Merry Christmas and Happy New Year

Merry Christmas and Happy New Year.  Time flies.  It is the almost the end of 2007.  I am on my way to a 3 weeks long vacation / wedding preparation trip to HK.  I probably won’t update my blog when I am away on vacation.  I will resume writing after I come back from HK on the  2nd week of January.

I have to do many things for my short stay in HK  I have to visit all my relatives, Pat’s relatives and prepare for our wedding.  I will have 4 days of free time from 4 Jan to 9 Jan after Pat come back to Vancouver.  For my friends in HK, I will try to contact you and let’s find sometime to meet up with each other.  Please leave me your contact in the comments, which is only visible to me.

See you next year.

基督教思想史第二部 – 第二章﹕啟蒙運動及其問題

這個星期田立克敝開不說神學﹐改為先談論啟蒙運動﹐因為這是近代神學的基礎。他先解釋啟蒙運動的四個基本慨念﹐分別是自主性(autonomy)﹐理性(reason)﹐自然(nature)以及和諧(harmony)﹐然後講述啟蒙時代智識份子的主流想法﹐最後談論啟蒙運動面對的挑戰。

自主性

康德提認為人類最終要成長﹐並為自己的決定負上責任。自主性就是人可以運甪自己的理性﹐不需要外來的教導去作出正確決定。在古希臘文﹐自主性是由auto自己﹐和nomos規律兩個字組成。自主性的意義就是人內心有一套規律﹐人作出決定的標準可以不假外求。有些神學家批評自主性就是反叛神﹐但他們其實曲解了自主性的意義。人類的自主不是違反神的規律﹐而是神在創造人時已在理性埋下聖靈的種子。人跟從理性生活﹐就等同於遵行神的話語。在個人的層面﹐自由性就是要勇於思想﹐不怕用理性去質疑任何問題。

自主性的相反就是服從性(heteronomy)﹐在古希臘文的意義是服從外在的規律。服從性沒有任何規則可尋﹐因為我們從來沒有思考服從的對象。若果與我們理性不乎﹐就算盲目服從神也不是美德﹐因為我們只是害性怕罰或做錯事﹐才會利用服從來追求一份安全感。說穿了這只是逃避恐懼追求快樂﹐自主地思考才是真正服從神的規律﹐神直接在我們內心寫下的規律﹐而非外在可能有錯誤的教會規律。

理性

啟蒙運動中理性的慨念﹐與現代日常用語有些少不同﹐並不是指為求最大化的計算推論﹐更加不是與神示的對立面。理性有四個意思。第一個意思﹐是代表絕對真理存在﹐現實世界是充滿有規律和結構。這個規律結構除了包括物質世界外﹐還包括我們的思想﹐知識﹐道德良知﹐審美觀﹐一切一切等。這個世界宇宙萬物是由智慧所創造﹐也只有以理性去解讀明白世﹐包括世界中的哲學和神學。若果神學欠缺理性﹐那不過照背盲讀經文﹐並沒有明白經文的意思。第二個意思是批判性的理性﹐批判世界上不公義的事情。第三個意思是直覺的理性﹐就是柏拉圖所說﹐人看見真理的倒影。真覺理性不是用分析性的方法﹐而是用彩用描述的方法去思考。最後一個意思是技術理性﹐就是我們日常生活中所說的理性。

自然

啟蒙望動中的自然﹐並不是與人工相對的自然﹐而是批與超自然相對的自然。自然可以分為兩種﹐第一種是物質上的自然﹐第二種自然是指人的本性。換一句話說﹐人類的思想屬於自然的一部份﹐任何人類的行為也自然的一部份。

和諧

啟蒙望動和諧的定義﹐並不是指死板劃一的規律﹐而是說很矛盾地亂中有序。例如經濟學上的無形之手﹐買方和賣方也是各為私利﹐但最後的結果是互利。民主制度也需要和諧的基礎﹐正確點來說是需要和諧的信念﹐相信民主最終可以解決各方的利益衡突﹐達到保障大部份人利益的結果。天主教有教庭去頒報教義﹐但基督教的教會各自為政。是和諧的信念令基督教認為權威不需要集中在教宗一人身上﹐就算各個教會的教義相異不同﹐最終也會表達神的意思。

啟蒙時代的生活

啟蒙時代的人過的是中產階級(bourgeois)生活﹐個字起源於法文﹐字面意思是城市裏的人。中產與中世紀的鄉下人不同﹐中產階級具自主性和理性﹐不會盲目服從權威。中產的理念是要分析和改變環境﹐好讓他們可以完全地掌握四週的事物。他們認為環境是一連串可以計算的模型﹐透過精密的思考人可以作出理性的決定。

