Facebook

Friendster is out, facebook is in. In the past few weeks, facebook seems to grow exponentially around my circle of friends. Everyone is ditching friendster and signing up with facebook. I registered my facebook account two weeks ago and now I already have over 30 contacts. People even send messages in friendster to tell people they are switching to facebook. It is fair to say friendster is showing its age. The site is always slow and it lacks of features. Facebook is much more user friendly and the interface is quite intuitive. How the photo album supports tagging people’s name is really genius, highly recommended. It is only the matter of time before facebook overtake friendster, repeating how MSN overtake ICQ. I am pretty sure a few years, some better social networking site will comes in and out shine facebook. Then there will be another round of mass exoduses, everyone migrate their contacts from one site to another.

There is one thing about this kind of social network I love to hate or hate to love. Before everyone you ever known is connected by social network, whatever passed is passed. If you want to forget someone after you two’s circle of life drifted apart, normally you won’t hear any news from each other.  Eventually the memory will be preserved under a dusty corner somewhere inside your brain. Now with these kind of massive social networks, that someone is just always a few click away. You may tell yourself you don’t want to and you don’t need to know anything about that person. But curiosity makes people click in and take a look how that person is doing these days. Is she happy? Has she find someone to take care of her yet?

相對貧窮

說起什麼是貧窮﹐大部份人必定會想起非洲那些餓很瘦骨如柴的飢民﹐ 又或者在電視新聞上看起那些衣不蔽體﹐頂無片瓦的難民。畢境不論是基於人道責任還是身為人類的同情心﹐我們也不能接受社會上有人連生存的權利也沒有保障。可幸的隨著經濟發展人民生活日漸富裕﹐社會有能力負擔公共福利為人民提供最基本的生活必需﹐在發達國家中生活於貧窮線下的人數已大幅減少。在今天的香港社會中﹐相信不會出現路有凍死骨或小孩子要挨肚餓的慘況。正當我們的滅貧大計取得空前成功﹐一些社會學者卻提出貧窮一個的新慨念。他們把上述的問題稱為絕對貧窮 (absolute poverty)﹐而引入一個新的相對貧窮 (relative poverty)觀念。貧窮不再單純是吃不飽穿不暖的問題﹐而是由於未能負擔一般人一樣的消費能力﹐未能享受社會上一般人的生活模式﹐從而感覺到自己貧窮。於是貧窮從一個客觀性的經濟指標﹐變成一個主觀性的文化心理慨念。那些社會學者更進一步指出﹐經濟發展不能解決相對貧窮的問題﹐反而會不斷產生新的貧窮﹐只有重新分配財富﹐改變現行資本主義的社會架構﹐才能在根本上解決貧窮的問題。可是他們有沒有想過﹐相對貧窮有必要解決嗎﹖

首先從字面的定義上去看﹐相對貧窮這個慨念並不存在。相對貧窮只是窮﹐並不是貧。很明顯翻譯這個詞語的人只是囫圇吞棗地﹐把英文詞語照字面的意思硬譯過來﹐而沒有細心思考過在中文裏﹐貧窮二字已包含絕對和相對兩個不同的觀念。物質上的不足為貧﹐是絕對的慨念。窮則是相對的慨念﹐例如龔如心比李家誠窮。世界各國大多有扶貧滅貧的社會計劃﹐只有共產主義的國家﹐才會有做又三十六﹐唔做又三十六的滅窮計劃。在數學上來說﹐除非所有人的收入也相同﹐否則一定會有人比別人窮。貧可滅﹐窮永不可滅。以史為鑑﹐滅窮只能像共產政權那樣製造均貧﹐可是均貧肯定不是我們樂於見到的結果。

窮本身並不是一件值得讓人懼怕的事。正所謂人窮志不窮﹐在生存有基本保障後﹐不必擔活在赤貧的人﹐他們可以憑自己的努力﹐去創造財富逐步爬地上社會階梯。反之富有的人著終日無所事事揮霍無度﹐他們的財富也有花盡的一天﹐會從有錢階級掉下來變成窮人。最有效保障階級上下流動的社會制度是論功行賞的功績主義(Meritocracy)。生產力高對社會有供獻多的人﹐相對的獲得更多財富回報作為鼓勵﹐而生產力低對社會供獻少的人﹐則以相對較少的生活享受作為的懲罰。只要使用得宜﹐富與窮正是最有效增進社會生產力的葫蘿白和棒子。

