{"id":2631,"date":"2009-04-18T01:10:29","date_gmt":"2009-04-18T09:10:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/?p=2631"},"modified":"2009-04-18T01:24:49","modified_gmt":"2009-04-18T09:24:49","slug":"religion-human-rights-and-the-meaning-of-freedom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.horace.org\/blog\/2009\/04\/18\/religion-human-rights-and-the-meaning-of-freedom\/","title":{"rendered":"Religion, human rights and the meaning of freedom"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote><p>Defaming is to falsely accuse against something, but religion matters can not be proved true or false.\u00a0 Therefore, in theory no one can defame religions.\u00a0 Moreover, it is our basic human rights to criticize some stupid or evil religions.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p class=\"info\">Apr 2nd 2009<br \/>\nFrom <em>The Economist<\/em> print edition<\/p>\n<h2>Why freedom of speech must include the right to \u201cdefame\u201d religions<\/h2>\n<p>AT FIRST glance, the resolution on \u201creligious defamation\u201d adopted by the UN\u2019s Human Rights Council on March 26th, mainly at the behest of Islamic countries, reads like another piece of harmless verbiage churned out by a toothless international bureaucracy. What is wrong with saying, as the resolution does, that some Muslims faced prejudice in the aftermath of September 2001? But a closer look at the resolution\u2019s language, and the context in which it was adopted (with an unholy trio of Pakistan, Belarus and Venezuela acting as sponsors), makes clear that bigger issues are at stake.<\/p>\n<p>The resolution says \u201cdefamation of religions\u201d is a \u201cserious affront to human dignity\u201d which can \u201crestrict the freedom\u201d of those who are defamed, and may also lead to the incitement of violence. But there is an insidious blurring of categories here, which becomes plain when you compare this resolution with the more rigorous language of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted in 1948 in a spirit of revulsion over the evils of fascism. This asserts the right of human beings in ways that are now entrenched in the theory and (most of the time) the practice of liberal democracy. It upholds the right of people to live in freedom from persecution and arbitrary arrest; to hold any faith or none; to change religion; and to enjoy freedom of expression, which by any fair definition includes freedom to agree or disagree with the tenets of any religion.<\/p>\n<p>In other words, it protects individuals\u2014not religions, or any other set of beliefs. And this is a vital distinction. For it is not possible systematically to protect religions or their followers from offence without infringing the right of individuals.<\/p>\n<p>What exactly is it the drafters of the council resolution are trying to outlaw? To judge from what happens in the countries that lobbied for the vote\u2014like Saudi Arabia, Egypt and Pakistan\u2014they use the word \u201cdefamation\u201d to mean something close to the crime of blasphemy, which is in turn defined as voicing dissent from the official reading of Islam. In many of the 56 member states of the Organisation of the Islamic Conference, which has led the drive to outlaw \u201cdefamation\u201d, both non-Muslims and Muslims who voice dissent (even in technical matters of Koranic interpretation) are often victims of just the sort of persecution the 1948 declaration sought to outlaw. That is a real human-rights problem. And in the spirit of fairness, laws against blasphemy that remain on the statute books of some Western countries should also be struck off; only real, not imaginary, incitement of violence should be outlawed.<\/p>\n<h2>Good manners, please; not censorship<\/h2>\n<p>In much of the Muslim world, the West\u2019s reaction to the attacks of September 2001, including the invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq, has been misread as an attack on Islam itself. This is more than regrettable; it is dangerous. Western governments, and decent people everywhere, should try to ensure that the things they say do not entrench religious prejudice or incite acts of violence; being free to give offence does not mean you are wise to give offence. But no state, and certainly no body that calls itself a Human Rights Council, should trample on the right to free speech enshrined in the Universal Declaration. And in the end, given that all faiths have undergone persecution at some time, few people have more to gain from the protection of free speech than sincere religious believers.<\/p>\n<p>The United States, with its tradition of combining strong religious beliefs and religious freedom, is well placed to make that case. Having taken a politically risky decision (see <a href=\"http:\/\/www.economist.com\/opinion\/displaystory.cfm?story_id=13416209\">article<\/a>) to re-engage with the Human Rights Council and seek election as one of its 47 members, America should now make the defence of real religious liberty one of its highest priorities.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Defaming is to falsely accuse against something, but religion matters can not be proved true or false.\u00a0 Therefore, in theory no one can defame religions.\u00a0 Moreover, it is our basic human rights to criticize some stupid or evil religions.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"lc_iscn_info":[],"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[15],"tags":[41,126,141],"class_list":["post-2631","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-_newsclips","tag-economist","tag-freedom","tag-religion"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - 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I wanted to try it for many years. Finally I found a restaurant in Vancouver has this dish on its menu. 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