\u6c92\u6709\u8aaa\u795e\u5982\u4f55\u63c0\u9078\u5f97\u6551\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u9664\u4e86\u80af\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u5f97\u6551\u5916\ufe50\u9084\u8981\u80af\u5b9a\u5225\u4eba\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f97\u6551\u3002\u8def\u5fb7\u7684\u6539\u9769\u53ea\u9650\u65bc\u5b97\u6559\u4e0a\ufe50\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u5247\u8a8d\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u9084\u8981\u6539\u9769\u793e\u6703\ufe50\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u60dc\u4ee5\u6b66\u529b\u5c0d\u6297\u4e16\u4fd7\u653f\u6b0a\u3002\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u8a8d\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u53ef\u4ee5\u8056\u9748\u4e0a\u8eab\ufe50\u65e5\u5e38\u5927\u5c0f\u4e8b\u52d9\u4e5f\u6709\u53ef\u4ee5\u8056\u9748\u6307\u5f15\u3002\u8def\u5fb7\u8a8d\u70ba\u8056\u9748\u5e6b\u52a9\u4eba\u5167\u7701\u6094\u7f6a\ufe50\u4f46\u4e0d\u6703\u8b8a\u6210\u9b3c\u4e0a\u8eab\u822c\u7684\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u628a\u8072\u97f3\u3002\u8def\u5fb7\u8a8d\u70ba\u5341\u67b6\u7684\u6551\u8d16\u5177\u5ba2\u89c0\u6027\ufe50\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u5247\u5f37\u8abf\u4eba\u6703\u80cc\u8d77\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5341\u67b6\u624d\u6703\u5f97\u5230\u6551\u8d16\u3002\u8def\u5fb7\u8207\u52a0\u723e\u6587\u4e00\u6a23\ufe50\u63a5\u53d7\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17\ufe50\u4f46\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u5247\u8a8d\u70ba\u6210\u4eba\u9818\u6d17\u624d\u6709\u6548\u3002\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u8a8d\u70ba\u53ea\u6709\u4ed6\u5011\u624d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6559\u6703\ufe50\u53ea\u6709\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u6559\u5f92\u624d\u80fd\u5f97\u6551\u3002\u8def\u5fb7\u53cd\u5c0d\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u5b64\u7acb\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\ufe50\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u5c0d\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u6575\u8996\u6559\u6d3e\u4e0d\u662f\u6709\u611b\u5fc3\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u3002 \u8def\u5fb7\u8207\u8056\u7d93 \u8def\u5fb7\u8a8d\u70ba\u8056\u7d93\u662f\u6559\u6703\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\ufe50\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u5be9\u5224\u6559\u6703\ufe50\u8056\u7d93\u662f\u795e\u7684\u8a71\u8a9e\u3002\u795e\u7684\u8a71\u8a9e\u5728\u8056\u7d93\u6210\u66f8\u4ee5\u524d\ufe50\u5df2\u7d93\u5ba2\u89c0\u5730\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u8def\u5fb7\u8a8d\u70ba\u4ed6\u80fd\u4ee5\u795e\u7684\u8a71\u8a9e\u6210\u539f\u5247\ufe50\u53bb\u5206\u8fa8\u90a3\u4e00\u5377\u7d93\u66f8\u5c6c\u65bc\u8056\u7d93\u4e4b\u5167\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0d\u5426\u8a8d\u8056\u7d93\u80fd\u5920\u8ffd\u52a0\u7d93\u66f8\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\ufe50\u53ea\u8981\u7576\u4ee3\u6709\u4eba\u5c6c\u6709\u5148\u77e5\u8056\u9748\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4ed6\u5c0d\u8056\u7d93\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u662f\u534a\u5b97\u6559\ufe50\u534a\u6b77\u53f2\u6027\u7684\u6279\u5224\u3002\u5f9e\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\ufe50\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u6469\u897f\u4e0d\u662f\u6469\u897f\u4e94\u66f8\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\ufe50\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u4ee5\u897f\u7d50\u66f8\u548c\u9ed8\u793a\u9304\u61c9\u8a72\u5f9e\u8056\u7d93\u522a\u9664\ufe50\u96c5\u5404\u66f8\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u798f\u97f3\u50f9\u503c\u3002 \u8def\u5fb7\u8207\u7f6a\u548c\u4fe1 \u8def\u5fb7\u8a8d\u70ba\u4e0d\u4fe1\u5c31\u662f\u72af\u7f6a\ufe50\u7f6a\u6c92\u6709\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\ufe50\u53ea\u8981\u4eba\u9060\u96e2\u795e\u5c31\u6709\u7f6a\u3002\u4ed6\u53e3\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u4e26\u4e0d\u7b49\u540c\u4e8b\u4e0b\u6d41\u884c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u53e3\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u3002\u4fe1\u4e0d\u662f\u6307\u5fc5\u9700\u8981\u63a5\u53d7\u67d0\u4e9b\u6559\u7fa9\ufe50\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6559\u7fa9\u3002\u4fe1\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u6307\u76f8\u4fe1\u67d0\u4e9b\u6b77\u53f2\u4e8b\u5be6(fides historica)\u3002\u4fe1\u662f\u63a5\u53d7\u795e\u7684\u6069\u5178\ufe50\u63a5\u53d7\u7f6a\u60e1\u7684\u8d66\u514d\ufe50\u8207\u5efa\u7acb\u795e\u89aa\u8fd1\u7684\u500b\u4eba\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002 \u8def\u5fb7\u8207\u795e \u8def\u5fb7\u5c0d\u795e\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u5341\u5206\u7368\u7279\ufe50\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u4eba\u53ea\u80fd\u5f9e\u5c0d\u6bd4\u4e2d\u53bb\u8a8d\u8b58\u795e\u3002\u795e\u662f\u7121\u9650\ufe50\u8d85\u8d8a\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u60f3\u50cf\u548c\u8a00\u8a9e\u3002\u795e\u4e0d\u6703\u56e0\u70ba\u4e0d\u662f\u7942\u4e0d\u505a\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5168\u80fd\ufe50\u795e\u7684\u5168\u80fd\u662f\u6307\u4ed6\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6f5b\u529b\u53bb\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\u60c5\ufe50\u795e\u4e26\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u64c7\u9078\u505a\u4ec0\u9ebc\ufe50\u56e0\u70ba\u7942\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e5f\u505a\u3002\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u6b77\u53f2\u662f\u7531\u795e\u4e3b\u5bb0\ufe50\u6b77\u53f2\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u795e\u8207\u9b54\u9b3c\u7684\u9b25\u722d\ufe50\u800c\u662f\u795e\u85c9\u8457\u9b54\u9b3c\u53bb\u5de5\u4f5c\ufe50\u4e16\u9593\u7684\u707d\u96e3\u662f\u70ba\u795e\u5c0d\u4e16\u4eba\u7684\u61f2\u7f70\u3002 \u8def\u5fb7\u8207\u57fa\u7763 \u8def\u5fb7\u8a8d\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u5f62\u5bb9\u57fa\u7763\ufe50\u662f\u53cd\u5f71\u51fa\u57fa\u7763\u5728\u6211\u5011\u8eab\u4e0a\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u57fa\u7763\u5b78\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u8036\u7a4c\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6771\u897f\ufe50\u800c\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u8036\u7a4c\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u597d\u8655\u3002\u8036\u7a4c\u662f\u9053\u6210\u8089\u8eab\ufe50\u4ed6\u5c31\u662f\u795e\u7684\u8a71\u8a9e\u3002\u8def\u5fb7\u8a8d\u70ba\u795e\u7684\u8a71\u8a9e\u6709\u56db\u91cd\u610f\u601d\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6a23\u662f\u6307\u795e\u7684\u5fc3\ufe50\u7a69\u85cf\u5728\u795e\u7684\u5167\u5728\ufe50\u4eba\u985e\u4e0d\u80fd\u770b\u898b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u662f\u6307\u8036\u7a4c\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u898b\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u898b\u8a3c\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u662f\u6307\u5148\u77e5\ufe50\u8036\u7a4c\u548c\u4f7f\u5f92\u7559\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u8aaa\u8a71\ufe50\u8a18\u9304\u6210\u70ba\u8056\u7d93\u3002\u7b2c\u56db\u662f\u6307\u5728\u8056\u7d93\u4ee5\u5916\ufe50\u4f46\u57fa\u65bc\u8056\u7d93\ufe50\u4eba\u5728\u50b3\u9053\u6642\u8aaa\u7684\u8a71\u3002 \u8def\u5fb7\u8207\u6559\u6703\u548c\u570b\u5bb6 \u5728\u8def\u5fb7\u7684\u6559\u7fa9\u4e2d\u6559\u6703\u662f\u6700\u5f31\u7684\u4e00\u74b0\ufe50\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u57fa\u790e\u662f\u4eba\u8207\u795e\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u95dc\u4fc2\ufe50\u4e26\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6559\u6703\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u6559\u6703\u6b20\u7f3a\u6b0a\u5a01\u548c\u67b6\u69cb\ufe50\u662f\u4e00\u76f4\u4ee5\u4f86\u56f0\u64fe\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u8def\u5fb7\u8a8d\u70ba\u6559\u6703\u662f\u5ba2\u89c0\u6027\u7684\u5b58\u5728\ufe50\u4eba\u4e26\u4e0d\u80fd\u9078\u64c7\u6559\u6703\ufe50\u4eba\u5728\u51fa\u751f\u4ee5\u524d\u5df2\u5c6c\u65bc\u6559\u6703\ufe50\u4eba\u5f8c\u4f86\u624d\u767c\u73fe\u81ea\u5df1\u5c6c\u65bc\u6559\u6703\u3002\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u5247\u8a8d\u70ba\u6559\u6703\u662f\u7531\u4eba\u5275\u7acb\ufe50\u6c92\u6709\u6559\u5f92\u5c31\u6c92\u6709\u6559\u6703\u3002\u8def\u5fb7\u8a8d\u70ba\u6559\u6703\u5206\u53ef\u898b\u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u898b\u5169\u90e8\u4efd\ufe50\u4e0d\u53ef\u898b\u7684\u90e8\u4efd\u662f\u8056\u9748\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u6559\u6703\ufe50\u53ef\u898b\u7684\u90e8\u4efd\u662f\u73fe\u5be6\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u6559\u6703\u3002\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u8a8d\u70ba\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c0\u5bdf\u4eba\u7684\u5167\u5fc3\ufe50\u6c7a\u5b9a\u90a3\u500b\u4eba\u662f\u5426\u5c6c\u65bc\u6559\u6703\u7684\u4e00\u4efd\u5b50\u3002\u8def\u5fb7\u5247\u8a8d\u70ba\u4eba\u5c31\u7b97\u591a\u9ebc\u7684\u4e0d\u8654\u8aa0\ufe50\u59cb\u7d42\u4e5f\u662f\u6559\u6703\u7684\u4e00\u4efd\u5b50\u3002\u6559\u6703\u5167\u6bcf\u500b\u6559\u5f92\u4e5f\u662f\u53f8\u796d\ufe50\u7267\u53f8\u53ea\u662f\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u4ee3\u8a00\u4eba\ufe50\u4e26\u975e\u6bd4\u6559\u5f92\u9ad8\u4eba\u4e00\u7b49\u3002\u8def\u5fb7\u6559\u6703\u7684\u6b0a\u67c4\u4f86\u81ea\u653f\u5e9c\ufe50\u570b\u738b\u6210\u70ba\u6559\u6703\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u4e3b\u6559\ufe50\u6559\u6703\u6210\u70ba\u653f\u5e9c\u884c\u653f\u6a5f\u69cb\u7684\u4e00\u74b0\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u6559\u6703\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u4f86\u81ea\u653f\u5e9c\ufe50\u6559\u6703\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u6cd5\u50b3\u7d71\u9010\u6f38\u6d88\u5931\ufe50\u6559\u6703\u518d\u6c92\u6709\u8d85\u7136\u9053\u5fb7\u4f4d\u7f6e\ufe50\u53bb\u6279\u5224\u6b0a\u529b\u4f86\u6e90\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\u8def\u5fb7\u628a\u653f\u5e9c\u7f6e\u65bc\u6559\u6703\u4e4b\u4e0a\ufe50\u662f\u9593\u63a5\u4fc3\u6210\u5fb7\u570b\u4eba\u9762\u5c0d\u7d0d\u8403\u7d71\u6cbb\ufe50\u53ea\u80fd\u9006\u4f86\u9806\u53d7\ufe50\u7f3a\u4e4f\u53cd\u6297\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u52c7\u6c23\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002 \u611f\u60f3 \u8def\u5fb7\u795e\u5b78\u8207\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u50b3\u7d71\ufe50\u548c\u6211\u6240\u719f\u6089\u7684\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u795e\u5b78\u5f88\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7576\u6642\u6559\u6703\u7684\u554f\u984c\ufe50\u4f46\u4ed6\u537b\u6c92\u6709\u9810\u671f\u5230\ufe50\u4ed6\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u53c8\u7522\u751f\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u8def\u5fb7\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u8868\u9762\u770b\u4f86\u4f3c\u4e4e\u8a00\u4e4b\u6709\u7406\ufe50\u4f46\u6709\u4e9b\u6559\u7fa9\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u6642\ufe50\u537b\u767c\u73fe\u597d\u50cf\u81ea\u76f8\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u6211\u5f04\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u8def\u5fb7\u7684\u610f\u601d\ufe50\u9084\u662f\u8def\u5fb7\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u771f\u6709\u554f\u984c\u3002\u8b80\u9019\u7ae0\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5f97\u8457\u662f\u77e5\u9053\u56e0\u4fe1\u7a31\u7fa9\u7684\u539f\u610f\ufe50\u767c\u73fe\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u80cc\u53db\u4e86\u5b97\u6559\u6539\u9769\u3002\u6211\u6bd4\u8f03\u8a8d\u540c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4eba\u6587\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\ufe50\u4f46\u8def\u5fb7\u795e\u5b78\u4e5f\u6709\u53ef\u53d6\u4e4b\u8655\ufe50\u5f9e\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u51fa\u767c\ufe50\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u5f9e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u8a8d\u8b58\u795e\u3002\u6211\u60f3\u82e5\u679c\u7528\u7dad\u6839\u57fa\u5766\u53bb\u5206\u6790\ufe50\u8def\u5fb7\u795e\u5b78\u5230\u5e95\u9084\u6703\u5269\u4e0b\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6168\u5ff5\u3002\u53ef\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e09\u4f4d\u4e00\u9ad4\u7684\u89e3\u6c7a\u8036\u7a4c\u4eba\u795e\u722d\u8ad6\u7684\u8fa8\u6cd5\ufe50\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u689d\u8def\u5fb7\u795e\u5b78\u8207\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u795e\u5b78\u7684\u8f49\u63db\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\ufe50\u91cd\u65b0\u6574\u5408\u5206\u88c2\u7684\u6559\u6703\u5462\u3002","rel":"","context":"In "\u5b97\u6559"","block_context":{"text":"\u5b97\u6559","link":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/category\/_religions\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":1457,"url":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2007\/08\/27\/%e5%9f%ba%e7%9d%a3%e6%95%99%e6%80%9d%e6%83%b3%e5%8f%b2-%e7%ac%ac%e4%ba%8c%e7%ab%a0%ef%b9%95%e5%9f%ba%e7%9d%a3%e8%ab%96%e5%95%8f%e9%a1%8c\/","url_meta":{"origin":2178,"position":2},"title":"\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u601d\u60f3\u53f2\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8 \u2013 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\ufe55\u57fa\u7763\u8ad6\u554f\u984c","author":"hevangel","date":"August 27, 2007","format":false,"excerpt":"\u57fa\u7763\u8ad6\u7684\u554f\u984c\u662f\u4e09\u4e00\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u5ef6\u7e7c\ufe50\u96d6\u7136\u4e09\u4f4d\u4e00\u9ad4\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e86\u6771\u897f\u6559\u6703\u5206\u88c2\u7684\u554f\u984c\ufe50\u4f46\u6c92\u6709\u56de\u7b54\u539f\u5148\u8981\u89e3\u6c7a\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u82e5\u679c\u8056\u5b50\u8207\u8056\u7236\u540c\u8cea\u4e0d\u540c\u4f4d\u683c\ufe50\u90a3\u8056\u5b50\u8036\u7a4c\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5462\ufe56\u8036\u7a4c\u5982\u4f55\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u795e\ufe50\u4ea6\u540c\u6642\u9593\u4e5f\u662f\u4eba\u5462\ufe56\u5c0d\u65bc\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\ufe50\u7576\u6642\u7684\u610f\u898b\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u70ba\u5169\u5927\u9663\u71df\ufe50\u4e00\u8aaa\u6cd5\u662f\u8056\u7236\u6536\u990a\u8036\u7a4c\ufe50\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u8aaa\u6cd5\u5247\u662f\u8056\u7236\u5316\u8eab\u6210\u70ba\u8036\u7a4c\u3002\u5c3c\u897f\u4fe1\u7d93\u4e2d\u8056\u7236\u8056\u5b50\u540c\u8056\u540c\u9ad4\ufe50\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u4e0d\u540c\u8a6e\u8b6f\u5f97\u51fa\u9019\u5169\u500b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u65bc\u662f\u65e9\u671f\u6559\u6703\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\u6380\u8d77\u65b0\u7684\u722d\u8b70\ufe50\u4ee3\u8868\u96d9\u65b9\u9663\u71df\u5206\u4fbf\u662f\u4e9e\u6b77\u5c71\u5927\u6559\u6703\u548c\u5f97\u5230\u7f85\u99ac\u6559\u6703\u652f\u6301\u7684Antioch\u6559\u6703\u3002 \u4e9e\u6b77\u5c71\u5927\u6559\u6703\u8a8d\u70ba\u53ea\u6709\u8036\u7a4c\u7684\u795e\u6027\u5b8c\u5168\u541e\u98df\u4eba\u6027\ufe50\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u6551\u8d16\u624d\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5be6\u73fe\ufe50\u9019\u7a31\u70ba\u57fa\u7763\u4e00\u6027\u8ad6(Monophysitism)\ufe50\u7576\u6642\u4e5f\u5f88\u591a\u77e5\u8b58\u8f03\u4f4e\u7684\u5e73\u4fe1\u5f92\u652f\u6301\u9019\u500b\u8aaa\u6cd5\u3002Antioch\u6559\u6703\u5247\u6301\u76f8\u53cd\u610f\u898b\ufe50\u8a8d\u70ba\u61c9\u8a72\u5f9e\u6b77\u53f2\u6027\u53bb\u8a8d\u8b58\u8036\u7a4c\ufe50\u4fdd\u7559\u8036\u7a4c\u4eba\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u9762\ufe50\u4e26\u5f97\u5230\u7f85\u99ac\u6559\u6703\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u8036\u7a4c\u4eba\u795e\u4e8c\u6027\u537b\u5f15\u7533\u4e00\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\ufe50\u4eba\u795e\u4e8c\u6027\u5fc5\u9808\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u958b\u59cb\ufe50\u800c\u9019\u500b\u958b\u59cb\u5c31\u5728\u746a\u5229\u4e9e\u7684\u5b50\u5bae\u88cf\ufe50 \u65bc\u662f\u63a8\u8ad6\u51fa\u746a\u5229\u4e9e\u662f\u795e\u6bcd\u89aa\u9019\u500b\u7406\u6240\u7576\u7136\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u3002\u540c\u6a23\u8036\u7a4c\u70ba\u4e16\u4eba\u53d7\u96e3\u662f\u53f2\u5be6\ufe50\u4f46\u795e\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d7\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u82e6\u96e3\ufe50\u65bc\u662f\u63a8\u8ad6\u51fa\u53ea\u6709\u8036\u7a4c\u7684\u4eba\u6027\u53d7\u82e6\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u8036\u7a4c\u7684\u4eba\u795e\u4e8c\u6027\u6709\u628a\u746a\u5229\u4e9e\u5347\u683c\u70ba\u5973\u795e\u7684\u5371\u96aa\ufe50\u800c\u7576\u6642\u53ea\u6709\u7570\u6559\u5f92\u6709\u5c0d\u5973\u795e\u7684\u5d07\u62dc\ufe50\u52a0\u4e0a\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u4fe1\u5f92\u4e0d\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u8036\u7a4c\u662f\u4eba\ufe50\u65bc\u662f\u4e9e\u6b77\u5c71\u5927\u6559\u6703\u8207Antioch\u6559\u6703\u722d\u6301\u4e0d\u4e0b\u3002\u8981\u5230\u516c\u5143\u56db\u4e94\u4e00\u5e74\ufe50\u6559\u6703\u53ec\u958bChalcedon\u6703\u8b70\u624d\u89e3\u6c7a\u9019\u500b\u7d1b\u6b67\u3002 \u5728Chalcedon\u6703\u8b70\u4e2d\ufe50\u6559\u5b97Leo I\u9812\u5831\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u5e36\u6709\u6096\u8ad6\u6027\u7684\u6559\u7fa9\ufe50\u78ba\u5b9a\u8036\u7a4c\u64c1\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u4eba\u6027\u548c\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u795e\u6027\u3002\u6c7a\u8b70\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u5bcc\u6709\u8a69\u610f\u6587\u5b78\u8272\u5f69\ufe50\u5c0d\u65bc\u6f84\u6e05\u54f2\u5b78\u4e0a\u7684\u722d\u8b70\u6c92\u6709\u591a\u5927\u5e6b\u52a9\ufe50\u53cd\u800c\u7522\u751f\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u8a6e\u8b6f\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u6771\u65b9\u6559\u6703\u5c0d\u9019\u500b\u6c7a\u8b70\u5341\u5206\u5931\u671b\ufe50\u5728\u4e2d\u6771\u548c\u57c3\u53ca\u7b49\u5730\u6b7b\u786c\u652f\u6301\u57fa\u7763\u4e00\u6027\u8ad6\u7684\u6559\u6703\u8207\u897f\u65b9\u6559\u6703\u6c7a\u88c2\ufe50\u7a2e\u4e0b\u4e86\u65e5\u5f8c\u7576\u5730\u4eba\u6c11\u8b8a\u7bc0\u6539\u4fe1\u5949\u56de\u6559\u7684\u4f0f\u7dda\u3002\u7f85\u99ac\u7687\u5e1d\u70ba\u963b\u6b62\u6771\u897f\u6559\u6703\u5206\u88c2\ufe50\u4ed6\u63a1\u7528\u4e86Leontius of Byzantium\u7684\u62c6\u8877\u89e3\u6c7a\u8fa8\u6cd5\ufe50\u5728\u4eba\u6027\u548c\u795e\u6027\u4e0a\u52a0\u4e0a\u8cea(hypostatis)\u3002\u8036\u7a4c\u64c1\u6709\u4e00\u8cea\u4e8c\u6027\ufe50\u5206\u5225\u6709\u5169\u500b\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u5fd7\ufe50\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e86\u4eba\u6027\u795e\u6027\u540c\u6642\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002 \u8056\u5b50\u7684\u722d\u8ad6\u66ab\u6642\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e86\ufe50 \u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u8ad6\u5230\u61c9\u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e3\u8056\u7236\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u5728\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u4e0a\u5012\u6c92\u6709\u592a\u5927\u7684\u722d\u8ad6\ufe50\u81eaDionysius\u5728\u516c\u5143\u4e94\u767e\u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u6709\u95dc\u795e\u7684\u8ad6\u8ff0\u4ee5\u4f86\ufe50\u6771\u897f\u6559\u6703\u4e00\u76f4\u6e90\u7528\u81f3\u4eca\u3002\u4ed6\u628a\u65b0\u67cf\u62c9\u5716\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8207\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7d50\u5408\ufe50\u5c07\u5e0c\u81d8\u795e\u8a71\u4e2d\u7684\u8af8\u795e\u7b26\u865f\u5316\ufe50\u4e0d\u4ee5\u6b77\u53f2\u6027\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53bb\u89e3\u8b80\ufe50\u8b93\u771f\u7406\u900f\u904e\u53e4\u5e0c\u81d8\u7684\u667a\u6167\u8868\u9054\u51fa\u4f86\u3002\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u6709\u5169\u8a8d\u8b58\u795e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\ufe50\u5148\u628a\u6b63\u9762\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u6b78\u7d0d\u70ba\u795e\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\ufe50\u518d\u5f9e\u53cd\u9762\u5426\u5b9a\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u8a00\u8a9e\u8db3\u5920\u53bb\u5b8c\u5168\u7406\u89e3\u795e\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u89c0\u5145\u6eff\u968e\u7d1a\u6027\ufe50\u5f9e\u6700\u9ad8\u8655\u7684\u795e\u5f80\u4e0b\u8d70\ufe50\u4e00\u7d1a\u7d1a\u5230\u6700\u4f4e\u5c64\u7684\u7f6a\u4eba\ufe50\u800c\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u6551\u8d16\u5c31\u662f\u7531\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u7684\u65c5\u7a0b\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u4ea6\u540c\u6642\u5e36\u6709\u795e\u79d8\u8272\u5f69\ufe50\u6559\u6703\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4e8b\u7269\u4e5f\u662f\u6307\u5411\u795e\u7684\u8c61\u5fb5\ufe50\u5c0d\u65e5\u5f8c\u6771\u6b63\u6559\u548c\u62dc\u5360\u5ead\u6587\u5316\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002 \u540c\u6642\u671f\u9084\u6709\u5169\u4f4d\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002Tertullian\u9664\u4e86\u767c\u660e\u4e09\u4f4d\u4e00\u9ad4\u7684\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5916\ufe50\u4ed6\u9084\u6709\u5e7e\u9805\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u9805\u662f\u539f\u7f6a\u7684\u6559\u7fa9\ufe50\u4e26\u628a\u539f\u7f6a\u8207\u6027\u626f\u4e0a\u95dc\u4fc2\ufe50\u9593\u63a5\u4fc3\u6210\u6559\u6703\u5343\u591a\u5e74\u4f86\u7684\u4fdd\u5b88\u6027\u89c0\u5ff5\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u9805\u662f\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u8056\u9748\u5be6\u9ad4\u5316\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\ufe50\u8056\u9748\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u8056\u4e8b\u6ce8\u5165\u8056\u9ad4\u548c\u8056\u6c34\u5167\ufe50\u518d\u7531\u4eba\u7684\u53e3\u4e2d\u9032\u5165\u9748\u9b42\u5167\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u795e\u5b78\u5bb6Cyprian\u540c\u6a23\u4e5f\u5e7e\u9805\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u601d\u60f3\ufe50\u6210\u70ba\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u795e\u5b78\u7684\u96db\u578b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u9805\u662f\u7570\u7aef\u6559\u6703\u548c\u5206\u88c2\u6559\u6703\u9818\u6d17\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6548\u7684\u554f\u984c\ufe50\u9818\u6d17\u7684\u6548\u529b\u4e26\u975e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u65bc\u65bd\u6d17\u7684\u4eba\ufe50\u800c\u662f\u5ba2\u89c0\u5730\u5f9e\u8056\u9748\u800c\u4f86\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9805\u662f\u5ba3\u7a31\u6559\u6703\u4e4b\u5167\u6c92\u6709\u6559\u6069\ufe50\u5c07\u6559\u6703\u5f9e\u8056\u4eba\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u5718\u9ad4\ufe50\u8f49\u8b8a\u70ba\u767c\u653e\u6559\u6069\u7684\u6a5f\u69cb\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u9805\u662f\u6b63\u7d71\u6559\u6703\u7684\u5b97\u5f92\u627f\u50b3\u6027\ufe50\u8207\u5408\u4e00\u7684\u666e\u4e16\u6559\u6703\ufe50\u8056\u5f7c\u5f97\u7684\u6559\u5b97\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u7b2c\u56db\u9805\u795e\u8077\u4eba\u54e1\u7684\u737b\u796d\u529f\u7528\ufe50\u5f8c\u4f86\u767c\u5c55\u6210\u70ba\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u5f4c\u6492\u3002 \u7530\u7acb\u514b\u5728\u66f8\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\ufe50\u5728\u516c\u5143\u4e94\u4e16\u7d00\u6642\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u6559\u6703\u7684\u795e\u5b78\ufe50\u6bd4\u8f03\u63a5\u8fd1\u73fe\u4eca\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u3002\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5e38\u8aaa\u4ed6\u5011\u56de\u6b78\u65e9\u671f\u6559\u6703\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\ufe50\u5f88\u986f\u662f\u8207\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0d\u4e4e\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u9019\u500b\u6642\u671f\u7684\u6771\u897f\u6559\u6703\ufe50\u5df2\u7d93\u51fa\u73fe\u4fe1\u4ef0\u91cd\u9ede\u4e0a\u7684\u5206\u6b67\u3002\u6771\u65b9\u6559\u6703\u8457\u91cd\u751f\u6b7b\u771f\u5047\u5c0d\u932f\u7684\u554f\u984c\ufe50\u897f\u65b9\u6559\u6703\u5247\u8457\u91cd\u7f6a\u548c\u6551\u8d16\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u6771\u65b9\u6559\u6703\u8457\u91cd\u8036\u7a4c\u7684\u69ae\u8000\ufe50\u897f\u65b9\u6559\u6703\u5247\u8457\u91cd\u8036\u7a4c\u7684\u8b19\u5351\u3002\u897f\u65b9\u6559\u6703\u8457\u91cd\u4eba\u8207\u795e\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u898f\u5f8b\ufe50\u800c\u9019\u500b\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u91cb\u9019\u500b\u898f\u5f8b\u6210\u70ba\u7f85\u99ac\u6559\u5b97\u6b0a\u5a01\u7684\u4f86\u6e90\u3002","rel":"","context":"In "\u5b97\u6559"","block_context":{"text":"\u5b97\u6559","link":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/category\/_religions\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":1484,"url":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2007\/09\/13\/%e5%9f%ba%e7%9d%a3%e6%95%99%e6%80%9d%e6%83%b3%e5%8f%b2-%e7%ac%ac%e4%ba%8c%e7%ab%a0%ef%b9%95%e8%81%96%e5%a5%a7%e5%8f%a4%e6%96%af%e4%b8%81%e7%9a%84%e7%94%9f%e5%b9%b3%e6%80%9d%e6%83%b3\/","url_meta":{"origin":2178,"position":3},"title":"\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u601d\u60f3\u53f2\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8 \u2013 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\ufe55\u8056\u5967\u53e4\u65af\u4e01\u7684\u751f\u5e73\u601d\u60f3","author":"hevangel","date":"September 13, 2007","format":false,"excerpt":"\u4e0d\u8ad6\u5728\u795e\u5b78\u6216\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u54f2\u5b78\u4e0a\ufe50\u8056\u5967\u53e4\u65af\u4e01(St. Augustine of Hippo)\u4e5f\u662f\u975e\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u555f\u8499\u5f8c\u7684\u5927\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\ufe50\u5982\u7b1b\u5361\u5152\ufe50\u9ed1\u683c\u723e\ufe50\u53f2\u8cd3\u6d1b\u6c99\u7b49\u7684\u601d\u60f3\ufe50\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u6e90\u982d\u81f4\u5967\u53e4\u65af\u4e01\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u601d\u60f3\u540c\u6a23\u5f71\u97ff\u6df1\u9060\ufe50\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u5960\u5b9a\u65e5\u5f8c\u897f\u65b9\u795e\u5b78\u6240\u8d70\u7684\u9053\u8def\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u53e4\u5178\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u4f4d\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\ufe50\u4ea6\u662f\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u795e\u7684\u4eba\ufe50\u7d55\u4e0d\u80fd\u7121\u8996\u5967\u53e4\u65af\u4e01\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u800c\u8981\u660e\u767d\u4ed6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\ufe50\u5148\u8981\u5f9e\u4ed6\u7684\u751f\u5e73\u958b\u59cb\u3002 \u5967\u53e4\u65af\u4e01\u7684\u751f\u5e73\u53ef\u7b97\u662f\u591a\u59ff\u591a\u91c7\ufe50\u4ed6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u7d50\u96c6\u7576\u6642\u5404\u5bb6\u54f2\u5b78\u4e4b\u5927\u6210\ufe50\u4e26\u5c07\u4e4b\u878d\u6703\u704c\u901a\u5165\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u88cf\u9762\u3002\u4ed6\u7236\u89aa\u662f\u7570\u6559\u5f92\ufe50\u4f46\u6bcd\u89aa\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u3002\u53d7\u4ed6\u7236\u89aa\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\ufe50\u4ed6\u5f97\u4ee5\u5b78\u7fd2\u53e4\u5178\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u773e\u591a\u5b78\u8aaa\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u8f49\u8b8a\u5206\u70ba\u516b\u500b\u6642\u671f\u3002\u6700\u521d\u4ed6\u5982\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u4eba\u4e00\u6a23\ufe50\u53d7\u67cf\u62c9\u5716\u548cStoics\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u5176\u5f8c\u4ed6\u53d7Cicero\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\ufe50\u5f9e\u54f2\u5b78\u4e2d\u63a2\u7d22\u771f\u7406\ufe50\u4e26\u628a\u54f2\u5b78\u61c9\u7528\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4e0a\u3002\u5176\u5f8c\u4ed6\u53d7\u6ce2\u65af\u5b8c\u6559Manichaeism\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\ufe50\u5617\u8a66\u7528\u5584\u60e1\u4e8c\u5143\u8ad6\u53bb\u89e3\u91cb\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u4ed6\u5f9e\u5929\u6587\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u4e16\u754c\u904b\u884c\u7684\u5b8c\u7f8e\u6cd5\u5f8b\ufe50\u65bc\u662f\u58ae\u5165\u61f7\u7591\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e2d\u3002\u4ed6\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u5957\u65b0\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5\u8ad6\ufe50\u5f9e\u61f7\u7591\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8d70\u5165\u65b0\u67cf\u62c9\u5716\u4e3b\u7fa9\ufe50\u53bb\u91cb\u795e\u8207\u4e16\u754c\u57fa\u65bc\u611b\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u4ed6\u9019\u6642\u958b\u59cb\u63a5\u53d7\u6559\u6703\u7684\u6b0a\u5a01\ufe50\u800c\u6559\u6703\u4e2d\u8056\u4eba\u548c\u4fee\u884c\u50e7\u4ea6\u7d66\u4ed6\u5f88\u5927\u555f\u767c\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u5967\u53e4\u65af\u4e01\u8207\u4e9e\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u76f8\u7570\ufe50\u800c\u5343\u591a\u5e74\u4f86\u9019\u5169\u500b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u722d\u8b70\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u505c\u6b62\u904e\u3002 \u5967\u53e4\u65af\u4e01\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5\u8ad6\u8207\u82d6\u5361\u5152\u63a8\u8ad6\u540c\u51fa\u4e00\u8f4d\ufe50\u5747\u662f\u8a8d\u70ba\u4eba\u61c9\u8a72\u5167\u7701\u53bb\u627e\u5230\u53ef\u4ee5\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5206\u5225\u662f\u82d7\u5361\u5152\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u662f\u201c\u6211\u601d\u6545\u6211\u5728\u201d\ufe50\u800c\u5967\u53e4\u65af\u4e01\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u5247\u662f\u9748\u9b42\u5167\u770b\u898b\u7684\u795e\ufe50\u800c\u795e\u5c31\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u771f\u5be6\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8ddf\u64da\u3002\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u53ea\u6709\u795e\u6c38\u6046\u4e0d\u8b8a\u7684\u5b58\u5728\ufe50\u6211\u5011\u624d\u4e0d\u6703\u6d3b\u5728\u61f7\u7591\u7684\u7a7a\u865b\u4e2d\ufe50\u9019\u6a23\u4e16\u9593\u842c\u7269\u624d\u6709\u610f\u7fa9\u3002 \u5967\u53e4\u65af\u4e01\u8a8d\u70ba\u795e\u662f\u7d42\u6975\u7684\u5b58\u5728\ufe50\u8d85\u8d8a\u6642\u9593\u548c\u7a7a\u9593\ufe50\u8d85\u8d8a\u5ba2\u89c0\u548c\u4e3b\u89c0\ufe50\u4e16\u754c\u6240\u6709\u4e8b\u7269\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u795e\u7576\u4e2d\ufe50\u795e\u5c31\u662f\u611b\u3002\u7576\u6211\u5011\u6b63\u78ba\u5730\u611b\u81ea\u5df1\u6216\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u6642\u5019\ufe50\u5c31\u662f\u611b\u6211\u5011\u6216\u4e8b\u7269\u4e2d\u7684\u795e\u6027\ufe50\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u611b\u795e\u3002\u4ed6\u5c0d\u4e09\u4f4d\u4e00\u9ad4\u63d0\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u898b\u89e3\ufe50\u8056\u7236\u5c31\u662f\u7d66\u8207\u611b\ufe50\u8056\u5b50\u5c31\u662f\u88ab\u611b\ufe50\u800c\u8056\u9748\u5c31\u662f\u611b\u7684\u529b\u91cf\ufe50\u5982\u540c\u8a18\u61b6\ufe50\u667a\u6167\u548c\u610f\u5fd7\u4e00\u6a23\u3002\u4ed6\u660e\u78ba\u5730\u6307\u51fa\u795e\u5f9e\u865b\u7121\u4e2d\u5275\u9020\u4e16\u754c\ufe50\u4e16\u754c\u4e26\u4e0d\u7368\u7acb\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u795e\u4e4b\u5916\u3002\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u6642\u9593\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u7121\u9650\ufe50\u6642\u9593\u96a8\u8457\u4e16\u754c\u88ab\u795e\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u4f86\ufe50\u56e0\u6b64\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u6240\u8b02\u5275\u4e16\u524d\u7684\u6642\u9593\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u6642\u9593\u89c0\u662f\u7dda\u6027\ufe50\u8207Stoics\u7684\u5faa\u74b0\u6642\u9593\u89c0\u4e0d\u540c\ufe50\u56e0\u70ba\u53ea\u6709\u6642\u9593\u4e00\u53bb\u4e0d\u8fd4\ufe50\u6211\u5011\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u624d\u6709\u610f\u7fa9\u3002 \u5967\u53e4\u65af\u4e01\u8aaa\u4eba\u7684\u64c1\u6709\u610f\u5fd7\ufe50\u9748\u9b42\u7684\u5169\u500b\u57fa\u672c\u6d3b\u52d5\u5c31\u662f\u6c42\u611b\u548c\u6c42\u77e5\u3002\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u9748\u9b42\u6c38\u6046\u4e0d\u6ec5\ufe50\u82e5\u9060\u96e2\u795e\u6c92\u6709\u795e\u7684\u611b\ufe50\u5c31\u662f\u6700\u5927\u7684\u61f2\u7f70\u3002 \u5967\u53e4\u65af\u4e01\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u89c0\u662f\u8056\u4fd7\u4e8c\u5206\ufe50 \u6211\u5011\u5f9e\u5730\u4e0a\u7f6a\u60e1\u4e4b\u57ce\ufe50\u901a\u5411\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5145\u6eff\u611b\u4e4b\u57ce\u3002 \u5967\u53e4\u65af\u4e01\u5c0d\u795e\u5b78\u7684\u6700\u5927\u8ca2\u737b\ufe50\u662f\u4ed6\u767c\u660e\u4e86\u539f\u7f6a\u7684\u6559\u7fa9\u3002\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u6b63\u662f\u5b97\u6559\u8207\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u4ea4\u53c9\u9ede\ufe50\u81ea\u53e4\u4ee5\u4f86\u5728\u6559\u6703\u70ba\u6b64\u722d\u8ad6\u4e0d\u4f11\u3002\u5230\u5e95\u4eba\u985e\u884c\u60e1\u4e8b\u6240\u4ee5\u72af\u7f6a\ufe50\u9084\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u56e0\u70ba\u6709\u7f6a\u6027\u6240\u4ee5\u884c\u60e1\u4e8b\u5462\ufe56\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u6559\u6703\u4e2d\ufe50\u7570\u7aef\u795e\u5b78\u5bb6Pelagius\u8207\u5967\u53e4\u65af\u4e01\u5531\u53cd\u8abf\ufe50\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u672c\u8cea\u662f\u81ea\u7531\ufe50\u4eba\u64c1\u6709\u7406\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u51fa\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3002\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u4eba\u662f\u53d7\u9020\u7269\ufe50\u4eba\u985e\u81ea\u7136\u6703\u6b7b\u4ea1\ufe50\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4e26\u975e\u7f6a\u7684\u61f2\u7f70\u3002\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u4e9e\u7576\u72af\u7684\u7f6a\u4e26\u4e0d\u798d\u88ab\u5f8c\u4eba\ufe50\u6240\u4ee5\u539f\u7f6a\u7684\u4e26\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\ufe50\u4eba\u8981\u72af\u4e86\u7f6a\u624d\u6703\u6dea\u70ba\u7f6a\u4eba\u3002 \u8036\u7a4c\u900f\u904e\u9818\u6d17\u8d66\u514d\u5df2\u72af\u7f6a\u7684\u4eba\ufe50\u4e26\u4e16\u4eba\u4f5c\u4e00\u500b\u4e0d\u72af\u7f6a\u7684\u597d\u699c\u6a23\u3002\u4eba\u985e\u53ef\u4ee5\u6191\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u5fd7\u884c\u5584\u6216\u884c\u60e1\ufe50\u884c\u5584\u5247\u89aa\u8fd1\u795e\ufe50\u884c\u60e1\u5247\u9060\u96e2\u795e\u3002\u5967\u53e4\u65af\u4e01\u5247\u8a8d\u70ba\u4eba\u7684\u672c\u8cea\u662f\u58ae\u843d\ufe50\u5fc5\u9700\u4f9d\u9760\u795e\u7684\u6069\u5178\u624d\u80fd\u5920\u884c\u5584\u3002\u4eba\u985e\u60f3\u6191\u81ea\u5df1\u529b\u91cf\u884c\u5584\ufe50\u5c31\u6703\u96e2\u9060\u795e\u7136\u5f8c\u58ae\u843d\u3002\u72af\u7f6a\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u9a55\u50b2\ufe50\u56e0\u70ba\u9a55\u50b2\u8b93\u4eba\u9060\u96e2\u795e\u3002\u5728\u5967\u53e4\u65af\u4e01\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u4e2d\ufe50\u72af\u7f6a\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u884c\u4e86\u60e1\u4e8b\ufe50\u5012\u904e\u4f86\u884c\u60e1\u4e8b\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u4eba\u6709\u7f6a\u3002\u4eba\u985e\u72af\u7f6a\u56e0\u70ba\u9060\u96e2\u795e\ufe50\u9060\u96e2\u795e\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u72af\u7f6a\u7684\u61f2\u7f70\u3002\u57fa\u7763\u900f\u904e\u9818\u6d17\u628a\u6069\u5178\u8cdc\u8207\u4eba\u985e\ufe50\u4eba\u985e\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u795e\u7684\u611b\u6210\u7fa9\ufe50\u4fe1\u53ea\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u6210\u7fa9\u7684\u5a92\u4ecb\u3002\u5967\u53e4\u65af\u4e01\u8a8d\u70ba\u4eba\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6297\u62d2\u795e\u7684\u6069\u5178\ufe50\u88ab\u795e\u9078\u53d6\u7684\u4eba\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5931\u843d\ufe50\u800cPelagius\u5247\u8a8d\u70ba\u4eba\u8981\u52aa\u529b\u624d\u80fd\u5920\u63a5\u53d7\u6069\u5178\u3002 \u5967\u53e4\u65af\u4e01\u8ddf\u5f9eCyprian\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\ufe50\u6559\u6703\u662f\u6551\u8d16\u7684\u6a5f\u95dc\ufe50\u5f9e\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u8056\u5316\ufe50\u8f49\u8b8a\u70ba\u6574\u500b\u6559\u6703\u7684\u8056\u5316\u3002\u6559\u6703\u7684\u795e\u8056\u6027\u662f\u5ba2\u89c0\u7684\u5b58\u5728\ufe50\u7368\u7acb\u65bc\u4ee3\u8868\u6559\u6703\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u9818\u6d17\u8056\u4e8b\u7684\u795e\u8056\u6027\u662f\u5ba2\u89c0\u7684\ufe50\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u7b97\u662f\u7570\u7aef\u6559\u6703\u8ca0\u8cac\u7684\u65bd\u6d17\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u6548\ufe50\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u9818\u6d17\u3002\u540c\u6a23\u5730\u6309\u7acb\u4e5f\u662f\u6c38\u4e45\u6709\u6548\ufe50\u6240\u4ee5\u88ab\u9010\u51fa\u6559\u6703\u7684\u795e\u8077\u4eba\u54e1\u6240\u884c\u7684\u8056\u4e8b\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u6548\u3002 \u770b\u5b8c\u9019\u8ab2\u4ee4\u6211\u5c0d\u5967\u53e4\u65af\u4e01\u5b8c\u5168\u6539\u89c0\ufe50\u6211\u4ee5\u524d\u5c0d\u4ed6\u7684\u751f\u5e73\u4e5f\u7565\u6709\u6240\u77e5\ufe50\u4e5f\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u767c\u660e\u539f\u7f6a\u6559\u7fa9\u548c\u4e3b\u5f35\u7981\u617e\ufe50\u9019\u5169\u9805\u6559\u7fa9\u6b63\u6b63\u662f\u6211\u4e0d\u559c\u6b61\u4ed6\u7684\u539f\u56e0\ufe50\u56e0\u70ba\u6211\u89ba\u5f97\u4ed6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\ufe50\u8207\u897f\u65b9\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u9032\u6b65\u601d\u60f3\u4e0d\u4e4e\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u9019\u8ab2\u4ee5\u795e\u5b78\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u53bb\u89e3\u91cb\u4ed6\u5982\u4f55\u5efa\u7acb\u9019\u5169\u500b\u6559\u7fa9\ufe50\u8b93\u6211\u660e\u767d\u9019\u5169\u6559\u7fa9\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u6211\u9084\u662f\u4e0d\u8a8d\u540c\u4ed6\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\ufe50\u4f46\u5728\u660e\u767d\u4ed6\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u548c\u751f\u5e73\u80cc\u666f\u5f8c\ufe50\u81f3\u5c11\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u60c5\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u4ed6\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6703\u5f97\u51fa\u9019\u5169\u500b\u7d50\u8ad6\u3002\u8a8d\u8b58\u539f\u88dd\u6b63\u7248\u7684\u539f\u7f6a\u8ad6\u5f8c\ufe50\u6211\u66f4\u767c\u73fe\u4ee5\u524d\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5e38\u807d\u7684\u90a3\u5957\u539f\u7f6a\u8ad6\ufe50\u5b8c\u5168\u6b6a\u66f2\u5967\u53e4\u65af\u4e01\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u4eba\u6709\u539f\u7f6a\ufe50\u4fe1\u6559\u8005\u8d66\u7f6a\ufe50\u6709\u7f6a\u8005\u5165\u5730\u7344\ufe50\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u4fe1\u8005\u6703\u5165\u5730\u7344\u3002\u9019\u500b\u7578\u80ce\u539f\u7f6a\u8ad6\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u6b63\u5e38\u4eba\u807d\u4e86\u4e5f\u6703\u53cd\u611f\ufe50\u4f46\u662f\u9019\u500b\u7578\u80ce\u539f\u7f6a\u8ad6\u537b\u81ea\u76f8\u77db\u76fe\ufe50\u63a8\u7ffb\u4e86\u4eba\u6c92\u6709\u81ea\u7531\u9078\u64c7\u63a5\u53d7\u6069\u5178\u7684\u524d\u8a2d\ufe50\u4eba\u4fe1\u4e0d\u4fe1\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6b0a\u5728\u795e\u4e26\u4e0d\u5728\u4eba\u3002\u5967\u53e4\u65af\u4e01\u662f\u6559\u6703\u6b77\u53f2\u4e2d\u6700\u5049\u5927\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u5bb6\ufe50\u4e0d\u8ad6\u8a8d\u4e0d\u8a8d\u540c\u4ed6\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u89c0\u9ede\ufe50\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u7121\u8996\u4ed6\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002","rel":"","context":"In "\u5b97\u6559"","block_context":{"text":"\u5b97\u6559","link":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/category\/_religions\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":609,"url":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2006\/12\/20\/%e4%b8%96%e9%9d%92%e7%af%80%e6%97%85%e8%a1%8c%e9%81%8a%e8%a8%98-%e6%84%9f%e6%83%b3\/","url_meta":{"origin":2178,"position":4},"title":"\u4e16\u9752\u7bc0\u65c5\u884c\u904a\u8a18 \u2013 \u611f\u60f3","author":"hevangel","date":"December 20, 2006","format":false,"excerpt":"\u9019\u662f\u4e16\u9752\u7bc0\u65c5\u884c\u904a\u8a18\u7684\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\ufe50\u6211\u5728\u6b64\u5c0d\u9019\u4e00\u8d9f\u884c\u7a0b\u4f5c\u4e00\u500b\u7e3d\u7d50\u548c\u53cd\u601d\ufe50\u7d30\u60f3\u6211\u5728\u90a3\u4e8c\u5341\u4e09\u5929\u7576\u4e2d\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5f97\u8457\u3002 \u56b4\u683c\u4f86\u8aaa\ufe50\u9019\u8d9f\u884c\u7a0b\u6709\u8d85\u904e\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e8c\u7684\u6642\u9593\u662f\u5728\u671d\u8056\u3002\u4f46\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u5973\u53cb\u8aaa\u822c\ufe50\u6211\u611f\u89ba\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u5728\u65c5\u884c\u591a\u65bc\u61f7\u8457\u5b97\u6559\u610f\u7fa9\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u4e0d\u50cf\u662f\u53c3\u52a0\u9d28\u4ed4\u89c0\u5149\u5718\ufe50\u53bb\u540d\u52dd\u62cd\u7167\u89c0\u5149\u56db\u8655\u8cfc\u7269\u3002\u5012\u662f\u62b1\u8457\u7d93\u9a57\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u5316\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\ufe50\u89aa\u8eab\u9ad4\u9a57\u4e00\u500b\u5b97\u6559\u7375\u5947\u4e4b\u65c5\u3002\u6211\u5c31\u662f\u90a3\u7a2e\u53ea\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u672a\u8a66\u904e\u60f3\u8a66\u8457\u505a\ufe50\u6703\u53bb\u77ed\u671f\u51fa\u5bb6\u7576\u548c\u5c1a\u4e00\u500b\u661f\u671f\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u9019\u6b21\u4e16\u9752\u7bc0\u7684\u5fc3\u614b\u4e5f\u662f\u5927\u540c\u5c0f\u7570\u5427\u3002\u96d6\u8aaa\u9748\u4fee\u53ea\u662f\u884c\u7a0b\u642d\u55ae\u7684\u8d08\u9001\u54c1\ufe50\u5728\u9019\u5e7e\u500b\u661f\u671f\u7576\u4e2d\u6211\u8a8d\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u8654\u8aa0\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u3002\u6709\u7a7a\u7684\u6642\u9593\u4e5f\u6703\u5165\u9109\u96a8\u4fd7\ufe50\u5538\u5e7e\u904d\u8056\u6bcd\u7d93\ufe50\u751a\u81f3\u81ea\u767c\u6027\u7684\u5538\u4e86\u7bc7\u73ab\u7470\u7d93\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u56de\u5230\u6b63\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u5f8c\ufe50\u6709\u6642\u5fc3\u7dd2\u4e0d\u5be7\ufe50\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0a\u6b21\u8d95\u642d\u98db\u6a5f\u6642\ufe50\u6211\u4e5f\u6703\u5538\u8056\u6bcd\u7d93\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u5538\u7d93\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u7528\u9019\u4e9b\u795e\u5b78\u554f\u984c\ufe50\u6211\u65e9\u5df2\u662f\u8d85\u8d8a\u90a3\u500b\u5c64\u6b21\ufe50\u4e0d\u6703\u518d\u65a4\u65a4\u8a08\u8f03\u3002\u6709\u9ede\u50cf\u662f\u5c0f\u6642\u5019\u5728\u723a\u723a\u5bb6\u4e2d\u5403\u98ef\u524d\u8981\u7d66\u7956\u5148\u4e0a\u9999\u4e00\u6a23\ufe50\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5100\u5f0f\u7f77\u4e86\u3002 \u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u5c0f\u6642\u5019\u9818\u6d17\u7684\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5f92\ufe50\u5927\u5b78\u6642\u6709\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u5019\u8f49\u4e86\u53bb\u57fa\u7763\u6559\ufe50\u751a\u81f3\u5e7e\u4e4e\u60f3\u9818\u6d17\u591a\u4e00\u6b21\u5165\u57fa\u9910\u6559\ufe50\u90a3\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u6d78\u4fe1\u6703\u4e0d\u627f\u8a8d\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u9818\u6d17\u3002\u60f3\u8d77\u4f86\u6709\u9ede\u5f8c\u6094\u7576\u5e74\u6c92\u6709\u6d78\u591a\u6b21\ufe50\u4e0d\u7136\u73fe\u5728\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5149\u660e\u6b63\u5927\u8aaa\u6211\u5403\u5169\u6559\u8336\u79ae\u3002\u5439\u6c34\u8d77\u4f86\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\ufe50\u4e0d\u8ad6\u90a3\u908a\u662f\u5728\u50b3\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u798f\u97f3\ufe50\u6211\u5169\u908a\u4e5f\u6709\u6392\u968a\u5165\u5929\u5802\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u4eba\u5927\u4e86\u4e0d\u6703\u90a3\u6a23\u7121\u804a\ufe50\u73fe\u5728\u4ea6\u6c92\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u8b93\u6211\u8f49\u6559\u73a9\u4e00\u8f49\ufe50\u6709\u9ede\u5152\u53ef\u60dc\u3002\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u4fe1\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5b30\u5152\u9818\u6d17\ufe50\u5927\u500b\u4e86\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u518d\u8fd4\u6559\u5802\u3002\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u50b3\u6559\u4e00\u5411\u6bd4\u8f03\u4f4e\u8abf\ufe50\u4e0d\u6703\u50cf\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6436\u7f8a\u6d17\u8166\u5f0f\u7684\u8f5f\u70b8\ufe50\u6240\u4ee5\u521d\u79fb\u6c11\u904e\u4f86\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u4e0a\u5927\u5b78\u6642\ufe50\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u5b8c\u5168\u63a5\u89f8\u4e0d\u5c0d\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5708\u5b50\u3002\u7576\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5f92\u597d\u50cf\u662f\u5728\u641e\u5730\u4e0b\u9769\u547d\ufe50\u9023\u6709\u4e9b\u76f8\u719f\u540c\u5b78\u662f\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u4e5f\u4e0d\u77e5\ufe50\u4e0d\u50cf\u4fe1\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u90a3\u4e9b\u984d\u982d\u50cf\u523b\u4e86\u5b57\ufe50\u4eba\u54c1\u4e0d\u50cf\u8036\u7a4c\u53e3\u908a\u4e5f\u5e38\u5e38\u639b\u8457\u7942\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\u6211\u4ee5\u70ba\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5927\u6168\u5feb\u8981\u5b8c\u86cb\ufe50\u6c92\u6709\u5e74\u9752\u7684\u65b0\u8840\u52a0\u5165\ufe50\u904e\u5e7e\u5341\u5e74\u73fe\u5728\u8fd4\u6559\u5802\u90a3\u6279\u4eba\u6b7b\u4e86\u5f8c\ufe50\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u95dc\u9580\u5927\u5409\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u4eca\u6b21\u4e16\u9752\u7bc0\u8b93\u6211\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u6d3b\u529b\ufe50\u4e00\u767e\u842c\u5e74\u9752\u4eba\u70ba\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u4fe1\u4ef0\ufe50\u5f9e\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u500b\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u65b9\u805a\u96c6\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u4e0d\u8ad6\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u656c\u62dc\u795e\u6216\u53ea\u662f\u770b\u770b\u65b0\u6559\u5b97\ufe50\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u52d5\u54e1\u80fd\u529b\u662f\u50cf\u6563\u6c99\u822c\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5802\u6240\u4e0d\u80fd\u6bd4\u64ec\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u5c0d\u65bc\u6211\u800c\u8a00\ufe50\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5f92\u53ea\u662f\u6211\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u8eab\u4efd\u50cf\u5fb5\ufe50\u4f46\u6211\u4e5f\u4e0d\u60f3\u770b\u898b\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u5c6c\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u8870\u843d\u3002\u4e16\u9752\u7bc0\u8b93\u6211\u5c0d\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u91cd\u71c3\u8d77\u5e0c\u671b\ufe50\u53ef\u4ee5\u7576\u4e00\u80a1\u8db3\u4ee5\u5c0d\u6297\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u57fa\u8981\u6d3e\u7684\u6e05\u6d41\ufe50\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u6d2a\u6d41\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u7406\u6027\u548c\u611b\u5fc3\ufe50\u4e0d\u6703\u8b93\u4eba\u8ff7\u5931\u5728\u53cd\u667a\u7684\u4ec7\u6068\u6050\u5687\u7576\u4e2d\u3002 \u56de\u4f86\u5f8c\u548c\u670b\u53cb\u8aaa\u8d77\u9019\u6b21\u65c5\u884c\ufe50\u5927\u591a\u6578\u4eba\u53ea\u554f\u6211\u597d\u4e0d\u597d\u73a9\ufe50\u7136\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7279\u5225\u7684\u906d\u9047\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u6211\u7684\u597d\u670b\u53cb\u8521\u7956\u554f\u904e\u6211\ufe50\u9019\u6b21\u56de\u4f86\u5f8c\u5728\u601d\u60f3\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e0a\u6211\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u7576\u6642\u6211\u60f3\u4e86\u5f88\u4e45\u4e5f\u7b54\u4e0d\u51fa\u4f86\ufe50\u73fe\u5728\u904e\u4e86\u500b\u591a\u6708\ufe50\u6211\u4f9d\u7136\u9084\u662f\u7b54\u4e0d\u4e0a\u4f86\u3002\u5343\u91cc\u8fe2\u8fe2\u53bb\u898b\u5b8c\u6559\u5b97\ufe50\u671d\u62dc\u904e\u5e7e\u500b\u8056\u5730\u6559\u5802\u4fee\u9662\ufe50\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e0a\u7406\u61c9\u6703\u6709\u6240\u6539\u8b8a\u3002\u5728\u51fa\u767c\u4e4b\u524d\u548c\u884c\u7a0b\u7576\u4e2d\ufe50\u6211\u4e5f\u6709\u7948\u79b1\u554f\u904e\u795e\ufe50\u8aaa\u5982\u679c\u8056\u9748\u8981\u4f86\u5c31\u4f86\u5427\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u56de\u4f86\u5f8c\ufe50\u6211\u661f\u671f\u5929\u4f9d\u7136\u4e0d\u60f3\u8fd4\u6559\u5802\ufe50\u5c0d\u65bc\u5b97\u6559\u5236\u5ea6\u6709\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u7684\u8cea\u7591\ufe50\u6703\u5f9e\u4e0d\u540c\u6e20\u9053\u5438\u6536\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u77e5\u8b58\ufe50\u9119\u8996\u5f4a\u5316\u6b7b\u786c\u6d3e\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\u6559\u5f92\u53cd\u800c\u6211\u5973\u670b\u53cb\u5c31\u611f\u53d7\u826f\u591a\ufe50\u597d\u50cf\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b50\u8654\u8aa0\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\ufe50\u6211\u5011\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e5f\u66f4\u52a0\u878d\u6d3d\u3002\u5927\u6539\u8b8a\u6211\u597d\u50cf\u6c92\u6709\ufe50\u5c0f\u6539\u8b8a\u5012\u6709\u4e9b\ufe50\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0a\u6b21\u6211\u5165\u52a0\u897f\u71df\u5206\u4eab\u4e16\u9752\u7bc0\u7d93\u6b77\ufe50\u9023\u5973\u670b\u53cb\u4e5f\u5947\u602a\u6211\u5ffd\u7136\u8aaa\u5f97\u6709\u9ede\u6df1\u5ea6\u3002\u5728\u4e16\u9752\u7bc0\u4e2d\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u795e\u7684\u4fdd\u4f51\u662f\u4e8b\u5be6\ufe50\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6700\u5f8c\u90a3\u5929\u8d95\u53bb\u5df4\u9ece\u7684\u706b\u8eca\ufe50\u5728\u8def\u5fb7\u706b\u8eca\u7ad9\u627e\u5230\u4e0d\u898b\u4e86\u7684\u8eca\u7968\ufe50\u5230\u884c\u674e\u5728\u5931\u8e64\u500b\u591a\u6708\u5f8c\u5b89\u7136\u7121\u7f8c\u56de\u4f86\u3002\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u9078\u64c7\u7684\u7121\u53ef\u9069\u5f9e\u4e5f\u5f88\u5947\u602a\ufe50\u5728\u4e16\u9752\u7bc0\u7121\u932f\u662f\u60f3\u6709\u8212\u670d\u5730\u65b9\u7761\u89ba\ufe50\u4f46\u4f4f\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u537b\u96e2\u5176\u4ed6\u6d3b\u52d5\u5341\u5206\u9060\u3002\u5728\u884c\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6211\u5b78\u61c2\u77e5\u8db3\ufe50\u4e16\u754c\u6c92\u6709\u4e8b\u662f\u5341\u5168\u5341\u7f8e\ufe50\u7167\u9867\u5230\u4e00\u7a2e\u9700\u5c31\u6703\u5ffd\u7565\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e \u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5acc\u9019\u5acc\u90a3\u6a23\u6a23\u4e8b\u4e5f\u6295\u8a34\u3002\u6709\u6642\u5019\u771f\u7684\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u4f5c\u51fa\u53d6\u6368\ufe50\u884c\u53e6\u4e00\u689d\u8def\u5c31\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u9019\u689d\u8def\u7684\u98a8\u5149\ufe50\u5c31\u53ea\u597d\u9806\u5176\u81ea\u7136\u597d\u4e86\ufe50\u6216\u66f0\u628a\u4e8b\u60c5\u4ea4\u7d66\u795e\u3002 \u9019\u6b21\u65c5\u884c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b97\u662f\u6211\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u6b63\u5f0f\u65c5\u884c\ufe50\u4ee5\u524d\u7d30\u500b\u8ddf\u8457\u7236\u6bcd\u7684\u4e0d\u7b97\ufe50\u81ea\u5df1\u53bb\u90a3\u5152\u505a\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e5f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\ufe50\u53ea\u662f\u7d66\u727d\u8457\u9f3b\u5b50\u8d70\u3002\u79fb\u6c11\u4f86\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u5f8c\ufe50\u53bb\u904e\u5317\u7f8e\u4e0d\u5c11\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7b97\ufe50\u90a3\u53ea\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b97\u662f\u6e21\u5047\u6216\u63a2\u8a2a\u670b\u53cb\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8e0f\u8db3\u6b50\u6d32\u662f\u8b93\u6211\u773c\u754c\u5927\u958b\ufe50\u8996\u91ce\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b50\u64f4\u95ca\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u548c\u66f8\u672c\u4e2d\u6240\u8b80\u5230\u7684\u6b50\u6d32\u76f8\u5dee\u4e0d\u5927\ufe50\u4f46\u662f\u59cb\u7d42\u9084\u8981\u89aa\u8eab\u9ad4\u9a57\u7570\u570b\u98a8\u60c5\ufe50\u6b63\u6240\u8b02\u8b80\u842c\u5377\u66f8\u4e0d\u5982\u884c\u842c\u91cc\u8def\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u9019\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5c0d\ufe50\u6211\u8a8d\u70ba\u884c\u8def\u5148\u8981\u8b80\u66f8\u3002\u884c\u5b8c\u8def\u4e5f\u8981\u518d\u8b80\u66f8\u91cd\u6eab\u3002\u6c92\u6709\u505a\u597d\u529f\u8ab2\u505a\u8db3\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u641c\u96c6\ufe50\u81ea\u5df1\u6216\u540c\u884c\u7684\u4eba\u5c0d\u7576\u5730\u8a9e\u8a00\u6709\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\ufe50\u65c5\u884c\u6a02\u8da3\u5fc5\u5b9a\u5927\u6253\u6298\u6263\u3002\u65c5\u904a\u56de\u4f86\u5f8c\u6211\u4ea6\u6703\u627e\u518d\u8cc7\u6599\ufe50\u88dc\u5145\u6211\u65c5\u904a\u671f\u9593\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u7684\u6771\u897f\ufe50\u4e0d\u55ae\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u6eab\u90a3\u6bb5\u7f8e\u597d\u7684\u56de\u61b6\ufe50\u4ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u65c5\u884c\u7684\u5f97\u8457\u66f4\u52a0\u6df1\u523b\u3002 \u6b50\u6d32\u5728\u6587\u5316\u4e0a\u7d66\u6211\u7684\u6700\u5927\u885d\u64ca\ufe50\u662f\u8b93\u6211\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u7684\u591a\u5143\u6027\ufe50\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6211\u5011\u9019\u4e9b\u5728\u79fb\u5c45\u5317\u7f8e\u7684\u83ef\u4eba\ufe50\u81ea\u5c11\u53d7\u5230\u7f8e\u570b\u96fb\u8996\u96fb\u5f71\u85b0\u837c\ufe50\u5f88\u591a\u6642\u5019\u4e0d\u81ea\u89ba\u628a\u7f8e\u570b\u50f9\u503c\u7b49\u540c\u897f\u65b9\u50f9\u503c\u3002\u5f9e\u67d0\u4e9b\u6587\u5316\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\ufe50\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u6587\u5316\u76f8\u5c0d\u5730\u6bd4\u6b50\u6d32\u843d\u5f8c\ufe50\u7279\u5225\u662f\u6cbf\u81ea\u6e05\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u90a3\u5957\u9053\u5fb7\u89c0\u3002\u4eca\u6b21\u884c\u7a0b\u6211\u63a5\u89f8\u6700\u591a\u662f\u6cd5\u570b\u548c\u5fb7\u570b\ufe50\u5176\u6b21\u662f\u5728\u4e16\u9752\u7bc0\u6d3b\u52d5\u9047\u4e0a\u7684\u610f\u5927\u5229\u4eba\ufe50\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u6709\u64c1\u6709\u570b\u85c9\u7684\u82f1\u570b\ufe50\u53cd\u800c\u53ea\u5728\u8f49\u6a5f\u6642\u505c\u7559\u4e86\u5e7e\u5c0f\u6642\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u82f1\u6cd5\u5fb7\u610f\u56db\u500b\u6c11\u65cf\u5404\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7279\u6027\ufe50\u9019\u548c\u4e00\u822c\u8aaa\u6cd5\u4e5f\u76f8\u5dee\u4e0d\u9053\u3002\u9019\u6b21\u884c\u7a0b\u5f88\u591a\u6642\u9593\u6211\u662f\u5728\u706b\u8eca\u4e0a\u6e21\u904e\ufe50\u6211\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u73fe\u50cf\ufe50\u6cd5\u5fb7\u5169\u570b\u7684\u9435\u8def\u5c40\u548c\u535a\u7269\u9928\ufe50\u6b63\u597d\u5145\u4efd\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u5169\u500b\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7279\u6027\u3002\u6cd5\u570b\u7684\u9435\u8def\u53ea\u53ef\u7528\u4e00\u500b\u4e82\u5b57\u4f86\u5f62\u5bb9\ufe50\u706b\u8eca\u5230\u7ad9\u524d\u4e00\u500b\u5c0f\u6642\u624d\u77e5\u767b\u8eca\u6708\u53f0\ufe50\u7db2\u4e0a\u8a02\u4e86\u7684\u7968\u5b50\u8981\u5230\u706b\u8eca\u7ad9\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u53d6\u3002\u8eca\u7968\u6c92\u932f\u662f\u5283\u4e86\u5ea7\u4f4d\ufe50\u4f46\u67e5\u7968\u54e1\u53ea\u770b\u7968\u5b50\u4e0d\u5c0d\u5ea7\u4f4d\u865f\u78bc\ufe50\u9084\u51fa\u73fe\u5ea7\u4f4d\u91cd\u8907\u5283\u51fa\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u6700\u8981\u547d\u7684\u662f\u9435\u8def\u7684\u5ee3\u64ad\u53ea\u6709\u6cd5\u8a9e\ufe50\u5bb3\u6211\u5011\u5e38\u5e38\u64d4\u5fc3\u5750\u904e\u4e86\u982d\u7ad9\u4e0b\u932f\u8eca\u3002\u5927\u6168\u9019\u548c\u6cd5\u570b\u4eba\u61f6\u6563\u4e0d\u82df\u5c0f\u7bc0\ufe50\u4e26\u5c0d\u6cd5\u6587\u81ea\u50b2\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u53cd\u89c0\u5fb7\u570b\u9435\u8def\u7684\u7d00\u5f8b\u56b4\u7dca\u5230\u8b93\u4eba\u5403\u9a5a\u7684\u5730\u6b65\ufe50\u7db2\u4e0a\u8a02\u7968\u76f4\u63a5\u5bc4\u5230\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\ufe50\u4e09\u500b\u6708\u524d\u51fa\u7684\u7968\u5b50\u5df2\u7de8\u597d\u767b\u8eca\u6708\u53f0\u3002\u4e0a\u8eca\u4e0d\u4e45\u8eca\u9577\u5c31\u6703\u6d3e\u884c\u8eca\u6642\u9593\u8868\ufe50\u8a73\u7d30\u5217\u51fa\u6bcf\u500b\u7ad9\u7684\u9054\u6b65\u6642\u9593\ufe50\u548c\u7