每一項經濟增長均是來自科技或制度的進步﹐在經濟增長的初期﹐擁有新技術或新知識的人﹐因為生產力相對上升有比較優勢而先富起來。剩下來低技術低知識的人﹐生產力相對下降淪為窮人。讓他們脫窮的唯一方法﹐就是提升他們的生產力﹐通過教育和培訓讓他們在技術和知識追上其他人的平均水平。若果強行把高生產力的人的財產通過分配手段﹐白白送給低生產力的人﹐只會傳達一個錯誤的訊息﹐變相懲罰提高生產力的人。最終只會造成反效果﹐導致社會整體生產力下降或停滯不前﹐對人民不僅益處反而有害處。

透過經濟增長增加社會上的總生產力﹐社會才能夠投放更多資源在低收入階層﹐改善他們客觀生活條件。人民得以豐衣足食﹐貧困也成為過去的代名詞。事實上在今天的香港社會﹐只要沒有不良嗜好﹐就算領綜緩住公屋的市民﹐他們的客觀生活質素比五十年前的中產階級還要好﹐大慨比一百年前的大地主也過之而無不及﹐這就是經濟增長帶來的好處了。經濟增長可以滅貧﹐但不能滅窮。要滅窮的話﹐倒頭來就沒有了經濟增長。不過若果窮是因為人比人比死人的心理問題﹐只是因為生活享受不夠別人好﹐就感覺自己是貧窮的話﹐那麼經濟政策絕不是解決問題的方法。心病還需心藥醫﹐向低下階層傳揚佛家道家無慾無求的思想﹐又或者基督教的克己追求精神而非物質滿足的傳統﹐也可以令他們不再覺得自己貧窮﹐這才是根治窮人心理問題的良方。

TV commercials

Normally, people hate watching TV commercials.  They will avoid watching commercials by pressing the fast forward button in recorded programs, change channels or go to the washroom in live programs.  I can’t believe I watched nothing but commercials for almost half an hour today.  I haven’t watched Hong Kong TV commercials for a long time.  Although I watch TV programs from HK quite frequently, those program are usually commercial free.  I am curious how the TV commercials in HK look like nowadays and what are the differences with those here in Canada.  I downloaded a collection of HK TV commercials and watched it half-heartly this afternoon.  Actually I am quite disappointed, out of the hundred or so commercials I watched, there are only a few good ones with a sense of humor or with artistic expression that is  pleasant to watch.  I always thought commercials in HK would be more interesting than those broadcast here.  I guess commercials are just equally boring everywhere.  Some commercials hire celebrities as speak persons, which I found quite this type of commercials often lacks substance and instantly turned me off.  Ok, commercials with showering scenes by famous female stars are exceptions, but I still won’t buy those products because of the stars.  Some commercials trying to be too informative, giving boring useless sales number to the audience so that they can forget in the next second.  There is one clueless commercial featuring Chow Yun Fat with lots of weird visual imageries.  It turns out to be the commercial for the new casino in Macau.  No wonder the advertisement company can make an expensive commercial seems so meaningless, that is exactly the effect they want to archive.  You can’t hard sell gambling in TV commercials.  To my surprise, I found some ancient commercials from my childhood days still on air these days.  The tag line of those commercials are part of the collective memories among people form different generations.  Actually, I am more surprise those products are still in business.  Who wants to by a product running an aging commercial?

Choice of life style

What is a good life?  I have been asking this question to myself lately.  The definition of good life have different meanings to different people.  Someone want to be rich and powerful, someone want to live simple and humble.  At the end of the day, it comes down to the choice of life style.  It is a known fact that happiness does not correlate with wealth.  The pursuit of wealth may make other parts your life suffers.  But on the other hand, money can fulfill many of your desires.  One way out is to eliminate your wants like a Buddhist monk or convert your desires to intangible spiritual values that comes free like those religious people.  It seems to me forgoing the wish for materials is an adjusted preference that people change their expectation when they realize they can’t achieve their original goal.  Then they justify to themselves why the new goal is better than the old one by looking down on the things they once aspired to.  I am turning middle age and I have done some reality check on myself.  I know I can’t fulfill all my wants, so I have to discard some of them to keep myself in balance.  I have decide what to keep and what to let go yet.  But one thing is for sure, I won’t look down on the things I once like.  I sacrifice some goals to archive some other goals.  I should happy for those who can do what I can’t fulfill.  The things I would look down on is those that I never had and never will have interest.