中產需要一個理性的宗教﹐ 神是世界運行的源動力。神創造了世界並定下運作的規律﹐神不需要事無大小地干預世界。神干預世界破壞了中產的理性計算﹐因為神是不依從自然的規律的超自然力量。中產不喜歡聽死亡或地獄的教義﹐因為死亡代表著人類自主的終結。原罪也受到中產的攻擊﹐因為這與在世上人類不斷進步﹐能夠通過理性找出善的理念不乎。理性的宗教﹐一切恐嚇和不安的教義被抽空﹐剩下來只是與世界沒有太大關係的神﹐以及人類靈魂不滅的信念﹐好讓人類可以在死後也繼續進步。

中產的最大道德信念是包容﹐因為他們受夠了上世紀的宗教戰爭。其次中產強調個人與神的直接關係﹐沒有一個宗教可以壟斷人神關係﹐換一句話說不會只有一種得救的方法。第三是中產支持政教分離﹐人與神不需要教會作為中介﹐教會就不需要世俗的權力。中產的生活是工作的紀律﹐通過工作改做世界﹐在地上建立神的國度。今天的中產已經變了質﹐失去了工作的紀律﹐改變世界的理想﹐只懂沉醉於奢華的消費品上。中產認為情緒是非理性﹐情緒不可以影響生活上的重要決定。於是人分為理性和情緒兩部份﹐不受理性控制的情縮﹐漸漸變成無知的代名詞。

Patent review meeting

Somehow I have to get up early every day this week, today is a 8a.m. patent review meeting.  I was asked to sit in the meeting to review two verification related the patent application from Israel.  Verification related IP is really hard to patent, it is not that we are not innovative.  The problem is there is no way for us to enforce our patent.  We see our competitors’ chips, but we don’t know how they verify their chips.  They can do pretty much whatever they want behind closed door.  In the past few years, we start to see 3rd party verification IP on the market.  Verification IP is just software, so it falls into the same category as software patents, which is different from the hardware patent my company familiar with.

Anyways, the Israel guys presents two patents application to the patent committee.  I was asked to review the initial patent application as one of the few “verification experts” in the company.  Helping the lawyers to determine whether the idea is patent worthy.  We have to examine the application base on whether it is new, whether it is trivial and whether the patent is enforceable.  If the patent in question is truly innovative, it will worth the trouble for me to get up early, but it is exactly the opposite.  The Israel guys are trying to patent an idea we have been using over 3 years in Vancouver.  This idea is so good that we even asked Cadence for feature enhancement to put it into their verification tool.  Actually, the idea is already implemented in the latest tool release.  The Israel guys must be living in a cave, it seems they are so out of touch with the latest verification technology.  Even if this idea is patentable, there is no way for us to enforce the patent.  We will never know other companies copying our way or not.  The only company we will ever see any infringement is from Cadence.  It is the last thing you would sue your tool vendor, when there are only two companies on earth making the tools of your trade.  Reviewing the patent itself is a total waste of time, I can’t believe some one is dumb enough trying to apply for a patent on this piece of antique.  However, it is an interesting experience to attend a patent review meeting.

Indian flu

My boss come back from a business trip in Indian and got a flu.  I am sitting right next to him, probably that’s how I got a flu.  When I woke up this morning, I am having a headache, muscle pain, soar throat and drowsiness.  Unfortunately, I have whole day meeting today and piles of work waiting me to finish before I take off for  vacation, so I couldn’t skip work today.  After work, I went straight to the pharmacy to buy Neo-Citron.  Hopefully my flu will go away tomorrow after I drink the flu formula and have a good rest tonight.

Sex change operation

I just discover something that is more disgusting than being gay, it is the sex change operation. There is a guy in my company going to change his sex next month. At first I am not aware of his abnormality. When I work with him, I thought he is just a skinny guy with really long hair. Although he loves to wear tight clothes, I never notice he has breasts, not until someone point out to me. Well, why would I pay attention to his breasts if I assume he is a guy. Some of my colleagues noticed his breasts, and keep wondering whether is he a he or a she. Finally the mystery is solved when reliable source told us he is under going a sex change operation. He is injecting female hormones now. In next month, he will remove the extra body parts and officially become a woman.

This guy brings up lots of questions. After he turns into a she, presumably he will act like a real woman and love guys. Would any normal guy with a sane mind willing to marry a sex changed woman? If he loves guy, why can’t simply be gay? Compare to sex change, gay seems much more acceptable, at least gay guys are still guys. If there is a disgusting scale, gay is just medium disgusting. I can tolerate gays around me, as long as they are not my kids. I don’t think I want to deal with any sex changed woman. Sex change operation is on the extreme end of the disgusting scale. Pretending to be a woman while born as a man is out right lying, which is socially unacceptable, it is an act that destroy our social fabric.

I do acknowledge there are some men really want to change their sex. They have serious psychological problem, so we should treat them and cure them. If we can’t turn them back to 100% normal, at least we should turn them into gay. Helping them fulfill their sex change desire is not right way to treat their abnormal state of mind. I hope he better pay for his sex change operation fee out of his own money. As a tax payer, I do not approve the government health plan spend a single dime on sex change operation.