ad9\u5167\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u8a2d\u65bd\ufe50\u7528\u82f1\u5fb7\u96d9\u8a9e\u5370\u88fd\u3002\u5217\u8eca\u6e96\u6642\u6c38\u4e0d\u6703\u8aa4\u9ede\u81ea\u7136\u4e0d\u5728\u8a71\u4e0b\u4e86\u3002\u535a\u7269\u9928\u5927\u591a\u4e0d\u6e96\u62cd\u7167\ufe50\u6cd5\u570b\u7684\u535a\u7269\u9928\u5c31\u53ea\u662f\u8c4e\u500b\u724c\u5b50\u8aaa\u4e0d\u6e96\ufe50\u6211\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ddf\u5176\u4ed6\u904a\u5ba2\u4e00\u6a23\ufe50\u9084\u662f\u5c0d\u8457\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u540d\u756b\u5927\u958b\u9583\u5149\u71c8\u3002\u5fb7\u570b\u7684\u535a\u7269\u9928\u8aaa\u4e0d\u6e96\u62cd\u7167\ufe50\u5c31\u771f\u7684\u6709\u8077\u54e1\u56db\u8655\u5de1\u8996\u5c55\u89bd\u5ef3\ufe50\u9632\u6b62\u6709\u4eba\u7528\u9583\u71c8\u5077\u62cd\u7834\u58de\u53e4\u756b\u3002\u5728\u79d1\u9686\u53bb\u5df4\u9ece\u90a3\u4e00\u7a0b\u706b\u8eca\ufe50\u6211\u5011\u662f\u5750\u6bd4\u5229\u6642\u7684\u9ad8\u901f\u9435\u8def\ufe50\u96d6\u7136\u53ea\u7136\u77ed\u77ed\u7684\u4e09\u500b\u5c0f\u6642\u8eca\u7a0b\ufe50\u6211\u4e0d\u7981\u61f7\u7591\u9019\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u60a3\u6709\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u88c2\u3002\u5c0f\u5c0f\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u6bd4\u5229\u6642\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u7576\u4e2d\ufe50\u4ee5\u6cd5\u5fb7\u632a\u5a01\u8a9e\u70ba\u6bcd\u8a9e\u7684\u5404\u4f54\u4e09\u5206\u4e00\u3002\u90a3\u672c\u706b\u8eca\u7684\u9435\u9053\u96dc\u8a8c\ufe50\u662f\u52a0\u4e0a\u82f1\u8a9e\u4ee5\u56db\u7a2e\u8a9e\u8a00\u5370\u5237\ufe50\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u5927\u5927\u672c\u7684\u96dc\u8a8c\ufe50\u5176\u5be6\u53ea\u6709\u56db\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\ufe50\u6bcf\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e5f\u91cd\u8986\u4e86\u56db\u6b21\u3002 \u6709\u95dc\u9019\u6b21\u65c5\u884c\u7684\u7a2e\u7a2e\ufe50\u6211\u60f3\u5beb\u7684\u4e5f\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u5beb\u5b8c\u4e86\u3002\u5728\u5230\u904e\u7684\u5404\u5730\u65b9\u7576\u4e2d\ufe50\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u6700\u559c\u6b61\u6cf0\u6fa4\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u90a3\u5152\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u504f\u50fb\u7684\u4fee\u9053\u9662\ufe50\u6bcf\u5929\u4e5f\u53ea\u662f\u7c97\u8336\u6de1\u98ef\ufe50\u807d\u4fee\u58eb\u8b1b\u9053\u548c\u4e00\u5929\u4e09\u6b21\u7948\u79b1\ufe50\u537b\u4ee4\u6211\u7684\u5fc3\u9748\u548c\u8166\u888b\u5f97\u5230\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4f11\u606f\u3002\u5df4\u9ece\u548c\u5fb7\u570b\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u597d\ufe50\u4f46\u59cb\u7d42\u592a\u904e\u5954\u6ce2\u52de\u788c\ufe50\u6bd4\u5e73\u5e38\u5728\u6eab\u54e5\u83ef\u9084\u8d95\u3002\u6700\u6435\u7b28\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u8def\u5fb7\ufe50\u795e\u8e5f\u8056\u5730\u5df2\u7d93\u6dea\u843d\u70ba\u904a\u5ba2\u5340\u88ab\u5546\u54c1\u5316\ufe50\u6211\u5be7\u9858\u7701\u56de\u4e8c\u5929\u7684\u6642\u9593\ufe50\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u53c3\u89c0\u51e1\u723e\u8cfd\u5bae\u548c\u591a\u5e7e\u500b\u85dd\u8853\u535a\u7269\u9928\u3002\u6211\u60f3\u5c07\u4f86\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u7684\u8a71\u6703\u91cd\u904a\u6cd5\u570b\u548c\u5fb7\u570b\ufe50\u56e0\u70ba\u4eca\u6b21\u884c\u7a0b\u5f88\u7dca\u8feb\ufe50\u6c92\u6709\u6642\u9593\u4ed4\u7d30\u5730\u54c1\u5473\u7576\u5730\u7684\u6c11\u9593\u98a8\u60c5\u3002\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u904a\u884c\u6211\u6703\u53bb\u90a3\u5152\u5462\ufe56 \u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599\ufe55 World Youth Day Cologne 2005 Taize Lourdes France Railways Germany Railways Belgium Railways","rel":"","context":"In "\u904a\u8a18"","block_context":{"text":"\u904a\u8a18","link":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/category\/_travel\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2006\/12\/WYD2005_Intro.jpg?fit=277%2C320&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1506,"url":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2007\/10\/01\/%e5%9f%ba%e7%9d%a3%e6%95%99%e6%80%9d%e6%83%b3%e5%8f%b2-%e7%ac%ac%e5%9b%9b%e7%ab%a0%ef%b9%95%e5%be%9e%e5%a4%a9%e7%89%b9%e6%9c%83%e8%ad%b0%e5%88%b0%e4%bb%8a%e5%a4%a9%e7%9a%84%e5%a4%a9%e4%b8%bb\/","url_meta":{"origin":2178,"position":5},"title":"\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u601d\u60f3\u53f2\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8 \u2013 \u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\ufe55\u5f9e\u5929\u7279\u6703\u8b70\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u6703","author":"hevangel","date":"October 1, 2007","format":false,"excerpt":"\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u9762\u5c0d\u65b0\u6559\u5b97\u6559\u6539\u9769\u7684\u5a01\u8105\ufe50\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u91cd\u65b0\u627e\u51fa\u81ea\u6211\u5b9a\u4f4d\ufe50\u9032\u884c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u53cd\u6539\u9769\u904b\u52d5\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u662f\u540d\u7a31\u4e0a\u662f\u53cd\u5b97\u6559\u6539\u9769\ufe50\u5929\u7279\u6703\u8b70\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u662f\u63a8\u884c\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u6559\u5167\u6539\u9769\u3002\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u601d\u60f3\u5f88\u591a\u5143\u5316\ufe50\u6559\u6703\u5167\u4e0d\u540c\u601d\u60f3\u767e\u5bb6\u722d\u9cf4\u3002\u65b0\u6559\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u6539\u9769\u4e2d\u9078\u64c7\u4e86\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u689d\u8def\ufe50\u800c\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5247\u76f8\u5c0d\u5730\u8d70\u4e0a\u53e6\u4e00\u689d\u8def\u3002\u7530\u7acb\u514b\u5728\u9019\u7ae0\u5167\u7c21\u55ae\u5730\u7e3d\u7d50\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u548c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5728\u795e\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u4e0a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002 \u6b0a\u5a01 \u5929\u7279\u6703\u8b70\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6559\u6703\u6b0a\u5a01\u7684\u57fa\u790e\ufe50\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u6b0a\u5a01\u4f86\u81ea\u8056\u7d93\ufe50\u4f46\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u8056\u7d93\u8207\u65b0\u6559\u8056\u7d93\u66f8\u76ee\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u99ac\u4e01\u8def\u5fb7\u628a\u6b21\u7d93\u5f9e\u6b63\u5178\u4e2d\u522a\u9664\ufe50\u56e0\u70ba\u6b21\u7d93\u652f\u6301\u4ed6\u53cd\u5c0d\u7684\u5f8b\u6cd5\u7acb\u7fa9\u3002\u99ac\u4e01\u8def\u5fb7\u9084\u60f3\u522a\u9664\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7d93\u66f8\ufe50\u4f8b\u5982\u4ee5\u65af\u5e16\u8a18(Book of Esther)\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u8056\u7d93\u5916\ufe50\u6559\u6703\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u4e5f\u6709\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u6b0a\u5a01\u3002\u6559\u6703\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u6c92\u6709\u660e\u6587\u898f\u5b9a\ufe50\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u7b49\u540c\u6559\u5ead\u65e5\u5e38\u904b\u4f5c\u7684\u6c7a\u7b56\ufe50\u6559\u5b97\u7406\u8ad6\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4efb\u610f\u89e3\u91cb\u6559\u6703\u50b3\u7d71\ufe50\u4e0d\u904e\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u7576\u7136\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8207\u6b77\u4ee3\u6559\u6703\u7684\u6587\u737b\u8a18\u9304\u5dee\u7570\u592a\u5927\u3002\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\u6b66\u52a0\u5927\u901a\u884c\u672c\u8056\u7d93\u624d\u662f\u8056\u7d93\u7684\u6700\u7d42\u6b0a\u5a01 \ufe50\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u4e26\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\u5176\u4ed6\u8056\u7d93\u8b6f\u672c\u3002\u6559\u5ead\u6709\u89e3\u91cb\u8056\u7d93\u7684\u6b0a\u5a01\ufe50 \u6700\u7d42\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u6b0a\u5728\u6559\u5b97\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u624b\u4e0a\u3002\u5728\u65b0\u6559\u4e2d\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u7368\u4f54\u89e3\u91cb\u8056\u7d93\u7684\u6b0a\u5a01\ufe50\u65bc\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u70ba\u8457\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u89c0\u9ede\u6c38\u7121\u6b62\u5883\u5730\u722d\u8ad6\u4e0d\u4f11\u3002 \u7f6a \u5929\u7279\u6703\u8b70\u8a8d\u70ba\u7f6a\u662f\u4eba\u7684\u58ae\u843d\ufe50\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u65b0\u6559\u8a8d\u70ba\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u58ae\u843d\u3002 \u7f6a\u53ea\u662f\u4ee4\u4eba\u6e1b\u5c11\u81ea\u7531\ufe50\u4eba\u6c92\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u5931\u53bb\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u8a8d\u70ba\u539f\u7f6a\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u7f6a\ufe50\u53ea\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u6703\u72af\u7f6a\u7684\u50be\u5411\u3002\u65b0\u6559\u8a8d\u70ba\u4e0d\u4fe1\u5c31\u662f\u6709\u7f6a\ufe50\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5247\u8a8d\u70ba\u9055\u80cc\u795e\u7684\u5f8b\u6cd5\u624d\u6709\u7f6a\u3002\u65b0\u6559\u8a8d\u70ba\u7f6a\u662f\u9060\u96e2\u795e\u7684\u7d50\u679c\ufe50\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u8a8d\u70ba\u5011\u7f6a\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u662f\u9060\u96e2\u795e\u3002\u65b0\u6559\u7f6a\u7684\u5305\u4f0f\u5f88\u91cd\ufe50\u8981\u5b8c\u5168\u4fe1\u670d\u795e\u624d\u6703\u6c92\u6709\u7f6a\u3002 \u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u7f6a\u5247\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6094\u61fa\u514d\u8d66\u7684\u884c\u70ba\ufe50\u6240\u4ee5\u6559\u5f92\u5728\u6d3b\u5f97\u6bd4\u8f03\u8f15\u9b06\u958b\u5fc3\u3002 \u7a31\u7fa9 \u65b0\u6559\u7c21\u55ae\u5730\u8a8d\u70ba\u56e0\u4fe1\u7a31\u7fa9\ufe50\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7a31\u7fa9\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u5247\u8907\u96dc\u5f88\u591a\ufe50\u4fdd\u7559Thomas\u795e\u5b78\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u3002\u7a31\u7fa9\u662f\u795e\u7684\u6069\u5178\ufe50\u6069\u5178\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u4e00\u9762\u662f\u4fe1\ufe50\u53e6\u4e00\u9762\u5247\u662f\u671b\u548c\u611b\u3002\u4fe1\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u7a31\u7fa9\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u689d\u4ef6\ufe50\u56e0\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u4fe1\u4e86\u7684\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u72af\u7f6a\u800c\u66ab\u6642\u5931\u53bb\u7a31\u7fa9\u3002\u5176\u5be6\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u548c\u4e0d\u5c11\u65b0\u6559\u5f92\u4e5f\u8aa4\u89e3\u4e86\u56e0\u4fe1\u7a31\u7fa9\u7684\u610f\u601d\ufe50\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u56e0\u4fe1\u7a31\u7fa9\u662f\u53ea\u8981\u4eba\u4fe1\u4e86\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f37\u8feb\u795e\u8d66\u514d\u4eba\u7684\u7f6a\ufe50\u5f97\u5230\u6551\u6069\u662f\u4fe1\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u56e0\u4fe1\u7a31\u7fa9\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\ufe50\u8207\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u4fe1\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u4fe1\u662f\u6307\u77e5\u8b58\u4e0a\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0a\u7684\u884c\u70ba\ufe50\u65b0\u6559\u7684\u4fe1\u5247\u662f\u6307\u4eba\u4e0d\u53ef\u6297\u62d2\u795e\u7684\u6069\u5178\u3002 \u8056\u4e8b \u65b0\u6559\u53ea\u6709\u5169\u4ef6\u8056\u4e8b\ufe50\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u6709\u4e03\u4f5c\u8056\u4e8b\ufe50\u4f46\u8056\u4e8b\u6578\u76ee\u4e0d\u662f\u91cd\u9ede\ufe50\u800c\u662f\u5169\u8005\u5c0d\u8056\u4e8b\u7684\u672c\u8cea\u4e0d\u540c\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u8a8d\u70ba\u8056\u4e8b\u7684\u795e\u8056\u529b\u91cf\u5177\u5ba2\u89c0\u6027\ufe50\u8056\u4e8b\u7684\u6551\u8d16\u529f\u6548\u8207\u4eba\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u601d\u60f3\u7121\u95dc\ufe50\u9818\u53d6\u8056\u4e8b\u5df1\u6709\u8056\u9748\u7684\u5be6\u8cea\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u65b0\u6559\u5247\u8457\u91cd\u4eba\u8207\u795e\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\ufe50\u82e5\u4eba\u4e0d\u4fe1\u795e\u5247\u8056\u4e8b\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u610f\u7fa9\u3002\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u4fdd\u7559\u5316\u9ad4\u8ad6\ufe50\u8a8d\u70ba\u8036\u7a4c\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u81e8\u5728\u8056\u9ad4\u548c\u8056\u9152\u4e2d\ufe50\u65b0\u6559\u5247\u8a8d\u9905\u548c\u9152\u53ea\u6709\u8c61\u5fb5\u610f\u7fa9\u3002\u9019\u9ede\u7684\u5206\u5225\u5728\u53c3\u89c0\u5169\u8005\u7684\u6559\u5802\u6700\u70ba\u660e\u986f\u3002\u65b0\u6559\u7684\u6559\u5802\u5728\u4e0d\u8209\u884c\u5d07\u62dc\u6642\ufe50\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u5ea7\u6c92\u6709\u7279\u5225\u7684\u7a7a\u5c4b\u3002\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u6559\u5802\u56e0\u70ba\u9577\u671f\u4f9b\u5949\u8056\u9ad4\ufe50\u795e\u771f\u5be6\u5730\u81e8\u5728\u6559\u5802\u796d\u58c7\u4e0a\ufe50\u6240\u4ee5\u6559\u5802\u7121\u6642\u7121\u523b\u4e5f\u662f\u795e\u8056\u838a\u56b4\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u4fee\u548c\u8056\u4e8b\u662f\u65b0\u6559\u653b\u64ca\u91cd\u9ede\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4fee\u548c\u8056\u4e8b\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u795e\u7236\u5bec\u6055\u7f6a\u4eba\ufe50\u800c\u662f\u795e\u900f\u904e\u795e\u7236\ufe50\u4ea6\u53ea\u53ef\u4ee5\u900f\u904e\u795e\u7236\u53bb\u5bec\u6055\u7f6a\u4eba\u3002\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u662f\u8056\u4e8b\ufe50\u50b3\u9053\u53cd\u800c\u5176\u6b21\ufe50\u800c\u6574\u500b\u795e\u8077\u67b6\u69cb\u4e5f\u662f\u70ba\u8056\u4e8b\u800c\u8a2d\u7acb\u3002 \u6559\u5b97\u7121\u8aa4 \u5728\u5929\u7279\u6703\u8b70\u4e2d\u5c0d\u6559\u5b97\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u4e5f\u6709\u6fc0\u5217\u722d\u8b70\ufe50\u9019\u500b\u722d\u8b70\u6301\u7e8c\u4e86\u5e7e\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u3002\u4e00\u500b\u8aaa\u6cd5\u662f\u6559\u5b97\u70ba\u795e\u7684\u4ee3\u7406\u4eba\ufe50\u6240\u4ee5\u662f\u4e3b\u6559\u5718\u6b0a\u529b\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u8aaa\u6cd5\u662f\u6559\u5b97\u662f\u4e3b\u6559\u5718\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\ufe50\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u6700\u7d42\u4f86\u81ea\u4e3b\u6559\u5718\u3002\u57281870\u5e74\u6559\u6703\u5ba3\u544a\u6559\u5b97\u7121\u8aa4\u7684\u6559\u7fa9\ufe50\u4ee3\u8868\u8457\u6559\u5b97\u5c0d\u4e3b\u6559\u5718\u7684\u52dd\u5229\ufe50\u5f9e\u6b64\u6559\u5b97\u64c1\u6709\u8d85\u7136\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\ufe50\u5728\u6559\u6703\u5167\u6c92\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u5230\u6279\u8a55\u3002\u884c\u4f7f\u6559\u5b97\u7121\u8aa4\u5fc5\u9700\u4ed8\u5408\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\ufe50\u53ea\u6709\u4f7f\u7528ex cahtedra\u5ba3\u544a\u624d\u5177\u6709\u6548\u529b\u3002\u6559\u5b97\u7121\u8aa4\u5728\u6559\u6703\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u7d55\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528\ufe50\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4ea6\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u6b21\u662f1950\u5e74\u5ba3\u544a\u8056\u6bcd\u5347\u5929\u3002(\u7530\u7acb\u514b\u5728\u66f8\u4e2d\u6c92\u6709\u8aaa\ufe50\u4e0d\u904e\u6211\u5370\u8c61\u4e2d\u8a18\u5f97\u8056\u6bcd\u7121\u73b7\u4e5f\u7121\u8aa4\u5ba3\u544a\ufe50\u61c9\u8a72\u518d\u6c92\u6709\u7b2c\u4e09\u689d\u7121\u8aa4\u5ba3\u544a\u4e86\u3002) \u8a79\u68ee\u4e3b\u7fa9(Jansenism) \u5728\u5929\u7279\u6539\u9769\u5f8c\u7684\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\ufe50\u56e0\u70ba\u8036\u7a4c\u6703\u6b0a\u529b\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\ufe50Thomas\u50b3\u7d71\u5728\u795e\u5b78\u4e0a\u4f54\u58d3\u5012\u6027\u512a\u52e2\ufe50\u8a79\u68ee\u4e3b\u7fa9\u662f\u5967\u53e4\u65af\u4e01\u50b3\u7d71\u6700\u5f8c\u7684\u5782\u6b7b\u722d\u624e\u53cd\u6297\u3002 \u53ef\u884c\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9(Probabilism) \u6559\u6703\u5728\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0a\u7684\u6307\u5f15\u662f\u57fa\u65bc\u662f\u53ef\u884c\u6027(porable)\ufe50\u800c\u4e26\u975e\u7d55\u5c0d\u5283\u4e00\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u6307\u5f15\ufe50\u4fdd\u7559\u4eba\u5728\u9053\u5fb7\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u6307\u5f15\u7684\u7533\u5ef6\u662f\u7f6a\u5206\u70ba\u6b7b\u7f6a(moral sin)\u548c\u53ef\u539f\u8ad2\u7684\u7f6a(venial sin)\u5169\u7a2e\u7f6a\ufe50\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u6703\u72af\u7684\u7f6a\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u539f\u8ad2\u7684\u7f6a\ufe50\u56e0\u4e9b\u7f6a\u7684\u554f\u984c\u6c92\u6709\u65b0\u6559\u7684\u56b4\u91cd\u6027\u3002 \u770b\u7f77\u7530\u7acb\u514b\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u6559\u7fa9\u9019\u7ae0\ufe50\u6211\u9019\u500b\u5929\u4e3b\u5f92\u6709\u9ede\u615a\u6127\ufe50\u539f\u4f86\u81ea\u5df1\u5c0d\u6240\u4fe1\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u6240\u77e5\u751a\u5c11\u3002\u6559\u7fa9\u6700\u7c97\u6dfa\u7684\u9673\u8ff0\u6211\u7576\u7136\u807d\u904e\ufe50\u4f46\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u57fa\u790e\u537b\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u7ac5\u4e0d\u901a\u3002\u6211\u4ee5\u524d\u4ee5\u70ba\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u662f\u8ddf\u96a8\u5967\u4e01\u65af\u53e4\u50b3\u7d71\ufe50\u800c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u662f\u8ddf\u96a8\u4e9e\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\ufe50\u539f\u4f86\u6211\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u5f04\u932f\u4e86\ufe50\u5169\u8005\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u525b\u525b\u76f8\u53cd\u3002\u4eca\u6b21\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u662f\u91cd\u65b0\u8a8d\u8b58\u6211\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\ufe50\u6eab\u6545\u77e5\u65b0\u7372\u76ca\u826f\u591a\u3002","rel":"","context":"In "\u5b97\u6559"","block_context":{"text":"\u5b97\u6559","link":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/category\/_religions\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_likes_enabled":false,"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2178","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2178"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2178\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15970,"href":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2178\/revisions\/15970"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15969"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2178"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2178"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2178"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}