Homeworld 2 萬艦齊發2

homeworld 我也好久沒有玩電腦遊戲了﹐對上一個玩的遊戲已是多年前的三國誌十﹐想不到「萬艦齊發2」這個三年前的舊遊戲﹐竟然讓我重溫打機的美好時光。即時戰略遊戲「萬艦齊發」第一代在九九年推出﹐是首個凝造出太空艦隊間戰爭氣勢彭拜的遊戲。當年憑著突破性的畫面﹐引人入勝的科幻故事情節﹐以及創新的3D即時戰略操控介面﹐成為那年度最佳評價的遊戲。「萬艦齊發」第二代變化不大﹐只是改良第一代的遊戲引擎﹐並加入一個全新的故事。本來只是一個毫不起眼的續集﹐不過由於這個遊戲是屈指可數的太空戰略遊戲﹐成為很多科幻系列擁躉私下改良的對象﹐把遊戲中原本的船艦換成喜愛科幻系列中的船艦。在網上流傳的改良版本眾多﹐有「星戰大戰」﹐「高達」﹐「超時空要塞」等等著名的科幻系列。我原本只是好奇下載了「高達」的改良版來看看﹐結果開啟後一發不可收拾﹐要完成單人故事模式方肯罷休。

第二代的故事很普通﹐主角的母星受到外星人攻擊﹐基地的新型太空戰艦及時逃出﹐要去尋找上古文明遺留下來的超級武器來扭轉戰局。前後總共十五個任務﹐任務內容不外是在地圖上搜集資源﹐興建更多的太空船擴張軍力﹐消滅地圖上的敵人。當然不同的任務有不同的變化﹐大至上也是即時戰略遊戲的基本模式﹐在時限內防衛敵人進攻﹐拯救受攻擊的友軍﹐護送特別任務小隊到指定地點﹐當間碟潛航偵探敵軍﹐登陸搶奪敵艦等等。同樣例牌地隨著任務的發展﹐玩家可以建造更多種類和火力較大的船艦。與其他即時戰略遊戲不同之處﹐就是每個任務完成後﹐玩家可以帶著所有部隊去下一個任務。因此每一個任務也要小心運用艦隊保存兵力﹐船隻的生存率足以影響下一個任務的成敗。

這個遊戲的賣點是艦隊戰﹐顧名思義艦隊是這個遊戲的中心。一個隊艦隊有各類不同的船種﹐每種船艦必需要互相緊密配合﹐取長補短才可以發揮最大戰力。戰鬥機轟炸機要依靠航空母艦作補給﹐空母防衛力低要依靠護航艦保護。驅逐艦的主炮火力強大是護航艦的剋星﹐可是面對靈活小巧的轟炸機卻束手無策。基本規則是火力越強﹐越難命中細小目標﹐裝甲越厚﹐則行動越慢。玩家要因應戰況而採取適當戰略﹐大炮巨艦主義不一定行得通﹐在正面以火力硬碰只會落很傷亡慘重的下場。面對兵力比自方強大的敵軍﹐孫子兵法中的分而攻之是最有效的戰略。先集中火力攻打一點拉開距離﹐以空間換取時間﹐讓我軍在每次遭遇戰有壓倒性的兵力。當消滅一隊敵軍後馬上作維修作業﹐趕在下一隊敵軍到達前回復最佳狀態。在其中一個任務中﹐我軍就用這個戰略﹐以三艘驅逐艦的兵力﹐戰勝敵軍逐一投入戰場的十艘驅逐艦。引誘敵軍追入報滿地雷的陷阱也是一個很有效的戰略。我最得意的那場戰役﹐是先引誘敵軍的戰機群離開驅逐艦﹐讓他們追擊佯逃的我軍時中伏擊全滅。我軍火力不夠的艦隊停在驅逐艦射程之外﹐讓沒有戰機護航的驅逐艦為轟炸機隊的最佳靶子。

這個遊戲最吸引之處﹐就是讓遊家指揮一整隊太空艦隊作戰。那一個看過「銀河英雄傳說」的朋友不會幻想自己是楊威利﹐指揮著第十三獨立艦隊在太空與帝國軍決一死戰。「萬艦齊發」正好讓玩家滿足這個心癮﹐事實上戰鬥時槍彈橫飛的畫面與「銀英傳」也有幾分相似。 遊戲畫面雖然華麗眩目﹐但只是起初幾任務會留意。到了遊戲中段後幾百艘船的艦隊交戰﹐我也沒有空閒去欣賞那些3D效果。遊戲畫面切換成最多資訊的介面﹐地圖放大至每隻戰艦只剩下一個小點﹐好讓我在最短的時間內可以作最多操作。也許在前線的戰艦正在浴血火併﹐但我已看不到艦身爆炸的火花﹐我看到的只是一個個的數字﹐告訴我雙方戰艦的生命值還剩多少。其實現實世界的戰爭也都是這樣﹐坐在指揮部的將領看不到士兵的面孔﹐只剩下戰述地圖上抽像的符號和數字。那些將領本身不是冷酷無情之人﹐只是必需要把士兵的人性抽離﹐簡化為地圖上加或減的數字﹐才可以有效率地指揮龐大的軍隊去作戰。